THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

PRESENTED  BY 

PROF.  CHARLES  A.  KOFOID  AND 
MRS.  PRUDENCE  W.  KOFOID 


a 
PRACTICAL  FORMULARY 

OF  THE 

PARISIAN  HOSPITALS; 

EXHIBITING  THE 

PRESCRIPTIONS  EMPLOYED    BY   THE  PHYSICIANS  AND 
SURGEONS  OF  THOSE  ESTABLISHMENTS  ; 

WITH  REMARKS 

ILLUSTRATIVE  OP  THEIR  DOSES,  MODE  OF  ADMINISTRATION, 
AND  APPROPRIATE  APPLICATION. 

ALSO, 

General  Notices  of  each  Hospital,  the  Diseases  it  especially  receives, 
and  Medical  Doctrines  of  the  Practitioners  who  preside  in  it. 

BY  F.  S.  RATIER,  M.  D. 

Doctor  in  Medicine  of  the  Faculty  of  Paris,  and  Corresponding 
Member  of  the  Royal  Medical  Society  of  Bordeaux. 


Translated  from  the  Third  Edition  of  the  French, 
WITH  NOTES  AND  ILLUSTRATIONS, 

BY   R.  D.  M'LELLAN,   M.  D. 

LICENTIATE  OF  THE  ROYAL  COLLEGE  OF  SURGEONS. 


NEW- YORK : 
C.  S.  FRANCIS— 252  BROADWAY. 

MUNROE  AND  FRANCIS—- BOSTON. 

1880, 


ntYton  &  Van  Norden,  Printers; 
4«  William-street. 


ANDREW  DUNCAN,  M.  D.,  F.R.S. 

PROFESSOR  OF  MATERIA  MEDICA  IN  THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  EDINBURGH,  &C.  &C. 

THE  FOLLOWING  TRANSLATION 

IS  KXSP1CTFVLLT  IHSCBIBED, 
BT 

R,  D,  M'LELLAN. 


TRANSLATOR'S  PREFACE. 


THE  following  Work  is  chiefly  practical ; 
for  its  aim,  as  the  Author  has  himself  ex- 
pressed it,  is  to  exhibit  a  correct  view  of  the 
state  of  Medical  Practice  in  Paris.  What 
may  be  considered  by  many  readers  as  not 
less  interesting, — it  also  contains  sketches  of 
the  different  Hospitals  in  that  City,  pointing 
out  the  class  of  diseases  for  which  each  of 
them  is  set  apart,  and  the  opinions  held  by 
the  most  eminent  Practitioners.  A  Work  of 
this  character  has  been  hitherto  a  desidera- 
tum, which  the  present  volume  is  calculated 
to  supply.  The  Translator  may  express  his 
hope,  that  the  work  will  be  of  some  advan- 
tage to  the  younger  members  of  the  Profes- 
sion in  this  country,  as  it  will  acquaint  them 
with  new  modes  of  combining  and  applying 
remedies,  and  with  the  results  to  which  these 
modes  have  in  general  led.  It  may  be  espe- 
cially recommended  to  those  Students  who 
have  the  prospect  of  attending  the  Medical 
Schools  of  Paris  ;  for,  without  some  such 

i* 


vi  TRANSLATOR'S  PREFACE, 

information  as  it  affords  as  to  the  state  of  the 
Hospitals  and  Clinical  Courses,  considerable 
time  may  be  lost  in  making  proper  arrange- 
ments for  the  prosecution  of  their  studies. 

The  FORMULAE,  which,  agreeably  to  the 
custom  of  the  French,  are  given  in  their  own 
language,  have  been  rendered  into  Latin,  in 
accordance  with  the  usual  practice  of  pre- 
scribing in  this  country. 

The  NOTES,  which  it  has  been  thought 
necessary  to  add,  have  been  placed  at  the 
foot  of  the  pages  to  which  they  refer,  —  an 
arrangement  more  convenient  for  the  reader, 
than  to  have  thrown  them  into  an  Appendix 
at  the  end  of  the  volume. 

The  translator  has  only  to  add,  that  the 
work  of  M.  RATIEB.  has  reached  a  third  edi- 
tion, —  a  proof  of  its  utility,  and  the  estima- 
tion in  which  it  is  held  on  the  Continent, 


Edinburgh,  IMhDer.  1829. 


AUTHOR'S  NOTE. 


WITHOUT  attaching  to  this  work  more  impor- 
tance than  it  possesses,  I  yet  flatter  myself  that 
it  has  not  been  unattended  with  utility.  In  this 
third  edition,  I  have  endeavoured  to  render  it  still 
more  complete,  by  making  such  additions  and  cor- 
rections as  the  changes  in  regard  to  the  Clinical 
Courses,  or  the  Regulations  of  the  Hospitals,  and 
the  uninterrupted  advance  of  the  Medical  Art, 
have  rendered  necessary.  I  have  not  sought, 
however,  to  increase  much  the  size  of  the  Volume, 
persuaded  that  apparent  abundance  conceals  very 
often  a  real  poverty,  which,  far  from  benefiting 
science,  tends  only  to  retard  its  progress. 


INTRODUCTION. 


IN  most  of  the  Hospitals  of  Paris,  the  Physi- 
elans  and  Surgeons,  in  their  prescriptions,  em- 
ploy conventional  and  abbreviated  terms,  which 
not  unfrequently  embarrass  those  who  follow 
them  at  their  visit.  Eau  Minerals,  Eau  Benite, 
Julep  Bechique,  Julep  Somnifere,  are  some  of 
the  expressions  in  daily  use,  and  of  which  it  is 
necessary  to  have  the  key. 

It  was  the  wish  of  the  Administration*  to  have 
established  a  general  Formulary  ;  but  finding  a 
difficulty  in  realizing  such  a  project,  which  one 
may  easily  conceive,  the  attempt  was  relinquish. 
ed :  for  not  only  has  each  hospital  its  own  For. 
mulary,  but  each  physician,  besides,  has  made 
some  modifications  in  the  formulae  which  he 
employs,  so  as  to  render  their  recognition  less 
easy.  It  will,  therefore,  not  be  unacceptable 


*  This  Administration  consists  of  a  commission  of  members  ap- 
pointed to  manage  and  conduct  the  affairs  of  the  hospitals,  and  which 
siiraishes  to  a  general  council  a  quarterly  report  of  the  state  of  these 
institution*.  For  an  account  of  the  system  of  hospital  government, 
see  Dr,  Johnstons'?  work  on  the  Public  Charities  in  France.-— 7Y. 


10  INTRODUCTION. 

to  find  collected,  in  a  portable  volume,  the  dif- 
ferent formulae  expressed  in  practice  by  enig- 
matical terms,  and  to  be  made  acquainted  at 
the  same  time  with  their  doses,  and  the  mode 
of  their  administration. 

A  copy,  servilely  taken  from  the  different 
formularies  of  the  -hospitals,  had  been  a  work 
as  irksome  as  useiess,  and  for  this  reason  I 
have  extracted  from  each,  only  its  more  inte- 
resting parts,  adding  some  notes  furnished  either 
at  the  visits,  the  clinical  courses,  or  from  par- 
ticular conversations  with  those  gentlemen, 
whom  the  just  opinion  of  the  public  has  placed 
at  the  head  of  the  profession.  The  notes,  which 
many  of  them  have  obligingly  communicated 
to  me  in  writing,  will  impart  to  this  work  a 
greater  interest  than  those  I  could  myself  have 
been  able  to  offer  ;  because,  on  different  points 
of  doctrine  and  practice,  they  are  the  positive 
expression  of  their  personal  opinion. 

As  they  are  now,  in  general,  greatly  simpli- 
fied, much  analogy  will  be  found  among  the 
medicinal  prescriptions.  It  will  be  seen,  how- 
ever>  that  the  modifications  in  the  doses,  the 
combinations,  and  the  manner  of  administering 
the  medicines,  form  the  characteristic  lines  in 
the  practice  of  each  individual. 

Is  it  to  the  new  physiological  doctrine,*  that 


*  It  is  almost  unnecessary  to  remark,  that  this  alludes  to  the  phy- 
siological doctrines  of  Broussais,  which  have  spread  so  extensively  in 
France,  and  which,  among  the  more  ardent  of  his  disciples,  have  pro 
cured  their  author  the  title  of  Pere  de  la  Medccine  Modcrne-  Al- 
though the  doctrine  share  the  common  fault  of  being  too  general  ir 
}J8  demands,  it  has  perhaps  effected  a  beneficial  change  on  the  th*. 
a^ur  Of  ^3  Fr6neh  practice.  —  TV- 


INTRODUCTION.  1 1 

we  ought  to  attribute  the  simplicity  that  we  ob- 
serve in  the  treatment  of  disease  ;  or  has  the 
medical  constitution  undergone  a  change,  as 
some  physicians  have  imagined,  more  especially 
MM.  Jadelot,  Laennec,  and  Cayol ;  and  have 
inflammations  of  the  first  passages  become 
more  frequent,  while  the  number  of  A  dynamic 
and  Ataxic  Fevers  have  considerably  diminish- 
ed ?  It  is  certainly  true,  and  the  registers  of 
medical  observations  would  furnish  sufficient 
proof,  that  we  more  rarely  encounter  these  low 
and  malignant  fevers,  since  we  have  restricted 
much  the  use  of  emetics,  purgatives,  and  tonics 
of  every  kind,  and  that  much  importance  is  now 
attached  to  inflammations  of  the  alimentary 
canal. 

The  present  Formulary,  entirely  different 
from  those  that  have  already  appeared,  will  fur- 
nish,  I  hope,  an  exact  guide  to  the  students  who 
attend  the  clinical  courses  in  our  hospitals,  and 
to  foreigners  who  desire  to  have  a  precise  re- 
port of  the  practice,  pursued  by  the  physicians 
who  conduct  them.  To  render  it  of  still  farther 
advantage  to  those  who  may  have  left  the  hos- 
pitals, I  have  inserted  the  pharmaceutical  com- 
pounds which  these  physicians  are  in  the  habit 
of  employing  in  their  private  practice,  with  the 
remedies  recently  discovered  by  the  rapid  ad- 
vance of  chemistry,  as  Emetine,  Morphine,  the 
Salts  of  Quinine,  Iodine,  &c.  I  have  profited 
also  by  the  kindness  of  some  distinguished 
practitioners,  not  connected  with  the  hospitals, 
who  have  favoured  me  with  formulae  of  remedies,, 


12  INTRODUCTION, 

which,  from  experience,  they  have  been  led  to 
esteem.  Under  the  title,  lastly,  of  General 
Observations,  I  have  given  succinctly  some  de- 
tails  on  each  hospital,  in  particular,  on  the  na- 
ture of  the  affections  to  which  it  is  appropria- 
ted, and  on  the  doctrines  of  the  medical  gentle- 
men who  direct  it. 

As  all  the  hospitals  do  not  present  the  same 
interest,  I  have  assigned  them  an  unequal  place, 
directing  attention  to  what  each,  in  virtue  of  its 
special  character,  may  offer  as  curious  or  re- 
markable. I  have  indicated  but  once  the  pre- 
parations which  are  the  same,  or  nearly  the 
same,  in  all,  and  have  omitted  those  which, 
being  the  result  of  a  temporary  purpose,  are 
not  established  by  general  usage.  These  for- 
mulae, besides  being  announced  in  full  at  the 
bed  of  the  patient,  can  be  copied  at  the  mo- 
ment, as  well  as  any  modifications  in  the  for- 
mulae already  known. 

Of  the  great  number  of  Formularies  which 
exist,  none  have  been  so  adapted  to  their  object 
as  to  be  of  much  service,  excepting  that  of  the 
Venereal  Hospital,  published  in  1816,  but  which 
has  since  undergone  many  changes.  The  or- 
der I  have  followed  in  this,  I  have  not  deemed 
of  much  importance.  I  have  been  obliged,  in- 
deed,  to  refer  to  an  Appendix,  several  formulae, 
that  I  was  unable  till  late  to  obtain ;  but  the 
alphabetical  table  will  serve  to  facilitate  the  re- 
ferences. In  the  article  entitled  POSOLOGY 
will  be  found  indicated  in  general  the  doses  of 
the  simple  and  compound  medicines.  I  have 


INTRODUCTION.  18 

expressed  the  quantities  in  medical  weights, 
which  alone  are  employed  by  physicians  :  the 
decimal  weights  are  adopted  only  ift  the  ac- 
counts rendered  by  the  head  pharmacians.  I 
have  not  used  the  Latin  translation,  which  has 
been  adopted  in  some,  similar  works,  since  it  is 
the  general  custom  to  prescribe  in  French. 

From  the  nature  of  this  work,  I  am  restrained 
in  the  office  of  historian  ;  but  while,  in  conse- 
quence, I  ought  to  deny  myself  the  expression 
of  my  personal  option,  in  regard  to  the  reme- 
dies, the  composition  and  applications  of  which 
I  do  not  approve,  I  ought  also  to  be  freed  from 
all  responsibility,  except  in  so  far  as  the  accu- 
racy of  the  facts  is  concerned.  It  is  my  duty, 
I  believe,  to  insist  on  this  declaration,  as  an  an- 
swer to  a  malevolent  criticism  addressed  to  me 
at  the  time  of  the  first  edition.  The  physicians 
and  surgeons  of  the  hospitals,  whose  pupil  I  am 
proud  to  have  been,  will  perceive,  I  trust,  in  this 
work  an  homage  paid  to  their  talents,  and  a 
grateful  testimony  for  the  counsel  they  were 
ever  so  willing  to  accord  me. 

Among  the  notes,  I  have  carefully  indicated 
and  preserved  in  their  order,  those  sent  to  me, 
by  several  gentlemen,  in  writing.  In  the  others, 
I  have  often  considered  each  hospital  individu- 
ally, except  when  the  prescription,  common  to 
all  the  physicians  of  the  same  establishment, 
receives  from  any  of  them  a  particular  appli- 
cation. 

This  RECUEIL,  which  at  first  sight  may  seem 
but  a  simple  compilation,  has  exacted,  however, 
2 


14  INTRODUCTION. 

more  labour  and  research  than  will  readily  be 
believed.  May  it  be  received  with  indulgence 
by  those  who  appreciate  a  work  less  for  its  bril- 
liancy, than  for  its  real  utility  ! 

My  object  has  been  to  present,  in  some  de- 
gree, the  state  of  the  medical  practice  in  the 
hospitals  of  Paris, — though  I  dare  not  flatter 
myself  in  having  attained  it. 


GENERAL  OBSERVATIONS 

ON 

THE  HOSPITALS. 


THROUGH  the  care  of  a  benevolent  administration, 
the  Hospitals  of  Paris,  designed  originally  as  asylums 
for  misfortune  arid  suffering,  have  become  the  centre 
of  solid  medical  instruction.  Clinical  schools  are 
formed  on  every  hand,  under  the  auspices  of  the  most 
celebrated  men,  from  whose  lessons  studious  youth 
seek  instruction  with  ardour.  Each  is  seen  using  to 
advantage  the  position  in  which  he  is  placed,  direct- 
ing his  efforts  towards  a  point  which  he  illustrates 
by  ingenious  experiments  and  persevering  research, 
and  thus  powerfully  concurring  to  aid  the  progress 
of  science  and  of  art. 

Pathological  anatomy,  cultivated  with  a  zeal  equal 
to  its  success,  reveals  to  the  physician  both  the  seat 
and  causes  of  disease,  and  suggests  to  him  new 
modes  of  treatment,  or,  at  least,  (which  is  a  high 
advantage,)  points  out  to  him  the  affections  against 
which  he  ought  to  stay  his  attempts,  and  restrict 
himself  to  a  palliative  treatment.  The  Administra- 
tion publishes  annually  a  Medica]  RECUEIL,*  the 


*  This  Recueil  has  yet  appeared  only  once  ;  but  the  causes  that 
have  interrupted  its  publication  are  now  removed,  and  this  excellent 
work,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  will  be  regularly  continued,  (a) 

(a)  Such  was  the  hope  in  1825,  the  date  of  the  first  edition  of  thi». 
Formulary.  Since  then,  however,  there  hat  been  no  publication. 


36  OBSERVATIONS  ON  HOSPITALS. 

result  of  observations  made  in  all  the  hospitals ;  and 
it  encourages,  by  honourable  rewards,  those  of  the 
pupils  who  distinguish  themselves  by  their  assiduity 
and  zeal.*  It  is  by  these  means  that  the  Parisian 
hospitals  have  produced  so  many  men  who  occupy 
now  a  distinguished  place  in  the  medical  world,  and 
of  whom  a  great  number  now  sit,  or  may  aspire  to 
sit,  in  the  chairs  of  the  different  faculties  of  France. 
It  was  on  proceeding  from  the  hospitals  of  the  metro- 
polis, that  Professors  Delpech,  Lallemand,  and  *Du- 
ges,  were  preferred  to  the  charge  of  public  instruc- 
tion, by  the  medical  faculty  of  Montpellier. 

The  numerous  and  useful  changes  made  in  the 
interior  arrangements  of  the  hospitals — the  intro- 
duction into  most  of  them  of  suitable  apparatus,  to 
administer  fumigations,  and  every  variety  of  baths, — 
and  the  public  consultations,  by  which  a  great 
number  of  the  sick  are  attended  at  their  own  homes, 
attest  the  active  solicitude  of  the  Administration  for 
the  relief  of  humanity,  and  the  advancement  of  medi- 
cine, and  place  the  Parisian  hospitals  in  the  first  rank 
among  their  kindred  institutions.  . 

Although  all  the  hospitals  present  certainly  a  field 


*  Into  the  French  hospitals  is  admitted  a  body  of  young  men,  divi- 
ded into  two  classes,  viz*  Eleves  Ezternes,  and  Eleves  Internes. 
They  are  elected  by  (Concours)  comparative  examination,  which  is 
equally  open  to  foreigners  as  to  the  native  students.  The  number  of 
Eleves  Externes  in  Paris  is  150,  who  are  annually  distributed  among 
the  different  hospi-aJs,  as  th<iir  service?  may  be  required.  They  are 
subordinate  to  th«»  EIo"es  'nt?r -iv  n-hose  duties,  though  much  more 
extensive,  resemble,  in  SOIBH  Oc^.eo,  ihose  of  the  house  cler'ts  of  our 
hospitals-  To  aspire  to  the  K.t.e;  office,  the  candidate  must  have 
served  at  least  one  year  in  the  capacity  of  extsrne.  The  El/we  In- 
terne resides  in  the  hospital,  and  receives  a  >ftlary  of  500  francs. 
The  term  of  the  Extemat  is  three  years,  thai  of  the  Internal  two 
years.  A  report  every  six  months  is  made  to  the  Administration  of 
the  conduct  of  the  Eleves,  and  prizes,  consisting  of  medals  or  books, 
are  annually  distributed  to  those  who  have  been  distinguished  for  in- 
telligence and  zeal- — Arrete  du  Conseil  ge  .£ral  des  Hospices,  1802, 
Chap.  VI.  Art.  105.  The  advantages  afforded  by  this  system  to  th« 
student  of  medicine  are  too  obvious  to  be  pointed  out.— Tr. 


HOTEL-DIEF.  17 

• 

of  instruction,  some  of  them,  however,  from  their  ex- 
tent, their  situation,  or  the  clinical  schools  that  are 
organized  in  them,  merit,  both  from  students  and 
strangers,  a  more  special  attention. 


HOTEL-DIEU. 

The  Hotel-Dieu,  the  most  ancient,  and  the  most 
extensive  of  all  the  hospitals  of  Paris,  is  also  the  most 
important,  in  respect  to  the  course  of  clinical  tui- 
tion, of  which  it  is  the  centre.  This  hospital,  where 
formerly  diseases  of  every  kind  were  received  and 
heaped  indiscriminately  together,*  is  now  solely 
appropriated  to  acute  disorders,  whether  internal  or 
external.  Patients  labouring  under  special  affections, 
as  Psora,  Porrigo,  Syphilis,  and  Alienations  of  Mind, 
are  disposed  of  in  the  hospitals  expressly  assigned  for 
them. 

The  surgical  service,  confided  to  the  care  of  MM. 
Dupuytren,  Sanson,  and  Breschet,  is  divided  among 
them  ;  though  the  greater  part  of  it  falls  to  the  share 
of  M.  Dupuytren,  The  duty,  which  he  discharges 
with  a  zeal  and  punctuality  difficult  to  conceive, 
consists  of  a  daily  visit,  morning  and  evening,  gra- 
tuitous consultations,  surgical  operations,  and  clini- 
cal lectures.  I  know  of  nothing  more  fitted  to  afford 
a  just  idea  of  the  practice  and  opinions  of  this  illustri- 
ous surgeon,  than  the  notes  with  which  he  has  so 
obligingly  furnished  me. 

"  The  removal  of  the  houses  in  the  vicinity  of  the 


*  It  was  not  uncommon  for  six  patients  to  be  crowded  in  one  bed* 
In  the  Hotel-Diou  at  Lyons,  Mr-  Howard,  in  his  visit  in  1775,  found 
two  patients  in  many  of  the  beds,  and  not  one  window  open — the  me- 
dical gentlemen,  he  observes,  as  well  as  the  charitable  sisters,  (Saurs 
de  ChariU^  being  prejudiced  against  the  free  circulation  of  air.  In 
some  hospitals  also  of  this  country,  there  was  at  one  time  permitted 
a  plurality  of  patients  in  the  same  bed — Tr. 

2* 


18  HOTEL-DIEU. 

H6tel-Dieu, — the  exposure  of  this  building1  to  a  free 
circulation  of  air, — the  suppression  of  wards  deemed 
insalubrious, — the  improvement  of  others  by  redu- 
cing the  number  of  beds,  and  extending  the  windows 
nearly  to  the  floor, — ?endii!g  co  other  establishments 
the  insane,  the  old  and  infirm,  lying-in  women,  and 
those  affected  with  contagious  01  cuianeous  diseases, 
— the  choice  and  abundance  of  every  thing  requisite 
for  bed-clotning,  dressings,  aliments,  an.l  medicines, 
— with  the  order  and  regularity  established  in  all  the 
services,  have  made  the  Kotel-Dieu  one  of  the  most 
healthy  hospitals  of  the  capital.  The  sight  and  smell 
are  no  longer  offended  as  formerly.  The  adynamic 
fevers  are  scarcely  now  met  with,  which  a  concen- 
trated atmosphere,  charged  with  putrid  miasm,  used 
to  develope  in  such  numbers,  that  corrupted  hospital 
air  is  not  now  generated ;  and  M.  Dupuytren  has 
oftener  than  once  been  obliged  to  close  his  course  of 
clinical  surgery  without  being  able  to  offer  to  his  stu- 
dents one  example  of  that  fever.  The  operation  of 
the  Trepan,  practised  in  cases  where  its  necessity 
is  indicated,  and  in  circumstances  not  beyond  all  re- 
source, succeeds  as  well  as  other  operations,  and  its 
occasional  failure  is  to  be  imputed  to  analogous  rea- 
sons. 

"•  On  the  other  hand,  and  probably  from  the  effect 
of  the  care  taken  to  facilitate  the  access  of  air  into 
the  hospital,  to  renew  it,  and  promote  its  circulation 
through  the  wards,  we  observe  now  a  great  number 
of  inflammatory  affections  ;*  so  that,  in  avoiding 
one  evil,  we  have  necessarily  fallen,  as  it  were,  into 


*  As  bearing  some  reference  to  the  causes  assigned  by  M.  Dupuytren 
for  the  increase  of  inflammatory  diseases,  it  may  be  mentioned,  thats 
in  the  Royal  Infirmary  of  Edinburgh,  it  has  been  observed  that 
catarrhal  affections  are  very  common  among  recently  admitted  pa- 
tients, the  consequence,  in  all  probability,  of  their  remov  al  from  theif 
own  close  and  heated  homes  into  the  cooler  air  of  an  hotpital 


HOTEL-DIET;.  19 

another.  If,  in  fact,  we  do  not  find  any  longer  the 
putrid  and  malignant  fevers,  an  offensive  atmosphere, 
&c<  we  find  Pleuritis,  Pneumonia,  and  Peritonitis, 
which  last  are  the  causes  of  death  in  the  majority  of 
patients,  who  sink  in  the  surgical  wards.  All  the 
bodies  of  th^e-who  have  died  for  six  years  past  in 
these  wards  have  been  opened  without  one  excep- 
tion, and  we  have  been  able  to  convince  ourselves 
that,  as  Desault  often  affirmed,  without  being  able 
to  furnish  the  proof,  the  most  of  those  who  die 
during  the  treatment  of  surgical  maladies,  sink  from 
internal  inflammations,  which,  in  general,  are  to  the 
number  of  two,  three,  or  four,  in  the  same  subject. 

"  This  circumstance  has  not  been  unattended  to 
in  the  treatment  of  surgical  diseases.  Diluents  and 
refrigerants  have  taken,  in  almost  all  cases,  the  place 
of  tonics.  The  use  of  the  lancet  and  leeches  has 
superseded  that  of  excitants  and  stimulants.  Among 
nearly  three  thousand  patients  who  ar^  received  and 
treated  annually  in  the  surgical  wards,  scarcely  one 
pound  of  cinchona  is  administered  internally,  while 
a  few  pounds  serve  for  external  use. 

"  Fractures  are  almost  all  treated  by  position  ;* — 
some,  such  as  those  of  the  neck  of  the  femur,  and 
neck  of  the  humerus,  by  this  method  alone ;  others 
by  position,  assisted  by  apparatus  intended  rather  to 
prevent  the  movements  than  to  act  with  force  upon 
the  limbs.  Continual  extension  is  not  had  recourse 
to  in  any  case.  The  frightful  machinery  for  the  re- 
duction of  fractures  and  luxations  has  been  banish- 


*  At  the  hospital  of  the  Garde  Royale,  rather  a  singular  method 
has  been  adopted  by  Baron  Larrey,  in  regard  to  the  treatment  of  com- 
pound fractures.  The  limb,  in  a  "state  of  extension,  is  allowed  to  re- 
main in  the  bandages,  as  at  first  applied,  for  a  period  of  forty,  fifty, 
or  even  sixty  days.  This  practice,  it  seems,  has  been  very  successful, 
and  has  not,  as  might  be  feared,  been  attended  with  any  injurious 
results.  For  some  interesting  cases  illustrative  of  Baron  Larrcy's 
'reatment,  see  "La  Cliniguc  dcs  Hopitauv,"  1828,  Vol.  II — TV- 


20  HOTEL-DIEU. 

ed,  and  has  given  place  to  milder  methods.  Cases 
of  Hernia  are  subjected  to  operation  on  the  admission 
of  the  patients.  The  operations  for  Cataract  are 
performed  by  depression,  and  at  the  bed  of  the  pa- 
tients, by  which  is  obviated  the  inconvenience  of 
their  removal  after  the  operation.  •  • 

"  The  mortality  is  reduced,  in  a  common  year, 
to  1  in  18,  19,  and  20.  The  operation  for  Stone 
is  successful  in  |  of  the  cases ;  the  operation  for 
Hernia  in  J  ;  that  for  Cataract  in  1 ;  that  for  Fistula 
Lachrymalis,  by  the  introduction  of  the  gold  or 
platinum  canula,  in  19." — (JVbfe  communicated  by 
Professor  Dupiiytren.) 

Intrusted  with  separate  charge,  MM  Breschet 
and  Sanson,  independently  of  the  visits,  give  courses 
on  different  clinical  branches,  and  ably  support  the 
exertions  of  their  distinguished  colleague.  When 
different  methods  of  treatment  come  to  be  proposed 
for  the  same  affection,  each  of  the  surgeons  adopts 
one  of  them  specially,  in  or.'er  to  establish  a  com- 
parative test  of  their  efficacy.  Thus,  in  the  opera- 
tion of  Lithotomy,  M.  Dupuytren  operates  by  the 
Bi  -lateral  method,*  M.  Breschet  by  the  Lateral,  and 
M.  Sansori  by  the  Recto- vesical. 


formed  by  M.  Dupuy- 
three, four,  or   five 


*  The  bi-lateral  or  transverse  operation,  as  per 

tren,  consists  in  a  semicircular  incision,  made  tree,  our,  or  ve 
lines  before  the  anus,  according  to  circumstances,  and  extending 
from  left  to  right  parallel  to  the  circumference  of  the  anus.  The 
urethra  is  opened,  and  the  lithotome  introduced  as  in  'he  Interal 
operation.  The  lithotome  used  by  M.  Dupuytren  is  constructed  with 
a  double  blade.  As  an  advantage  of  this  operation.,  ii  is  said,  that 
while  equal  space  is  afforded,  there  is  less  hazard  of  wounding  the 
pudic  arteries.  In  the  recto  vesical  method,  the  index  finger  of  the 
left  hand  is  introduced  into  the  rectum,  serving  as  the  director  to  the 
blade  of  a  straight  bislovry.  At  one  stroke  an  incision  is  then  made 
from  behind  forwards,  in  the  direction  of  the  raphe.  and  embracing 
about  an  inch  equally  of  the  intest-  ie  and  of  theruphe.  The  prostate 
gland  is  then  felt,  with  the  membranous  portion  of  the  urethra  and 
the  catheter. 

The  high  operation  has,  for  the  last  two  years,  been  practised  in 


HOTEL-I>IEU.  21 

Beside*  the  course  of  clinical  surgery,  there  is 
also  at  the  H&tel-Dieu  a  course  of  clinical  medicine, 
which  the  physicians  of  the  establishment,  each 
quarter,  alternately  conduct.  The  physicians  are 
MM.  Recamier,*  Petit,  Husson,  Gueneau  deMussy, 
Boue,  de  Montaigu,  and  Geoffroy. 

M.  Recamier,  one  of  the  most  zealous  practitioners 
of  the  capital,  is  remarkable  for  the  sagacity  he  evin- 
ces in  recognising  diseases,  and  their  different  com- 
plications ;  for  the  accuracy  of  his  prognostic,  and  for 
the  ability  with  which  he  manages  the  infinitely  va- 
ried resources  of  the  materia  medica.  In  the  midst 
of  systems,  rapidly  succeeding  each  other  in  medi- 
cine, he  gives  to  none  of  them  an  absolute  preference, 
but  borrows  from  each  what  his  own  judgment  ap- 
proves, or  so  far  as  it  may  promise  to  confer  some  ad- 
vantage. Passing  alternately  from  an  '  expecting'^ 


Paris  by  MM.  Souberbielle  and  Bougon,  and  excited  much  discussion 
as  a  question  of  operative  surgery.  By  means  of  a  syphon,  com- 
posed of  two  elastic  Bounds  of  unequal  size,  the  one  being  intended  to 
enter  the  other,  M.  Souberbielle  affirms  that  he  can  always  succeed 
in  preventing  the  escape  of  the  urine  by  the  wound,  the  chief  objection 
against  the  operation  This  fact,  however,  has  been  disputed  by  M. 
Amussat,  a  gentleman  well  known  for  his  attention  to  the  anatomy 
and  diseases  ef  the  urinary  organs. 

The  Lithotrite  of  M.  Civiale,  an  instrument  invented  for  the  pur- 
pose of  extracting  calculi  by  the  urethra,  and  rendering  recourse  to 
the  common  operations  less  seldom  necessary,  has  not  yet  been  em- 
ployed in  any  of  the  hospitals.  In  1828,  while  the  Translator  was 
in  Paris,  M.  Civiale  had  used  this  instrument  in  30  different  cases,  in 
25  of  which,  by  the  report  given,  he  was  successful.  The  remaining 
five  were  still  under  treatment.  Some  alterations  have  since  been 
made  on  the  Lithotrite  of  Civiale  by  M.  le  Baroa  Heurteloup,  who 
is  now  on  a  visit  to  this  country  to  exhibit  his  improved  instrument, 
and  its  modus  operandi  ;  and  who  has  lately  used  it  in  London 
with  considerable  success.  For  farther  information  on  the  subject  of 
Litbotrity,  the  reader  is  referred  to  two  papers  in  the  Lancet.  Nos. 
317,  320.— TV. 

*  Since  the  new  organization  of  the  Papulty,  M.  Recamier  is  Pro- 
fessor of  Clinical  Medicine  in  the  School  of  Medicine,  and  no  longer 
of  that  founded  by  the  Administration. 

t  The  practice,  of  which  this  te«fc  expresses  the  character,  has  not 
unfrequently  been  brought  forward  in  accusation  against  the  French, 
to  whom,  perhaps,  it  is  more  neowiar-than  to  ourselves,  The  epithe'; 


22  HOTEL-DIEU. 

practice  to  the  most  energetic,  he  leaves  in  great' 
embarrassment  those  who  would  form  an  exact  idea, 
of  his  doctrine.  Like  all  the  other  physicians  of  the 
hospitals,  he  devotes  himself  to  researches  in  patho- 
logical anatomy,  and  materia  medica,  by  which  he 
has  not  a  little  contributed  to  the  progress  of  science. 
M.  Recamieris  at  present  engaged  with  some  inqui- 
ries on  the  treatment  of  cancer,  by  means  of  compres- 
sion. He  denies  the  existence  of  a  primitive  cancer- 
ous virus,  and  thinks  that  cancer  is,  at  first, but  a  local 
affection,  and  that  there  i&  no  general  contamination, 
until  the  products  of  the  degenerated  part,  imbibed 
by  the  absorbents,  are  conveyed  into  the  circulating 
current!  Setting  out  on  this  principle,  he  seeks  the 
reduction  of  cancerous  tumours.  b\  compressingtnera 
by  means  which  he  varies  according  to  the  seat  of  the 
affection.  He  treats  in  this  way  cancer  of  the  mam- 
ma, the  uterus,  and  the  mouth.  When  there  is  ul- 
ceration  and  cancerous  vegetations,  to  compression 
he  conjoins  the  cautery,  using  the  nitrate  of  mercu- 
ry dissolved  in  the  nitric  or  nitro-muriatic  acids. 
His  agent  of  compression  is  eommonlv  the  agaric  cut 
into  disks,  and  disposed  in  cuneiform  or  elongated 
plugs,  which  are  then  placed  between  the  folds  of  a 
bandage.  He  proceeds  even  to  remove,  by  ligature 
or  excision,  the  carcinomatous  growths  which  op- 
pose the  application  of  a  compressing  bandage.  M. 
Recamier  speaks  with  enthusiasm  of  the  good  effects 
of  this  treatment. 

Of  the  opinions  of  the  other  physicians  of  the  H6- 
tel-Dieu,  it  is  easier  to  give  an  outline,  since  they  are 


denotes  that  practice  in  which  the  physician,  trusting  to  the  conserva- 
tive powers  of  nature,  is  con  ent  to  watch  her  movements,  and  ab- 
stain from  interfering  with  officious  aid.  In  cases  where  the  indica- 
tion is  not  clear,  this  course  is  pretty  generally  followed,  and  if  too 
much  be  not  expected  at  the  hands  of  Nature,  the  error,  if  there  b© 
one,  has  at  le&etthe  merit  of  leaning  to  the  safer  side.— Tr 


HOSPITAL  OF  LA  PITIE.  23 

divided,  though  unequally,  between  the  ancient  me- 
dical doctrine  and  that  which  appears  to  be  supplant- 
ing it.  MM.  de  Montaigu,  Petit, Boue,  and  Geoffroy, 
seem  on  one  side  to  have  retained  in  their  practice 
the  old  ideas  in  regard  to  the  humoral  doctrine,  and 
the  opinions  of  Brown  on  the  use  of  stimulants  and 
tonics;  arid  they  support  themselves  by  theories 
more  or  less  plausible,  and  by  a  show  of  their  prac- 
tical results.  M.  Hussou,  on  the  other  hand,  adopt- 
ing the  principles  of  the  leader  of  physiological  me- 
dicine, appears  even  to  go  beyond  the  limits  origi- 
nally prescribed  by  their  author.  Employing,  in  al- 
most all  cases,  local  or  general  blood-letting,  demul- 
cents, diluents,  and  baths,  with  a  strict  attention  to 
diet,  he  includes,  in  a  complete  proscription,  the 
most  of  the  other  therapeutic  agents,  and  success  has 
confirmed  him  in  that  practice,  which  he  has  now 
followed  for  several  years.* 

HOSPITAL  OF  LAPITIE.f 

This  house  is  supplementary,  in  some  measure,  to 
the  H6tel-Dieu  and  Venereal  Hospital  To  it  are 
sent  convalescents,  and  those  patients  who,  afflicted 
with  chronic  complaints,  wait  there,  till  permanently 


*  Such  was  the  practice  of  M.  Husson  when  the  first  edition  of  thig 
work  was  published-  Since  that  time  he  has  been  led  to  adopt  par- 
tially the  doctrine  of  contra-stimulism. 

t  It  is  only  at  the  Hospital  of  La  Piti6  that  opportunities  have  ai 
yet  betn  afforded  of  witnessing  the  excision  of  the  neck  of  the  uterus. 
In  1828,  M  Listranc  stated  to  the  Royal  Academy  of  Medicme,  that 
be  had  performed  this  operation  on  36  individuals  for  cancer  uteri- 
Of  that  number  30  were  then  well,  three  dead,  and  three  in  progress 
of  recovery  One  female,  operated  on  some  years  before,  had  since 
become  pregnant,  and' recently  given  birth  to  twins.  Lately  Ht  the 
Hotel-Dieu  the  entire  uterus  has  been  removed  by  M  Rccamier;  and 
in  September  last,  this  formidable  operation  was  performed  at  La 
Charite  by  M.  Roux.  The  patient  died  24  houri  after  the  opera- 
tion.— Tr. 


ti4  HOSPITAL  OF  LA  PITIK. 

placed  in  some  hospice.  One  division  is  reserved 
for  female  prostitutes  affected  with  syphilis.  The 
service  of  this  is  altogether  distinct  from  the  rest  of 
the  establishment,  of  which  the  chief  surgeon  is  M. 
Lisfranc  de  Saint  Martin,  who  has  succeeded  the 
learned  and  laborious  Beclard,  and  who  shows  no 
less  zeal  for  the  progress  of  surgery.  We  are  indebt- 
ed to  M.  Lisfranc  for  having  demonstrated,  that  in 
many  cases  where  cutting  instruments  were  former- 
ly employed,  medical  treatment  may  restore  the  pa- 
tients to  health,  and  preserve  the  organs  of  which 
too  great  a  predilection  for  operative  surgery  would 
have  deprived  them.  He  has  been  among  the  first 
to  introduce  the  physiological  doctrine  into  surgery, 
and  to  show  that  many  of  the  affections  called  sur- 
gical depend  on  chronic  inflammations,  reducible  by 
the  antiphlogistic  treatment.* 


*  Connected  with  La  Pitie,  and  under  the  Administration  des  Ho- 
pitaux,  is  the  great  public  establishment  for  practical  anatomy.  The 
officers  attached  to  it  are  a  Chef  des  Travauz  Anatomiques^  (M. 
Serres,)  and  two  Prosecteurs-  It  is  understood  that  they  give  occa- 
sional lectures  and  demonstrations,  a  part  of  their  duty,  however,  that 
is  not  very  punctually  performed  The  Prosecteurs  also  personally 
superintend  the  rooms,  and  communicate  any  information  the  students 
may  require. 

The  Amphitheatres  of  La  Pitie  are  supplied  with  subjects  chiefly 
from  the  hospitals  of  H6tel-I)ieu  and  La  Sdlpetriere.  In  the  disposal 
of  the  subjects,  the  following  order  is  observed  :  —  To  the  chef  des  tre- 


siuueiiis.  r-iucii  interne  aim  exierue  is  anoweu  one  suojeci  a.  ween, 
for  which  they  pay  three  francs,  whether  the  body  be  opened  or  not. 
The  students  are  supplied  with  subjects  according  as  they  stand  on  a 
list,  on  which  their  names  are  entered.  The  price  of  an  unopened 
subject  to  the  student  is  six  francs,  and  three  francs  if  opened.  The 
prosecteurs,  it  would  seem,  are  not  closely  restricted  in  the  number  of 
bodies,  and  from  this  have  taken  an  opportunity  to  give  private  courses 
of  dissection.  The  term  of  these  courses  is  monthly,  a  very  con- 
venient arrangement  for  those  whose  time  may  be  limited.  Four  are 
required  to  occupy  a  table,  each  of  whom  pays  25  francs  to  the  pro- 
secteur,  who  furnishes  them  with  the  room,  table,  and  four  unopened 
subjects.  There  is  a  suite  of  four  or  five  private  rooms  at  La  Pitie, 
which  are  used  for  this  purpose,  and  to  a  foreigner,  at  least,  it  is  cer- 
tainly the  preferable  mode  of  prosecuting  bis  anatomical  studies  in 


HOSPITAL  OF  LA  CHARITE.  4 

The  physicians  of  La  Pitie  are  Dr.  Series,  known 
by  some  curious  works  on  general  and  pathological 
anatomy,  and  experimental  physiology,  and  Dr. 
Bally,  who  has  directed  his  researches  to  different 
subjects  of  materia  medica  and  therapeutics.  The 
observations  of  M.  Bally  have  been  consigned  to 
different  periodical  works,  and  in  this  Formulary 
will  be  found  the  results  that  may  be  likely  to  interest 
the  reader. 

HOSPITAL  OF  LA  CHARIT^. 

This  hospital,  considerably  enlarged,  and  newly 
provided  with  the  apparatus  necessary  for  all  the 
varieties  of  baths  and  fumigations,  is  considered  as 
the  second  hospital  of  Paris.  The  service  of  the 


Paris.  The  prosecteur,  as  may  be  supposed,  is  more  attentive  to  his 
own  private  courses,  and  more  ready,  when  there  is  occasion,  to  di- 
rect or  explain. 

The  only  other  public  establishment  in  Paris  for  dissection  is  the 
Ecole  Pratique^  which  is  under  the  control  of  the  School  of  Medicine. 
It  is  supplied  wiih  subjects  from  La  Charite,  the  Bicetre,  and  Hospice 
de  Perfectionnement  There  is  also  here  a  Chef  des  Travaux  JJna- 
tomiques,  (M.  Breschet,)  six  Prosecteurs,  and  a  number  of  Elevcs, 
all  of  whom  have  a  preference  ove,r  the  students.  Foreigners  are  not 
admitted  to  the  Ecole  Pratique,  unelss  they  inscribe,  although  this 
rule  is  not  always  strictly  enforced.  The  sum  paid  for  a  subject  is 
ten  francs.  The  Ecole  Pratique  being  in  the  close  vicinity  of  the 
School  of  Medicine,  is  extremely  convenient  for  those  who  attend  trie 
lectures  given  there,  and  is  less  distant  also  than  La  Pitie  from  the  two 
great  hospitals  of  La  Charite  and  Hotel- Dieu 

While  speaking  of  La  Pitie  and  the  Ecole  Pratique,  it  would  be 
improper  not  to  notice  the  courses  of  surgical  operations  given  at  both 
these  places.  At  the  former,  M.  Lisfranc  gives  two  courses  annually, 
and  the  prosecteurs  give  shorter  ones,  as  often  as  a  sufficient  number 
of  students  is  collected  to  form  a  class.  The  student  sees  each  opera- 
tion performed  before  him,  and  has  an  opportunity  of  performing  it 
twice  himself.  The  fee  for  a  course  is  generally  25  francs.  None 
who  duly  appreciate  the  advantages  of  practical  proficiency  can  doubt 
the  importance  of  this  branch  of  surgical  education,  a  branch  which 
lias  contributed  much  to  the  merited  celebrity  of  the  French  surgeons, 
but  which,  from  various  causes,  has  been,  and  we  fear  will  continue 
to  be.  impracticable  in  this  country. —  Tr- 
3 


36  HOSPITAL  OF  LA  CHARITE. 

surgical  wards  is  confided  to  the  care  of  MM.  the 
Professors  Boyer  and  Roux,  appointed  by  the  Fa- 
culty of  Medicine,  the  one  to  the  lectures  on  clini- 
cal surgery,  the  other,  to  the  course  of  operative 
medicine.  The  physicians  are  MM.  Fouquier  and 
Lerminier.  M.  Chomel,  to  whom  belongs  the  duty 
of  one  of  the  clinical  wards  and  the  gratuitous  con- 
sultation, is  at  present  relieved  by  the  temporary 
substitution  of  M.  Rayer,  a  gentleman  well  known 
to  the  public  by  his  valuable  work  on  the  Diseases 
of  the  Skin.* 

M.  Fouquier,  since  the  renewal  of  the  faculty 
has  called  him  to  the  chair  of  medical  pathology, 
does  not,  properly  speaking,  give  any  longer  clinical 
lectures,  b<it  he  continues  to  explain  at  the  bed-side 
of  each  patient  the  causes  and  symptoms  of  his  dis- 
ease, to  Deliver  the  diagnosis  and  prognosis,  and  to 
indicate  the  motives  and  ground  of  treatment. 

M.  Fouquier,  whose  lectures  are  numerously  at- 
tended, exhibits  in  his  practice  that  prudent  tempori- 
sing, which  leaves  something  to  the  conservative  ef- 
forts of  nature,  while  he  shows,  too,  that  prompt  deci- 
sion which  checks  or  modifies  any  vicious^  tendency, 
and  rescues  the  patient  from  danger,  or  from  certain 
death.  In  his  prognosis,  he  is  extremely  guarded, 
never  stating  it  till  after  a,  mature  examination,  a 
rule  which  also  very  generally  insures  the  accuracy 
of  his  diagnosis.  Far  from  seeking  to  dazzle  by  a 
pretended  perspicacity  which  would  divine,  as  it 
were,  at  a  glance,  the  nature  of  disease,  he  instructs 
his  pupils,  on  the  contrary,  to  bestow  in  the  investi- 
gation of  disease  that  minute  attention,  and  prudent 
delay,  which  conduct  us  either  to  positive  results, 
or  at  least  enable  us  to  avoid  those  errors  which 


*  Traite  theorique  at  pratique  des  Maladies  de  la  Peau,  fonde  sur 
de  nouvelles  recherches  d'anatomie  et  de  physiologie  paihologiques. 
Paris,  1626-27.  2  roll,  in  80,  avec  de  tres-belles  planches  colorieci- 


HOSPITAL  OP  LA  CHARITE.  %1 

compromise  the  dignity  of  the  art.  His  application 
of  therapeutics  is  simple  and  rational,  and  if  he  some- 
times gives  way  to  experiment,  it  is  with  that  cau- 
tion, which  a  sense  of  honour,  and  the  responsibility 
resting  on  the  physician,  always  impose. 

An  absolute  stranger  to  the  spirit  of  systems,  and 
following  the  path  traced  by  observation  and  experi- 
ment, it  is  long  since  M.  Fouquier  has  marked,  in 
his  practical  courses,  the  frequency  of  inflammations, 
and  the  necessity  of  insisting  on  the  antiphlogi&tic 
treatment,  even  after  they  have  passed  into  the 
chronic  state.  He  had  also  taught  that  the  essential 
fevers  of  the  ancients  were  very  often  the  symptoms 
of  an  unsuspected  inflammation,  though  he  believes, 
however,  that  essential  fevers  exist,  that  is  to  say, 
fevers  in  which  the  state  of  excitement  is  general, 
and  does  not  manifest  itself  in  any  part  so  predomi- 
nantly as  to  be  considered  the  local  cause  of  that 
phenomenon.  It  is  long  also  since  he  stood  forth 
against  the  abuse  ,  of  tonics  and  stimulants  in  the 
treatment  of  acute  diseases  :  he  does  not  believe, 
however,  that  the  gangrenous  inflammation  of  the  in- 
testines and  skin,  which  manifests  itself  in  the  adyna- 
mic  fever,  and  in  anthrax,  is  of  the  same  nature,  and 
claims  the  same  curative  means,  as  the  free  inflamma- 
tion of  the  same  parts  which  constitues  dysentery 
and  erysipelas. 

In  many  diseases,  M.  Fouquier  follows  a  particu- 
lar method:  in  the  colica  pictonum,  for  example, 
he  has  thought  it  proper  to  leave  the  common  path, 
and  has  instituted  a  treatment,  the  efficacy  of  which 
long  experience  has  demonstrated.  In  some  of  the 
hospitals,  several  of  his  colleagues  have  pursued  a 
similar  course. — Acute  rheumatism  he  considers  as 
an  inflammation,  and  treats  it  accordingly ;  but  he 
prefers  the  application  of  leeches  and  cataplasms*, 
aided  by  slightly  diaphoretic  drinks,  and  tepid  bathe, 
to  the  detraction  of  blood  from  the  veins,  which  i& 


28  HOSPITAL  OF  LA  CHARITE. 

cluces,  in  his  opinion,  a  tedious  convalescence.  This 
method  has  frequently  succeeded  with  him  against 
chronic  rheumatism  of  the  joints,  in  which  a  kind 
of  anchylosis  had  taken  place.  In  the  neuralgias* 
he,  in  general,  directs  at  first  the  detraction  of  blood 
either  from  the  veins  or  capillaries,  which  he  follows 
with  blisters,  applied,  not  (as  Cotugno  advises) 
along  the  course  of  the  affected  nerve,  but  on  the 
opposite  part  of  the  limb. 

The  number  of  nervous  diseases,  so  considerable  to 
those  who  observe  superficially,  is  much  diminished 
by  the  practitioner  who  seeks,  as  far  as  possible,  to 
attach  each  series  of  symptoms  to  the  lesion  of  some 
organ.  In  spite,  however,  of  the  reduction  thus 
made,  the  affections  to  which  we  are  forced  to  apply 
the  appellation  of  nervous,  are  still  sufficiently  nu- 
merous. M.  Fouquier  admits  the  existence  of  diseases 
purely  nervous,  in  other  words,  in  which  our  means 
of  investigation  have  not,  hitherto,  discovered  any 
material  lesion  to  which  we  can  connect  them.  This 
opinion  he  professes  relative  to  asthma,  which,  by 
M.  Rostan  of  La  Salpetriere,  is  regarded  as  depend- 
ing on  aneurism  of  the  heart. 

It  is  in  the  treatment  of  nervous  diseases,  such  as 
epilepsy,  hysteria,  and  hypochondriasis,  that  he 
makes  trial  of  the  extracts  of  the  virose  plants,  as 
hyosciamus,  belladonna,  lactuca  virosa,  &,c. ;  and 
some  substances  less  known,  as  the  distilled. water 
of  the  lauro-cerisus,  and  the  hydrocyanic  acid. 

The  hydropic  diseases  M.  Fouquier  has  made  the 
subject  of  particular  study,  arid  he  has  entered  into 
many  researches  on  the  action  of  diuretics,  of  which, 
it  may  be  here  stated,  without  anticipating  what  M. 


*  This  term  has   been   applied  by  Professor  Chaussier  to  that 
order  of  diseases  comprehending  the  painful  affections  of  nerves.  — 


IIO-SFLTAL  OF  LA  CHARITE.  2§ 

Fouquier  may  hereafter  intend  to  publish,  he  has  car- 
ried the  doses  much  farther  than  the  generality  of 
practitioners.  More  recently,  after  the  experiments 
of  Dr.  Segalas,  he  has  tried  the  uree,  respecting 
which  he  has  remarked  a  very  energetic  action  on 
the  mechanism  of  the  urinary  secretion. 

With  regard  to  the  venereal  disease,  M.  Fouquier 
professes  no  peculiar  opinion  :  He  employs  in  gene- 
ral, after  having  combated  all  the  local  symptoms, 
by  the  ordinary  resources,  the  mercurial  pill,  without 
the  admixture  of  soap  that  enters  into  the  pills  of 
Sidillot  ;*  he  administers,  too,  the  liquor  of  Van 
Swieten,  and  concurs  with  M.  Cullerier  in  thinking, 
that  the  statements  made  against  this  medicine  are 
unfounded.  He  disbelieves,  especially,  that  it  tends 
to  produce  pulmonary  phthisis,  or  that  it  hastens  the 
developement  of  that  disease  in  the  subjects  that  are 
predisposed  to  it. 

The  original  predisposition  to  tuberculous  or  can- 
cerous affections,  has  been  the  subject  of  numerous 
controversies.  M.  Fouquier  admits  the  existence 
of  this  predisposition,  though  it  may  be  possible  to 
escape  it,  and  that  the  diseases  to  which  it  usually 
leads  can,  in  general,  arise  from  accidental  causes. 

In  the  aneurisms  of  the  heart  and  large  vessels,  his 
treatment  consists  in  local  or  general  blood-letting. 
He  has  recourse  more  commonly  to  the  latter,  in  or- 
der to  reduce  the  vascular  system,  and  he  repeats  it 
according  to  the  facility  with  which  the  loss  of  blood 
is  repaired.  He  continues  this  remedy  through  the 


*  The  mercurial  pill  here  alluded  to  is  formed  of  what  the  French 
rm  Conguent  Napolitain,  which  consists  of  equal  parts  of  mercurj 


•30  HOSPITAL  OF  LA  (JHARITE. 

whole  term  of  the  disease,  and  has  often  seen  vene- 
section restore,  so  to  speak,  patients  nearly  on  the 
point  of  suffocation.  These  evacuations,  far  from 
favouring  the  increase  of  the  symptomatic  anasarca, 
seem,  on  the  contrary,  to  facilitate  the  absorption 
of  the  effused  fluids,  and  to  promote  the  action  of 
diuretics.  When  this  resolution  is  long  of  taking 
place,  and  the  distension  of  the  skin  is  considerable, 
M.  Fouquier  makes  several  punctures  with  a  lancet 
sufficiently  deep  to  reach  the  web  of  the  cellular  tis- 
sue, which  procures  a  rapid  diminution  of  the  swelling, 
Long  experience  has  assured  him  that  there  is  no 
reason  to  apprehend  gangrene,  as  some  authors 
have  affirmed,  but  he  considers  it  indispensable  to 
divide  the  skin  completely,  in  place  of  dividing 
merely  the  epidermis.  To  these  means  he  conjoins  a 
low  regimen,  diuretics  to  arrest  the  progress  of  in- 
filtration, and,  finally,  some  preparations  of  squill 
and  digitalis,  which  are  considered  both  as  diuretics, 
and  as  fitted,  by  acting  on  the  sensibility  of  the. 
heart,  to  diminish  the  energy  of  its  contractions 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  M.  Fonquier,  from  the 
pressure  of  his  public  duties,  and  extensive  practice, 
has  as  yet  published  only  a  very  few  memoirs.  To 
those,  however,  who  attend  clinical  lectures,  he  has 
made  known  the  results  of  his  labours  on  different 
points  of  practical  medicine,  and  of  his  researches  on 
several  medicinal  substances,  on  the  mix  vomica,  ace- 
tate of  lead,  the  extracts  of  hemlock,  belladonna, 
hyosciamus,  stramonium,  lactuca  virosa,  rhus  radi- 
cans,  the  distilled  water  of  the  lauro  -census,  and 
the  prussic  acid-— researches  of  which  some  have  been 
already  published,  and  others  will  shortly  be  present' 
ed  to  the  Royal  Academy  of  Medicine. 

The  colleague  of  M,  Fouquier,  in  the  medical  de-' 
partment  of  the  hospital,  is  M.  Lerminier,  to  whom 
I  am  indebted  for  the  following  note,  in  which  a 
general  sketch  of  his  medical  views  is  presented. 


itospriAL  OF  LA  CHAiUT£»  131 

u  1  treat  the  continued  fevers  by  simple  diluents,  so 
long  as  no  precise  indication  presents  itself  to  fulfil. 
If  there  exist  an  assemblage  of  inflammatory  symp- 
toms, and  a  plethoric  habit,  I  prescribe  general  bleed- 
ing, and  if  any  part  be  threatened  with  congestions 
of  blood,  I  divert  their  formation  by  the  application 
of  leeches.  It  is  these  various  congestions  which 
engage  especially  my  attention  in  the  course  offerers. 
I  have  often,  for  example,  placed  leeches  with  advan- 
tage on  the  neck  or  behind  the  ears,  even  at  an  ad. 
vanced  period  of  severe  fevers,  and  when  a  state  of 
adynamia  was  well  marked. 

"  Whenever  diarrhoea  is  severe,  I  moderate  or  sus- 
pend it  by  the  application  of  leeches  to  the  anus, 
Often,  after  this,  we  see  the  stupor  disappear,  and  the 
powers  revive.  But  when  there  exists  a  real  ady- 
namia, I  have  recourse  to  tonics,  revulsives,  &c., 
and  the  aqueous  infusion  of  quinquina  is  the  prepa- 
ration I  commonly  make  use  of.  When  I  observe 
that  aggregate  of  symptoms  denominated  bilious,  I 
do  not  hesitate  to  employ  emetics  ;  in  abridging  the 
course  of  the  malady,  they  are  extremely  useful. 

"  In  intermittent  fevers,  I  cannot  but  speak  in 
praise  of  the  sulphate  of  quinine,  except  in  a  few  ca- 
ses where  it  appeared  to  me  to  occasion  some  acci- 
dents in  the  nervous  system. 

"  I  combat  acute  rheumatism  by  genern !  bleedings, 
which  I  frequently  repeat,  until  the  i;  rlammatory 
crust  on  the  blood  has  entirely  disappeared,  or  has 
become  less  prominent.  Leeches,  in  rheumatism, 
alleviate  greatly  the  pain  in  the  part  to  which  they 
are  applied,  but  we  find  it,  at  the  same  time,  to  re-ap- 
pear elsewhere  ;  which  is  not  the  case  in  opening  a 
vein.  «. 

"  I  have  often  promoted  the  resolution  of  certain 
pulmonic  inflammations  which  had  a  tendency  to  pass 
into  the  chronic  state,  by  substituting  for  simple  de- 
mulcents, light  tonics,  more  particularly  the  decoc- 


&&          HOSPICE  DE  LA 

tion  of  polygala,  and  the  lohochs  of  the  Kernies? 
mineral. 

"  In  the  metallic  colics,  I  follow,  in  all  its  extentr 
the  old  treatment  of  the  Peres  de  la  Charite,*  and 
have  employed  it  with  success,  even  in  cases  where 
a  febrile  movement  was  distinctly  marked." 

HOSPICE  DE  LA  CLINIQUE  INTERNE.f 

This  hospice  is  set  apart  to  the  teaching  of  clini- 
cal  medicine,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Faculty  of 
Medicine.  Two  professors  of  the  Faculty,  MM 
Cayol  and  Chomel,  take  the  service  by  rotation. 
Each,  however,  during  the  period  in  which  he  is 
not  officiating,  continues  to  visit  the  wards,  which 
are  always  open  to  the  students  ;  and  who,  there- 
fore, can  still  reap  instruction,  from  the  observa- 
tions made  by  the  professors  at  the  bed-side  of  each 
patient. 

M.  Cayol  seldom  allows  himself  to  substitute  an 
empirical  for  a  rational  treatment,  if  it  be  not  in 
very  hopeless  cases.  He  counts  much  on  the  natural 
movements,  preferring  the  expecting  practice,  and 
never  acting  without  a  precise  indication.  He  holds, 
that  a  very  great  number  of  fevers  ought  to  be  viewed 
as  symptoms  of  a  local  lesion,  though  he  believes 
that  essential  fevers  exist,  that  is  to  say,  disorder 
more  or  less  considerable  of  the  system,  which  has 
not  been  preceded  by  any  local  affection.  Such  is 
the  doctrine  which  he  professes,  and  which,  with 


*  See  the  Formulary. 

f  What  is  here  called  Hospice  de  la  Cliniqne  Interne  is  not  a 
separate  building,  but  constitutes  a  part  of  the  Hospital  of  La 
Charite.  The  name  Hospice  was  originally  confined  to  those  houses 
allotted  as  a  refuge  for  the  indigent  and  infirm,  which  were  thut 
analogous  to  our  charity  work-houses.  At  present  there  is  no  great 
distinction  between  many  of  them  and  the  common  hospitals,  with 
which  they  may  be  regarded  as  neurly  synonymous.— TV. 


HOSPICE  DE  LA  CL1NIQUE  INTERNE.           83 

some  illustrations  foreign  to  this  place,  he  teaches 
to  his  students. 

As  to  the  treatment  of  continued  fevers,  when 
they  present  symptoms  of  gastric  or  intestinal  irri- 
tation, M.  Cayol  examines  first  if  that  irritation 
has  preceded  the  fever,  or  is  the  result  of  a  direct 
excitement  produced  by  stimulating  ingesta.  It  is 
seldom,  except  in  the  latter  case,  that  he  directs 
leeches  to  be  applied  to  the  epigastrium  or  anus. 
When,  on  the  other  hand,  the  patients  have  been 
submitted  to  a  proper  regimen  and  temperature  from 
the  accession  of  the  fever,  and  if  the  system  is  mark- 
ed by  the  period  of  turgescence,  M.  Cayol  remarks, 
that  the  redness  of  the  tongue  is  always  in  relation 
to  the  heat  of  the  skin,  but  that  this  redness,  accom- 
panied with  thirst,  and  sometimes  with  tenderness 
of  the  abdomen,  is  owing  solely  to  a  state  of  con- 
gestion ;  it  is  observed  to  diminish  at  the  same  time 
with  the  heat  of  the  skin,  without  our  having  re- 
course to  leeches  ;  and  when  general  symptoms  of 
plethora  exist,  M.  Cayol  prefers  general  bleeding 
to  that  from  capillaries. 

Inflammation  of  the  mucous  membrane  of  the  air 
passages  is  a  frequent  complication  of  essential  fevers, 
and  is  more  troublesome,  in  general,  than  when 
seated  in  the  alimentary  canal.  It  often  supervenes 
in  the  course  of  severe  continued  fever,  and  may 
remain  unknown,  unless  an  investigation,  by  means 
of  the  cylinder,  be  carefully  made.  M.  Cayol  op- 
poses it  with  almost  uniform  success,  by  scarifica- 
tion and  cupping  on  the  sides  of  the  chest,  near  the 
attachments  of  the  serratus  magnus.  The  same 
means  are  also  sometimes  employed  to  remove  sim- 
ple sanguineous  congestion  of  the  lung. 

Continued  fevers  commence,  in  general,  by  a 
state  of  sanguineous  plethora,  which  requires  the 
use  of  diluents,  and  sometimes  blood-letting.  As 
*.o  the  local  affections  that  accompany  them,  if 


34         HOSPICE  »E  LA.  CLINIdVE  INTERNE. 

they  have  not  preceded  the  fever,  and  if  they  do 
not  present  the  characters  of  inflammation,  but  only 
those  of  congestion,  M.  Cayol  is  little  apprehensive, 
and  abstains  from  interfering  by  local  bleeding, 
which  by  impoverishing  the  capillary  system,  re- 
tards the  formation  of  a  crisis,  and  indefinitely 
prolongs  the  convalescence.  When  the  head  is  af- 
fected, he  applies  blisters  to  the  legs,  and  if,  after 
some  days,  the  symptoms  of  cerebral  congestion 
continue,  he  directs  them  to  the  nape  of  the  neck. 
In  the  second  period  of  the  fever,  when  a  mucous 
rale  still  exists  in  the  chest,  M.  Cayol  employs  with 
success  the  decoction  of  polygala  senega.*  After- 
wards, if  petechise,  or  eschars  of  the  sacrum,  super- 
vene, or  if  the  blisters  show  symptoms  of  putrescence 
— if  there  be  ichorous  or  sanious  suppuration,  with 
acute  pains,  cinchona  is  then  positively  indicated. 
(One  drachm  generally  of  the  soft  extract  in  some 
mucilaginous  draught,  or  the  acidulated  decoction  of 
the  bark.)  He  directs,  at  the  same  time,  the  surfaces 
to  be  washed,  several  times  a-day,  with  a  strong  de- 
coction of  cinchona,  and  to  be  dressed  with  the 
opium  cerate. 

Such  is  the  method  followed  by  this  gentleman  in 
continued  fever,  and  it  is  but  right  to  state,  that  he 
loses  very  few  of  his  patients. 

Although  for  twelve  or  fifteen  years  past,  the 
medical  constitution  has  seemed  to  be  generally  in- 
flammatory, we  yet  not  unfrequently  meet  with 
bilious  fevers,  eight  or  ten  cases  of  which  occurred 
during  the  latter  part  of  the  clinical  course  of  1824. 
Whenever  M.  Cayol  sees,  from  the  commencement 
of  the  fever,  a  union  of  these  three  symptoms,  viz.  a 
yellowish  and  humid  fur  on  the  tongue,  a  yellow 
tinge  of  the  face,  and  pain  in  the  forehead  and  orbits. 


fc  Fee  the  Formulary. 


HOSPICE  DE  LA  CLINIQUE  INTERNE.  35 

with  general  languor,  he  exhibits  an  emetic,  which 
is  always  productive  of  benefit :  he  afterwards  em- 
ploys lemonade,  and  acidulated  drinks,  and  decoc- 
tions of  chicory.*  The  evacuations  then  are  always 
easy,  and  followed  by  immediate  relief.  If  these 
bilious  symptoms  are  accompanied  by  marks  of  in- 
flammatory irritation  of  the  stomach  or  intestines, 
such  as  redness  and  dryness  of  the  edges  of  the 
tongue,  acute  sensibility  of  the  stomach  or  abdomen, 
M.  Cayol  directs  the  emetics  to  be  preceded  by  a 
detraction  of  blood. 

When  the  bilious  symptoms  do  not  manifest 
themselves  till  the  second  stage  of  the  fever,  he 
gives  purgatives  the  preference  of  emetics.  Ac- 
cording to  him,  it  is  a  truth  founded  on  observation, 
that  when  these  bilious  symptoms  are  treated  by 
means  of  demulcent  drinks,  and  of  leeches,  the  fe- 
ver prolongs  itself  to  an  indefinite  period,  and  after 
it  is  terminated,  the  patients  remain  long  in  a  lan- 
guid and  uneasy  state,  which  ends  often  in  the  ap- 
pearance of  furunculi  or  other  eruptions. 

M.  Cayol  has  rarely  recourse  to  blood-letting,  ei- 
ther general  or  local,  in  the  first  stage  of  eruptive 
fevers,  unless  there  exist  an  acute  local  inflammation. 
After  the  example  of  Sydenham,  however,  he  usually 
takes  blood  from  the  arm  during  convalescence  from 
these  fevers,  especially  in  variola  and  scarlatina. 
This  practice  has  always  succeeded  with  him,  and 
since  he  has  adopted  it,  he  has  less  frequently  seen 
those  obstinate  inflammatory  affections,  the  trouble* 
some  sequelae  of  eruptive  fevers  :  during  convales- 


*  Chicorium  Jlgrestc — Wild  Succery. — Thig  vegetable,  little  used 
in  this  country,  is  a  very  favourite  one  in  France.  A  decoction  or 
infusion  from  the  leaves  is  often  given  in  frebrile  and  inflammatory 
affections.  It  is  aperient  and  attenuant.  The  blanched  leaves  of  the 
Chicorium  endivia  aie  used  at  table  as  a  wholesome  salad. —  TV. 


36  HOSPICE  UE  LA  CJLINIQUE  IKTEKSE. 

cence  he  does  not  administer  purgatives,  unless  they 
are  particularly  indicated. 

In  the  treatment  of  acute  inflammations,  he,  in 
general,  repeats  venesection  until  the  fever  yields. 
When  the  fever  is  diminished,  he  directs  topical 
bleeding,  and  when  subdued,  he  abstains  from  far- 
ther depletion,  save  in  cases  of  relapse.  He  then 
has  recourse  to  derivatives,  at  first  applied  remote- 
ly, then  gradually  brought  nearer  to  the  seat  of  the 
disease. 

In  acute  peritonitis,  as  soon  as  the  indication  for 
blood-letting  is  fulfilled,  two  large  blisters,  applied 
to  the  inner  side  of  the  thighs,  have  appeared  to 
M.  Cayol  to  have  a  powerful  effect  in  shortening 
the  disease,  and  preventing  suppuration. 

To  promote  the  resolution  of  chronic  inflamma- 
tions, (hepatitis,  pleuritis,  pneumonia,  peritonitis, 
&c.)  and  to  check  the  march  of  certain  organic 
degenerations,  as  the  phthisis  pulmonalis,  when  it 
is  circumscribed,  scirrhus  of  the  stomach,  phthisis 
renalis,  the  different  degenerations  of  the  uterus 
and  bladder,  M.  Cayol  has  several  times  employed, 
and  with  unexpected  success,  the  seton,  resulting 
from  two  eschars  which  he  usually  makes  with 
the  caustic  potass,  and  sometimes  with  the  rnoxa, 
and  which  he  then  traverses  with  a  flat  or  round- 
ed mesh,  according  to  the  degree  of  suppuration 
he  may  wish  to  produce.  This  kind  of  issue  has 
appeared  to  him  the  most  effective,  and  during  its 
action  he  controls  hectic  fever  with  advantage, 
(especially  when  there  are  regular  exacerbations 
with  rigors,)  by  means  of  quinquina  under  the  form 
of  extract  alone,  or  combined  with  a  few  drops  of 
laudanum.  It  is  thus  within  our  power  to  arrest 
the  hectic  fever,  and  to  prolong  considerably  the 
duration  of  incurable  phthisis. — (JVbte  communi- 
cated by  JW.  Cay  of.) 

M.   Chomel,  recently  called  to  the  functions  of 


HOSPITAL  OF  SAINT  LOUIS.  37 

lae  clinical  chair,  exhibits  some  little  inconsistency 
to  those  who  attend  his  course,  and  are  familiar 
with  his  writings.  In  his  practice,  he,  in  general, 
adheres  pretty  closely  to  the  path  of  those  physi- 
ological physicians  whom  he  formerly  opposed. 
He  has  not  yet  renounced  his  theory  of  essential 
fevers,  as  appears  occasionally  from  his  lectures, 
but  he  is  scarcely  ever  seen  to  act  on  it  a£\he  bed- 
side of  the  patient.  The  practice,  in  fact,  of  M. 
Chomel,  is  that  of  every  candid  and  well  informed 
man,  and  his  clinical  course,  with  the  exception  of 
some  slight  defects,  the  best  perhaps  now  given  in 
Paris, 


HOSPITAL   OF  SAINT  LOUIS. 

Of  the  hospitals  appropriated  to  a  special  pur- 
pose, that  of  St.  Louis  is,  without  doubt,  one  of  the 
most  important.  It  receives  patients  affected  with 
cutaneous  diseases,  as"  herpes,  psora,  porrigo,  &c., 
or  labouring  under  scrofulous,  scorbutic,  and  can- 
cerous affections.  Besides  the  patients  admitted 
to  reside,  and  undergo  treatment  in  the  hospital,  a 
public  consultation  is  open  to  those  whose  cases 
are  so  slight  as  to  be  remedied  without  causing 
them  to  quit  their  usual  occupations.  Cards  are 
delivered  to  the  patients,  with  which  they  come 
daily  to  take  the  baths  or  fumigations  suited  to  the 
nature  of  their  complaint. 

The  surgical  wards  of  this  esfablisment  are 
confided  to  the  care  of  MM.  Richerand,  Professor 
of  the  Faculty  of  Medicine,  and  Jules  Cloquet ;  and 
the  medical  department  to  MM.  Alibert,  Biett. 
Maury,  and  Lugol. 

M.  Alibert,  who,  notwithstanding  his  numerous 
avocations,  attends  much  to  the  interests  of  medi- 
cal education,  delivers  annually  a  clinical  course 
4 


tfS  HOSPITAL  OP  SAINT  LOUIS. 

on  the  diseases  of  the  skin,  in  which  he  passes  be-? 
fore  the  eyes  of  his  hearers  the  most  remarkable 
examples  of  those  affections,  of  which,  in  his  mag- 
nificent work,  he  has  given  such  true,  though  hi- 
deous pictures.  Against  those  obstinate  diseases, 
he  has  made  trial  of  different  remedies,  with  more 
or  less  ^guccess,  and  has  stated  in  that  work  the 
preparations  which  have  rnost  generally  answered 
to  his  hopes. 

Charged  in  turn  with  the  wards  assigned  to  the 
treatment  of  Psora,  and  possessing  the  advantage 
of  repeating  and  comparing  experiments  in  a  great 
number  of  subjects,  the  physicians  of  St.  Louis 
have  met  the  general  expectation,  in  their  researches 
on  the  nature  of  this  disease,  and  the  numerous 
modes  of  treatment  alternately  employed  against 
it.  M.  Maury  has  made  trial  of  twenty-two  pre- 
parations, each  on  an  equal  number  of  patients,  and 
computing  the  duration  of  the  treatment  in  the  to- 
tality of  cases,  he  has  thence  drawn  the  medium  term 
under  each  method.  It  is  from  this  work,  executed 
with  accuracy,  under  the  superintendence  of  M, 
Maury,  by  M.  Melier,  then  interne  of  the  hospital 
of  St.  Louis,  that  I  have  extracted  different  formulae, 
with  the  notes  that  have  reference  to  them. 

I  have  availed  myself  also  of  a  more  extended 
work,  published  by  M.  Mourouval,  and  entitled, 
Recherches  et  Observations  sur  la  gale,  faites  a 
VHdpttal  Saint  Louis,  a  la  clinique  de  M.  Lugol, 
pendant  les  ann&s  1819,  1820,  et  '821.  The  ex- 
periments are  more  extensive,  both  as  to  the  num- 
ber of  patients,  and  the  preparations  employed. 
Without  adverting  to  that  portion  of  the  work  al- 
lotted to  the  history  of  Psora,  where  it  may  merely 
be  mentioned,  the  author  formally  denies  the  exist- 
ence of  the  acarus  scabiei,  £nd  of  all  psoric  ani- 
malculse,  I  shall  only  remark,  that  from  numerous 
and  well  conducted  experiments,  it  is  proved  that 


VENEREAL  HOSPITAL,  39 

j>sora  can  be  cured  more  or  less  promptly  by  sti- 
mulants applied  to  the  skin,  under  the  form  of 
baths,  fumigations,  lotions,  frictions,  &c»  ;  that  it 
will  even  yield  to  aqueous  vapour  baths,*  and  that 
the  internal  treatment,  to  which,  formerly,  so  much 
importance  was  attached,  is  useless,  except  in  cases 
where  the  long  duration,  the  extent,  or  severity  of 
the  disease,  make  us  regard  it  as  a  discharge  which, 
without  proper  precaution,  it  would  be  imprudent 
to  suppress, 

M.  Biett,  who  is  specially  intrusted  with  the 
wards  in  which  the  varieties  of  herpetic  erup- 
tions are  treated,  has  made  many  interesting  ex- 
periments on  the  different  substances  employed 
against  these  diseases,  and  also  on  some  in  rela- 
tion to  epilepsy,  and  other  affections,  whose  obsti- 
nate nature  has  so  often  defeated  the  efforts  of 
medicine.  The  circumstantial  notes  which  M. 
Biett  has  kindly  given  me,  and  which  will  be 
found  in  the  course  of  this  work,  make  it  unne- 
cessary for  me  to  enter  into  farther  details  on  this 
institution,  worthy,  in  all  respects,  the  attention 
of  physicians  of  every  country. 

VENEREAL  HOSPITAL. 

(ffopital  des  Veneriens.) 

This  hospital,  exclusively  destined  to  the  treat- 
ment of  syphilis,  and  the  affections  connected 
with  it,  is  confided  to  the  care  of  MM.  Cullerier, 
Bard,  Gilbert,  and  Bertin.  It  is  there  that  ample 
opportunity  is  afforded  of  observing  all  the  forms 


*  Since  these  researches  were  made,  M.  Delpech  has  a'Bferta 
•*»t  T>sora  may  b*  cured  by  simple  oily  unctions- 


.irrecf, 


40  VENEREAL  HOSPITAL, 

arid  all  the  varieties  of  that  disease,  and  of  study  ~ 
ing  the  effects  of  the  curative  processes  employed 
against  it.  From  the  numerous  researches  insti- 
tuted by  the  physicians  who  direct  the  establish- 
ment, the  substance  of  the  following  doctrine  al- 
most wholly  results. 

Notwithstanding  the  different  forms  which  the 
venereal  malady  assumes,  the  grounds  of  treat- 
ment are,  and  ought  always  to  be,  the  same.  They 
are  modified  only  according  as  the  affection  is  pri- 
mitive or  consecutive.  The  local  treatment  varies 
according  to  the  symptoms,  and  their  different  de- 
grees of  intensity. 

Mercury  is  considered  a  specific  against  the  ve- 
nereal disease,  and  the  cases  in  which  it  has  not 
succeeded  are  exceptions  which  should  not  invali- 
date the  general  rule.  For  long  it  was  regarded 
as  the  only  remedy,  but  experiments  made  in  Spain 
and  in  Italy  have  proved  that  a  vegetable  regimen, 
and,  above  all,  sudorifics  and  a  warm  climate,  can 
remove  the  disease  without  the  aid  of  mercury.  To 
them,  also,  should  be  added  the  documents  publish- 
ed in  England  and  the  United  States  on  the  treat- 
ment of  syphilitic  symptoms  by  antiphlogistic 
means,  without  the  intervention  of  mercurial  pre- 
parations.* The  Tisane  of  Feltz  ought  not  to  be 
regarded  as  a  purely  vegetable  drink,  since,  to  the 


*  In  Edinburgh,  not  a  few  practitioners  have  for  several  years  en- 
tirely abandoned  the  use  of  mercury,  and  are  satisfied,  by  experience . 
that  the  aid  of  that  medicine  is,  in  general,  unnecessary.  It  is  the 
opinion  of  many,  that  .for  some  time  past  syphilis  faas  assumed  a 
milder  character,  at  least  that  its  more  severe  and  consecutive  forms 
are  now  less  seldom  witnessed.  By  an  eminent  teacher  of  midwifery 
in  this  city,  I  have  been  informed,  that  of  late  the  number  of  infanta 
affected  with  syphilis  at,  or  soon  after  birth,  has  increased  in  his 
practice  in  the  proportion  of  4  to  1.  It  would  not  be  very  easy,  ex- 
cept, perhaps,  to  the  partisan  of  a  system,  to  reconcile  this  circuit 
stance  with  the  other  statements. —  Tr. 


VENEREAL  HOSPITAL.  41 

different  plants  that  enter  into  its  composition,  are 
added  a  portion  of  isinglass,  and  sulphuret  of  an- 
timony, which  seems  always  to  contain  a  variable 
proportion  of  white  oxide  of  arsenic,  Some  facts, 
and  especially  the  trials  made  at  the  Hospital  of 
St.  Louis  in  different  cases  of  venereal  eruptions, 
appear  to  prove  that  upon  this  oxide  depends  much 
of  the  properties  of  the  Tisane  de  Feltz0 

When  the  object  is  to  combat  the  primitive 
symptoms,  the  liquor  of  Van  Swieten  in  the  dose 
of  half  an  ounce  daily,  with  sometimes  a  simple 
decoction  of  barley,  compose  the  ordinary  treat- 
ment. 

If  the  patients  are  harassed  by  catarrh,  exhibit 
incipient  symptoms  of  phthisis,  or  if  the  abdomen 
be  the  seat  of  irritation,  or  the  medicine  occasion 
pains  of  the  stomach,  or  vomiting,  M.  Cullerier 
has  recourse  to  frictions  with  mercurial  ointment, 
or  he  gives  the  pills  ofSedillot,  (pills  composed  of 
soap  and  the  Neapolitan  ointment,)*  or  the  pills 
composed  of  the  mercury  of  Hahneman.  These 
pills  have  the  inconvenience  of  acting  on  the 
mouth  as  rapidly  as  the  frictions.  This  does  not, 
however,  prevent  them  being  administered  in  cases 
of  primitive  syphilis-  M.  Cullerier  never  employs 
them  in  the  consecutive  state  of  the  disease. 

If  a  patient  present  himself  with  consecutive 
symptoms,  the  great  reliance  which  M.  Cullerier 
places  on  the  liquor  of  Van  Swieten,  induces  him 
to  administer  it  uniformly,  and  this,  it  may  be  said, 
with  such  remarkable  success,  that,  if  some  cases 
resist  its  action,  and  continue  their  progress,  we 


*  The  mercury  of  Hahneman  ia  the  black  oxide  of  mercury.— TV, 


4\J  VHNEREAL  HOSPITAL. 

would  be  disposed  to  impute  it  less  to  the  insuffi- 
ciency of  the  medicine,  than  to  negligence  of  the 
patient  during  the  course  of  treatment.  Frictions 
appear  also  to  M.  Cullerier  a  powerful  means 
against  constitutional  syphilis,  and  he  employs 
them  almost  indifferently  with  the  liquor  of  Van 
Swieten.  He  prefers  them  in  cases  that  do  not 
bear  well  this  latter  preparation,  and  obtains  from 
their  use  very  beneficial  results. 

When  he  exhibits  the  liquor  in  inveterate 
venereal  affections,  he  usually  combines  with  it 
the  sudorific  tisane*  alone,  or  edulcorated  with  the 
sudorific  sirup ;  but  when  the  patient  appears 
weak,  he  mixes  this  sirup  with  that  of  quinquina, 
or  with  the  antiscorbutic  sirup. 

The  Tisane  of  Feltz  is  employed  with  uncom- 
mon success,  and  M.  Cullerier,  in  regard  to  this 
subject,  possesses  some  very  interesting  facts.  He 
administers  this  tisane,  when  consecutive  venerea] 
symptoms,  as  exostoses,  pains  of  the  bones,  serpi- 
ginous  pustules,  ulcerations  of  the  soft  parts,  ca- 
ries of  the  bones,  the  cartilages  of  the  nose,  mouth, 
&c.  re-appear,  after  having  previously  yielded  to 
frictions  or  the  mercurial  solution.  This  treat- 
ment almost  constantly  succeeds,  and  even  in  a 
short  time,  if  the  disease  has  not  produced  very 
great  derangement  of  structure.  The  Tisane 
d'Arnaud  differs  nothing  in  its  effects  from  that  of 
Feltz  ;  such,  at  least,  is  the  opinion  of  M.  Culle- 
rier. 

The  muriates  (hydro-chlorates)  of  gold  and 
platina  have  not,  in  the  hands  of  this  physician, 
answered  the  extreme  praises,  of  those  who  intro- 
duced them :  their  use,  therefore,  has  been  dis- 
continued. 


*  See  the  j 


VENEREAL  HOSPITAL.  43 

As  a  remedy  of  much  power  against  the  vene- 
rual  disease,  he  considers  the  bath,  holding  in  so- 
lution the  deuto-chloruret  of  mercury ;  but  he  sel- 
dom employs  it  in  the  hospital,  on  account  of  the 
great  precaution  required  in  using  the  sublimate. 

The  means,  of  which  the  local  treatment  con- 
sists, are  very  limited.  Simple  or  mercurial  cerate 
is  applied  to  the  ulcerations,  more  frequently  a 
little  charpie  soaked  in  a  purely  emollient  or  nar- 
cotic decoction.  As  a  cautery,  the  fused  nitrate 
of  silver  is  employed.  When  the  flesh  is  fungous, 
it  is  dressed  with  the  Egyptian  ointment,*  or  with 
the  digestive,  when  pale  and  deficient  in  action. 

As  to  vegetations,  their  excision  is  not  attempt- 
ed until  the  specific  treatment  is  terminated,  or  at 
least  far  advanced.  It  in  general  succeeds,  though 
in  some  subjects  we  see  them  spring  up  with  in- 
creased activity.  In  this  case,  they  are  cauterized 
with  the  fused  nitrate  of  silver,  the  hydro-chlorate 
of  antimony,  and  nitrate  of  mercury.  In  spite, 
however,  of  the  power  of  those  substances,  we 
meet  with  vegetations  which  still  resist  them. 

Caruncles  of  the  anus  are  in  the  same  manner 
attacked  by  caustics.  The  actual  cautery  is  that 
which  has  best  succeeded  with  M.  Cullerier.  Those 
that  occur  on  the  hands  and  feet  require  rest  and 
cleanliness,  and  heal  uniformly  under  the  use  of 
the  mercurial  solution  or  frictions,  with  a  local 
dressing  of  the  simple  or  mercurial  cerate. 

Venereal  pustules  demand  no  particular  treat- 
ment. For  the  mucous  pustules  of  the  anus,  the 
vulva,  and  those  on  the  thighs  and  scrotum,  M. 
Cullerier  recommends  great  attention  to  cleanli- 


*  Onguent  Kgyjitiae,  or  ointment  of  the  acetate  of  copper.  It  is 
prepared  by  boiling  together  honey,  vinegar,  and  crude  acetate  of 
copper,  until  the  acetate  be  dissolved,  and  the  honey  have  acquired 
•  be  consistence  proper  for  an  ointment. — TV. 


44  VENEREAL  HOSPITAL 

ness,  and  gentle  friction  of  the  parts  affected,  will; 
mercurial  cerate.  This  he  regards  as  very  benefp 
cia]. 

In  the  case  of  exostoses,  periostoses,  &c.  leeches 
have  never  been  found  very  useful :  the  general 
treatment  is  more  efficacious. 

Blennorrhagy  is  a  symptom  of  syphilis,  on  the  im- 
portance of  which,  opinion  is  divided.  Experience 
has  proved  to  M.  Cullerier,  that  it  is  often  follow- 
ed by  a  general  infection  ;  he  thinks,  also,  that  this 
morbid  phenomenon  ought  to  be  combated  by  the 
means  appropriated  to  the  treatment  of  constitution- 
al syphilis. 

To  what  has  preceded,  and  which  presents  the 
opinions  of  the  late  M.  Cullerier,  it  becomes  me  to 
add  the  views  of  the  nature  and  treatment  of  sy- 
philis, communicated  to  me  by  M.  Cullerier,  his 
nephew,  at  present  chief  Surgeon  of  the  Venereal 
Hospital. 

The  existence  of  a  virus,  contested  by  some  physi- 
cians, but  supported  by  the  majority,  is  a  subject  of 
doubt  with  M.  Cullerier.  M.  Gilbert,  and  M.  Bard, 
seem  more  attached  to  the  doctrines  of  M.  Cullerier, 
the  uncle.  This  question  is  yet  undecided,  and  will 
remain  so,  until  a  sufficient  number  of  comparative 
experiments  can  be  made.  In  order  to  arrive  at  a 
conclusion,  the  physicians  and  surgeons  of  the  Vene- 
real Hospital  have  undertaken  to  treat  the  primitive 
symptoms  by  ordinary  means.  These  trials,  the  re- 
sults of  which  will  be  published  elsewhere,  prove 
that  the  affections  termed  syphilitic  are  in  some  cases 
simply  local,  and  admit  of  permanent  cure  by  anti- 
phlogistics,  astringents,  and  caustics,  while  in  others 
they  so  deeply  pervade  the  system,  that  mercurial 
preparations  alone  can  effect  a  certain  cure.  Fi- 
nally, it  has  been  proved,  that  there  are  circum- 
stances in  which  mercurial  remedies,  far  from 
ameliorating  the  condition  of  the  patient,  excite,  on 


MAISON  DE  SANTE.  45 

the  contrary,  phenomena  analogous  to  those  of  sy- 
philis itself,  and  which  do  not  disappear  until  their 
use  is  discontinued.  Relapses  after  both  methods  of 
treatment  have  been  observed  :  it  will  remain  to 
determine  precisely  in  which  case  they  more  fre- 
quently occur. 

MAIS'ON  DE  SANTE. 

In  speaking  of  the  Maison  de  Sant6,  which  is 
not  the  seat  of  any  public  instruction,  it  is  only 
with  the  view  of  introducing  some  of  the  formulae 
employed  by  Professor  Dubois.  Although  ht?  con- 
fines himself  more  particularly  to  the  practice  of 
surgery,  M.  Dubois  gives  much  attention  to  inter- 
nal affections,  on  which  he  is  often  consulted.  On 
several  points  of  practice  it  is  known,  that  he  pos- 
sesses opinons  peculiar  to  himself,  and  which  his 
experience  has  supported.  It  is  thus  that  he  re- 
gards the  tonic  treatment  as  the  most  efficacious 
in  scrofulous  and  scorbutic  complaints,  and  that 
he  considers  mercurial  frictions  pushed  to  the  ex- 
tent of  salivation,  as  the  surest  means  of  curing 
inveterate  venereal  affections,  though,  by  the  ma- 
jority of  physicians,  and  especially  those  of  the 
Venereal  Hospital,  whose  judgment,  in  a  question 
of  this  kind,  is  of  the  greatest  weight,  salivation  is 
deemed  a  troublesome  consequence  of  the  mercu- 
rial treatment,  against  which  we  ought,  whenever 
practicable,  to  guard.  His  opinions  in  general  ap- 
proach to  those  of  Brown,  with  respect  to  the  use 
of  tonics,  stimulants,  and  revulsives.  Blood-letting 
is  a  measure  on  the  adoption  of  which  he  exhibits 
an  extreme  degree  of  caution,  even  in  cases  where 
most  practitioners  insist  on  its  employment.  He 
rarely  prescribes  general  bleeding  in  acute  inflam- 
mations, whether  membranous  or  parenchyma- 


46  MAISON  D'ACCOTJCHEMENT. 

tous  :  restricting-  himself,  for  the  most  part,  to  the 
application  of  leeches,  followed  by  the  application 
of  blisters. 


MAISON  D'ACCOUCHEMEOT. 

(Termed  Hospice  de  la  Maternite.] 

The  preceding-  observation,  respecting  the  Mai- 
eon  de  Sante,  applies  also  to  the  Maison  d' Ac- 
couchement, to  which  neither  students  nor  stran- 
gers have  habitual  admission.*  M.  Chaussier,  to 
whom  the  charge  of  this  excellent  institution  is 
committed,  guiding  himself  by  the  precepts  of  the 
Hippocratic  medicine,  has  devoted  himself  to  nu- 
merous researches  on  the  diseases  of  pregnancy, 
and  the  puerperal  state.  An  enemy  of  systems, 
which  too  often  draw  those  who  adopt  them  into 
dangerous  errors,  he  makes  his  physiological  know- 
ledge subservient  to  a  rational  treatment.  It  may 
be  remarked,  that  he  employs  but  few  medicines ; 
that  he  prefers,  in  general,  those  whose  properties 
are  well  known  ;  that  he  makes  trial  of  new  sub- 
stances only  with  the  greatest  reserve,  and  selects 
the  preparations  that  are  fittest  to  retain  their 
virtues. 


*The  Maison  d' Accouchement  is  the  school  in  which  the  midwives 
(sages  femmes)  receive  their  education,  which  is  excellently  con. 
ducted,  and  which  gives  an  assurance  to  the  public  that  they  are 
qualified  to  exercise  the  responsible  office  with  which  they  are  in- 
trusted It  is  to  be  regretted  that  more  attention  is  not  directed  to 
the  instruction  of  the  same  class  of  females  in  this  country,  to  whose 
hands,  when  competent,  this  branch  of  medical  duty  can  with  most 
propriety  be  committed. —  TV. 


HOSPITAL  SAINT  ANTOINE.  47 


HOSPITAL  SAINT  ANTOINE. 

This  Hospital,  from  its  situation,  and  the  beauty 
of  the  building,  may  be  considered  as  one  of  the 
most  salubrious  of  the  capital.  It  is  not  very  large, 
and  is  filled  in  a  great  measure  by  the  patients  of 
the  quarter  in  which  it  is  placed.  It  receives  pa- 
tients of  both  sexes  affected  with  acute  internal  or 
external  disorders,  and  with  chronic  diseases, 
for  which  no  special  hospital  is  provided.  M. 
Beauchene  is  the  chief  surgeon,  and  MM.  Kape- 
ler  and  Lullier  Winslow  are  the  physicians,  both 
known  by  their  writings.  M.  Kapeler,  more  es- 
pecially, has  directed  much  of  his  study  to  the 
materia  medica,  and  is  among  the  first  who  have 
adopted  with  success,  in  France,  the  contra-stimu- 
lant practice  of  the  Italian  school.  This  practice, 
it  should  be  noticed,  is  now  followed  by  a  certain 
number  of  practitioners,  and  in  the  Hospital  of  St. 
Antoine,  it  is  customary  to  administer,  within  a  short 
period,  and  in  a  quantity  of  fluid  extremely  small 
in  proportion  to  the  dose,  twelve,  twenty,  thirty,  or 
even  forty  grains  of  the  emetic  tartar.  What  is  sin- 
gular, and  apparently  no  less  true,  the  patients  ex- 
perience not  only  no  evil  accidents,  but  are  not  even 
affected  with  vomitings,  nor  does  the  drug  seem  to 
excite  any  remarkable  primitive  action.  I  leave 
these  facts  to  the  attention  of  physiological  readers, 
and  refrain  from  all  reflections. 

Since  the  above  passage  was  written,  I  have  seen 
the  tartarized  antimony  given  in  very  large  doses. 
It  is  in  the  fewest  number  of  cases  that  that  effect 
has  resulted,  which  the  contra-stimulists  call  toler- 
ance ;  that  is  to  say,  an  absence  of  immediate 
purgative  or  emetic  action.  As  to  ultimate  results, 
they  are  far  certainly  from  corresponding  to  what 
enthusiasm  had  at  first  represented  them.  M.  Ka- 


48  HOSPITAL  OF  LA  SALPETRIEKJE. 

peler  himself,  also,  after  many  experiments,  has  re' 
nounced,  in  a  considerable  measure,  this  course  oi' 
treatment. 

The  same  gentleman  has  ventured  to  modify  the 
empiric  treatment,  so  long  respected  through  custom, 
in  the  colica  pictonum.  He  has  also,  in  some  ex- 
periments, the  results  of  which  he  proposes  to  pub- 
lish, carried  very  high  the  doses  of  several  sub- 
s  reputed  for  their  energy,  and  which  many 
yet  administer  with  so  much  caution,  that  the  cures 
become  new  proofs  of  the  vis  medicatrix  naturae, 
aide-i  by  time  and  regimen. 

The  colleague  of  Si.  Kapeler,  Dr.  Lullier  Win- 
slow,  is  one  of  those  physicians  who  seem  to  place 
most  of  their  confidence  in  the  conservative  efforts 
of  Nature,  assisted  by  therapeutical  agents  suffi- 
ciently simple  for  their  action  to  be  easily  verified. 
He  employs  medicines  in  a  form  of  as  much  simpli- 
city as  possible,  and  chooses  those,  the  properties  of 
which  are  the  least  doubtful. 


HOSPITAL  OF  LA  SALPETRIERE. 

This  vast  establishment  comprehends  a  hospice 
and  an  hospital.  It  admits  females  advanced  in  age, 
or  afflicted  with  incurable  diseases  and  infirmities  ; 
it  receives  equally,  but'in  separate  buildings,  females 
labouring  under  mental  alienation. — This  part  of 
the  establishment  was  confided  to  the  care  of  Pro- 
fessor Pinel,  and  of  Dr.  Esquirol,  who  succeeded 
his  excellent  instructer  ;  but  who,  now  called  to  the 
direction  of  the  MaUon  iioyale  of  Charenton,  has 
resigned  his  place  to  M.  Pariset. 
The  surgical  wards  are  committed  to  M.  Lallemant, 
and  those  of  the  hospice  to  MM.  Rostan  and 
Magendie.  The  clinical  lectures  of  M.  Rostan  are 
well  attended,  but  it  is  chiefly  for  the  study  of  mental 


HOSPITAL  OF  LA  SALPETRIERE.  49 

alienation  that  so  many  resort  to  the  Salpe'triere, 
where  Dr.  Esquirol  for  a  long  time  has  delivered  a 
clinical  course  on  this  class  of.  diseases.  All  who 
know  this  gentleman  are  aware  that  his  treatment 
of  the  different  species  of  Vesania  consists  less  in 
the  exhibition  of  medicines,  than  in  the  well  direct- 
ed use  of  hygenic  arid  of  moral  means.  Some  notes 
on  the  practice  adopted  in  mental  disease,  which  I 
owe  to  the  kindness  of  M.  Esquirol,*  will  not,  I  may 
presume,  be  regarded  as  uninteresting. 

To  restore  to  its  healthy  state  the  affected  brain, 
in  cases  of  insanity,  the  physician  can  avail  him- 
self of  two  kinds  of  resources  :  the  one  consists  in 
modifying  the  organ  by  the  exercise  of  its  func- 
tions, and  is  called  intellectual  and  moral;  the 
other  is  drawn  from  the  ordinary  resources  of  the- 
rapeutics, and  has  for  its  object  to  fulfil  different 
curative  indications,  and  is  styled  physical. 

Moral  and  Intellectual  Treatment. — I.  To  iso- 
late the  insane  from  the  objects  that  may  have  ex- 
cited their  malady, — from  relatives  or  servants  to 
whom  they  show  an  aversion,  or  whom  they  will 
not  obey.  II.  To  treat  them  with  mildness,  though 
sometimes  with  firmness.  III.  To  class  them  in 
such  a  manner,  that  they  may  be  unable  to  injure 
or  annoy  each  other,  but  mutually  contribute,  if 
possible,  to  their  own  recovery ;  to  place  the  furious 
together  at  a  distance  frcm  the  other  patients ; 
to  inclose  any  of  them,  if  necessary,  in  rooms  ob- 
scurely lighted,  or  perfectly  dark  ;  if  the  tempera- 
ture of  the  body  be  high,  or  the  degree  of  excite- 
ment great,  not  to  insist  on  their  being  warmly 
clothed,  even  in  winter.  IV.  To  separate  entire- 


*  These  notes  were  communicated  to  me  by  my  colleague,  M. 
Georget,  the  pupil  and  friend  of  M.  Esquirol,  and  to  whom  we  owe 
some  interesting  works  on  the  physiology  of  the  brain  and  mental 
alienation. 

5 


50  HOSPITAL  OF  LA  SALPETRIERE, 

ly  the  convalescent  from  all  the  other  affected, 
making  them  successively  pass  into  more  private 
sleeping  rooms,  according  as  the  term  of  their 
freedom  approaches ;  to  be  careful  to  remove  them 
from  these  apartments  whenever  a  new  access  or 
exacerbation  is  apprehended;  to  engage  the  pa- 
tients, whose  reason  is  not  wholly  deranged,  in 
some  work  or  amusement,  or  in  the  exercise  of 
walking.  V.  To  employ  no  methods  of  restraint 
or  punishment,  except  the  strait- waistcoat,  seclu- 
sion in  a  cell,  the  douches,*  &c.;  never  blows, 
chains,  or  other  harsh  treatment;  to  conduct  the 
first  interviews  of  the  patients  with  their  relations 
or  friends;  to  provoke  sometimes  lively  moral 
emotions,  by  a  surprise,  an  alarm,  or  an  unjust  re- 
primand ;  to  replace  one  passion  by  another ;  not 
to  enter  into  needless  discussions  with  the  insane ; 
above  all,  to  avoid  exciting  them  to  fury  or  anger, 
either  by  ridicule,  or  by  directly  opposing  their 
ideas,  passions,  &c. ;  to  encourage  the  intercourse 
of  the  convalescent ;  to  exercise  over  those  who 
show  a  disposition  to  commit  suicide  the  most  ac- 
tive watch,  even  long  after  they  appear  to  have  re- 
linquished that  gloomy  purpose  ;  otherwise  we  run 
the  risk  of  becoming  the  dupe  of  dissimulation, 
which  they  practise  with  wonderful  skill ;  to  ob- 
serve with  equal  care,  and  to  separate  those  addict- 
ed to  masturbation  or  other  vices  ;  to  avoid  recall- 
ing to  the  memory  of  the  convalescent  either 
the  extravagances  of  their  delirium,  or  the  causes 
that  had  disagreeably  affected  them  ;  and  in  order 
to  prevent  relapses,  to  advise  such  objects  and 
causes  to  be  removed  or  shunned.  Such  are  the 
principal  rules  for  the  moral  treatment  of  the  in- 
sane, adopted  in  the  Hospice  of  Salpetriere. 


*  Douches.— See  p.  72. 


HOSPITAL  OF  LA  SALPETRIERE,  51 

The  treatment  termed  physical  consists  in  the 
resources  of  the  Hygiene,  and  the  medicinal  agents 
suited  to  fulfil  different  curative  indications. 

Hygiene. — To  secure  the  patients  from  extremes 
of  temperature,  and  from  sudden  variations  of  the 
atmosphere,  by  keeping  them  in  winter  in  places 
sufficiently  warmed,  and  preventing  them  going  with 
naked  feet  among  the  ice  or  snow ;  above  all  pre- 
venting, during  the  extreme  heats  of  summer,  their 
exposure  to  the  action  of  the  solar  rays ;  to  wash 
daily,  and  to  ventilate  the  cells  of  those  inattentive 
to  cleanliness;  to  fix  in  their  beds,  during  the  night, 
those  who  show  a  wilfulness  to  lie  on  the  ground, 
and  also  the  paralytic,  who  may  involuntarily  throw 
themselves  out  of  bed;  or,  what  is  preferable,  to 
put  these  last  into  a  kind  of  crib,  which  confines 
without  much  constraint;  to  be  attentive  to  the 
covering  of  patients  at  night,  especially  during  the 
rigorous  colds,  so  as  to  preserve  the  feet  from  being 
frost-bitten ;  and  nothing  is  better  to  secure  this 
object  than  to  place  a  light  chaff  bed  above  the  or- 
dinary bed-clothes.  To  give  in  every  case,  one  or 
two  simple  water  baths,  with  the  view  to  cleanli- 
ness ;  to  cut  the  hair  close,  whenever  there  exists 
much  heat  of  head,  and  a  habitual  state  of  irritation, 
or  of  congestion  towards  this  part ;  to  distribute  four 
times  a-day,  wholesome  and  sufficient  nourishment > 
and  rarely  to  refuse  food  or  drink  when  desired, 
even  during  the  night ;  to  administer  to  those  who 
obstinately  refuse  their  food,  enemata  of  soup,  milk, 
or  sometimes  wine,  injected  into  the  stomach  by 
means  of  a  sound  introduced  into  the  oesophagus ; 
the  pain  which  the  presence  of  the  sound  in  the 
nares  occasions,  induces  often  the  individuals  to  eat ; 
but  sometimes  their  obstinacy  is  so  great,  that  they 
endure  all  such  unpleasant  treatment,  rather  than 
yield  in  their  determination. 

^  Though  but  little  medicine  is  employed  at  the 
Salp£triere,  and,  properly  speaking,  few  formulae  t*j 


52  HOSPITAL  OF  LA  6ALPETRIERE. 

be  gathered  from  the  clinique  of  M.  Esquirol,  an  idea 
can  yet  be  given  of  the  medicinal  means  by  which 
he  seconds  the  moral  and  hy genie  branches  of  his 
treatment. 

Curative  Indications. — Insanity  is  usually  of  long 
duration,  and  its  nature  not  easy  to  appreciate  in  the 
majority  of  cases :  the  indications  of  treatment  found- 
ed on  this  knowledge  are,  therefore,  almost  always 
difficult  to  mark,  and  are  often  very  imperfectly  de- 
termined. It  should  be  mentioned,  also,  that  mania 
does  not  so  generally  offer  favourable  chances  of  re- 
covery, since,  from  the  reports  collected  at  La 
Salpelriere,  scarcely  one  third  of  those  recover,  in 
whom  the  malady  does  not  even  present  any  particu- 
lar symptom  of  its  being  incurable.  These  facts 
ought  to  render  the  physician  very  circumspect;  and 
he  will  refrain  from  prescribing  remedies,  rather 
than  run  the  hazard,  by  giving  them  without  indica- 
tions, of  producing  effects  different  from  those  he 
desired.  He  ought  to  guard,  especially,  against  let- 
ting himself  be  imposed  upon  by  the  violence  of 
certain  symptoms,  and  believing  that  the  cause  of 
the  evil  is  in  relation  to  its  intensity.  In  two  cir- 
cumstances only  can  the  physician  act  with  vigour, 
at  the  commencement  of  the  disease,  or  when  the 
use  of  measures  rationally  indicated  has  been  suf- 
ficiently persisted  in,  and  the  incurable  nature  of  the 
case  is  to  be  feared.  When  insanity  has  passed  into 
the  chronic  state,  if  it  degenerate  after  many  years' 
existence  into  amentia,  particularly  if  it  complicates 
itself  with  paralysis,  nothing  farther  can  be  attempt- 
ed to  obtain  a  cure ;  the  physician  has  then  only  in 
view  to  prolong  life*  by  preventing  and  "combating 
the  cerebral  and  other  symptoms  that  may  endanger 
it.  The  nature  of  this  work  does  not  permit  us  to 
enter  into  a  detail  of  the  curative  indications  that 
may  present  themselves  in  the  course  of  insania,  and 
to  expose  the  appropriate  measures  they  require. 
We  must  confine  ourselves,  therefore,  to  a  few 


OMSPITAL      OF  LA  SALPETRIERE.  53 

observations  on  some  of  the  means  that  are  princi- 
pally resorted  to. 

Detraction  of  Blood — Blood-letting  has  often  been 
abused  from  the  circumstance  of  our  confounding 
general  plethora  and  cerebral  congestion  with  the 
state  or  condition  of  furor ,  and  believing  that  we 
abate  this  by  diminishing  the  mass  of  blood :  this, 
however,  is  a  fallacy;  plethora  and  cerebral  conges- 
tion have  other  characters  than  that  of  violent 
excitement,  which  exist  very  often  without  it,  and 
it  is  in  vain  that  we  hope  to  calm  effectually  the 
lunatic  by  such  excessive  depletion.  Some  patients 
become  more  furious  after  bleeding,  and  it  is  only 
by  the  physical  powers  of  the  system  being  subdued, 
that  they  cease  to  be  so.  But  when  there  exists  a 
real  plethora,  a  state  of  cerebral  congestion,  especial- 
ly at  the  commencement  of  the  disease,  there  should 
be  no  hesitation  in  drawing  blood,  either  by  the  lan- 
cet, the  scarificator,  or  by  leeches.  If  there  has 
been  a  suppression  of  any  habitual  sanguineous  dis- 
charge, the  blood,  by  the  above  means,  should  be 
taken  as  near  as  convenient  to  the  parts  which  are 
the  seat  of  the  periodical  evacuation. 

Baths. — The  cold  bath  is  seldom  employed  in  La 
Salpetrie're ;  the  tepid  hath  is  used  more  frequently, 
and  is  very  beneficial  in  calming  some  symptoms. 

Douches. — Recourse  is  not  often  had  to  the  show- 
er baths,  and  never  without  great  caution,  particular- 
ly if  violent  cephalalgia  exist ,  and  extreme  hotness 
of  the  head.  When  these  baths  are  employed,  it  is 
oftener  as  a  means  of  repression  in  the  case  of  pa- 
tients who  cherish  some  gloomy  and  determined 
purpose,  as  for  example,  that  of  allowing  themselves 
to  die  of  hunger.  They  ought  not  to  be  continued 
more  than  a  few  seconds — rarely  longer  than  a 
minute. 

Cold  affusions,  and  cold  applications  to  the  head, 
have  often  excellent  effects,  and  are  always  without 


64  HOSPITAL  OF  LA  SALPETRIERE. 

danger.  In  cerebral  congestions,  the  practice  gen- 
erally followed  is  to  detract  blood  by  opening  the 
jugular  vein,  or  applying  leeches  to  the  neck,  to- 
place  then  the  patient  in  the  tepid  bath,  where  he 
remains  a  longer  or  a  shorter  period,  during  which 
refrigerant  applications  'are  directed  to  the  -head. 

Emetics. — Emetics  are  beneficial  by  the  shock 
which  they  produce,  in  certain  cases  of  stupor  and 
insensibility  unattended  by  symptoms  of  irritation ; 
but  they  cannot  be  used  with  too  much  prudence,  on 
account  of  the  impulse  they  communicate  to  the 
blood,  towards  the  superior  parts. 

Purgatives, — Purgatives  are  often  of  service,  both 
as  obviating  constipation,  an  object  of  great  impor- 
tance, and  to  which  much  attention  should  be  paid, 
and  as  the  means  of  establishing  towards  the  intesti- 
nal canal  a  salutary  derivation. 

Derivatives. — Derivatives  directed  to  the  intes- 
tines or  skin  have  been  in  frequ.ent  use,  and  are  of 
advantage  in  the  generality  of  cases,  especially  in 
those  which  follow  childbirth.  Of  the  remedies  of 
this  class,  purgative  enemata,  and  cutaneous  stimu- 
lants, are  preferred  in  the  cases  last  alluded  to. 

Moxas,  Vcsicatories,  Setons. — The  application 
of  moxa  to  the  head  has,  in  several  instances, 
effected  a  cure  :  in  one,  there  resulted  from  it  a 
fatal  cerebral  inflammation,  and  in  many  the  disease 
underwent  no  change.  It  is  the  same  with  respect 
to  the  application  of  the  actual  cautery. 

The  seton  ad  nucham  and  blisters  are  equally 
had  recourse  to,  after  the  same  principles,  and  with 
the  same  precautions. 

Narcotics. — These  medicines  are  rarely  useful  at 
the  commencement  of  the  disease — often  they  pro- 
duce no  effect,  and  when  they  do  procure  sleep,  it 
is  almost  always  succeeded  by  delirium. 

General  Means. — Acidulous,  mucilaginous,  and 
nitrated  drinks  are  given  freely  to  the  patients,  in 


HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN.  55 

the  periods  of  irritation.  Light  tonics,  when  it  is 
requisite  to  support  the  powers,  are  sometimes 
usefully  allowed  ;  in  a  word,  that  course  is  pursued 
which  the  general  principles  of  therapeutics  direct.* 


HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN. 

(Hopital  des  Enfans.) 

This  house  is  appropriated  to  the  treatment  of  in- 
dividuals of  both  sexes,  under  sixteen  years  of  age, 
whatever  the  nature  of  their  complaints  may  be. 
An  extensive  opportunity  is  here  afforded  for 
studying  the  diseases  of  childhood,  so  important  to 
know,  and  at  the  same  time  so  difficult,  on  account 


*  Of  the  private  asylums  for  the  insane,  there  is  one  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Paris,  which  every  friend  to  humanity  will  visit  with 
pleasure.  It  is  situated  in  the  village  of  Venvre,  about  four  miles 
from  Paris,  not  far  from  the  Jesuit  seminary  of  Mont  Rouge,  and  was 
established  by  two  physicians,  MM.  Voisin  and  Falret,  who  devote 
their  whole  attention  to  the  care  of  their  institution.  Every  thing 
that  skill  can  contrive  or  benevolence  dictate,  has  been  procured  for 
the  welfare  of  its  unfortunate  inmates.  The  grounds  are  extensive 
and  well  arranged,  and  command  one  of  the  softest  and  most  agree- 
able landscapes  in  the  vicinity  of  Paris.  The  features,  indeed,  of  the 
scenery,  are  so  extremely  placid,  that  one  might  suppose  they  were 
calculated  rather  to  cherish  than  dispel  the  quiet  spirit  of  melancholy. 
By  the  residence  of  its  conductors  in  the  institution,  a  constant  eye  is 
secured  to  the  moral  management  of  the  insane,  a  part  of  the  treat- 
ment more  important  and  salutary  than  that  which,  in  his  daily  or 
weekly  visit,  any  physician  can  be  expected  to  perform. 

In  the  Lunatic  Asylum  of  Edinburgh,  an  apparatus  for  the  Douches 
has  been  for  some  time  introduced.  The  Douche  is  administered  in 
the  same  manner  at  in  France,  viz.  while  the  patient  is  immersed  to 
the  shoulders  in  the  warm  or  tepid  bath,  a  jet  of  cold  water  is  made 
to  descend  with  more  or  less  force  upon  the  head.  The  powerful 
effect  of  this  remedy  in  subduing  excitement  has  been  found  very  re- 
markable. The  act  of  Parliament  passed  last  session,  for  the  regula- 
tion of  Lunatic  Asylums,  has,  as  would  appear  from  some  public  re^ 
ports,  already  begun  to  operate  beneficially,  and,  it  is  to  be  hoped, 
will  in  future  secure  to  those  institutions  more  attention  than  hare 
hitherto  been  bestowed  on  them.— -TV. 


56  HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN"- 

of  our  inability  to  obtain  information  from  the  pa* 
tients  themselves,  and  of  the  modifications  which 
the  symptoms,  in  the  age  of  infancy,  so  rapidly 
undergo,  during  the  whole  progress  of  disease.  In 
the  lectures  of  MM.  Jadelot  and  Guersent,  in' 
which  they  make  known  to  their  students  the  re- 
sults of  long  practice  and  accurate  experience,  all 
that  can  be  desired  on  this  subject  may  be  obtain- 
ed. 

M.  Baffos,  senior,  has  the  direction  of  the  surgi- 
cal wards,  which  do  not,  in  general,  offer  any  thing 
very  interesting. 

In  this  hospital,  individuals  affected  with  chro- 
nic diseases,  with  herpes,  psora,  &c.  are  placed  in 
wards  separated  frorn  those  allotted  to  acute  dis- 
eases. Patients  affected  with  porrigo  are  Confided 
to  the  care  of  MM.  Mahon,  (brothers,)  who  are 
proprietors  of  a  remedy  which  they  have  authority 
to  use  under  the  inspection  of  the  physicians  of  the 
establishment,  who  certify  the  cure.  The  remedy 
of  MM.  Mahon,  which  appears,  in  its  results,  to 
have  considerable  efficacy,  is  held  a  secret.  The 
practice  of  M.  Guersent  is  extremely  simple  :  he 
attends  with  very  great  care  to  the  examination  of 
symptoms,  and  does  not,  without  much  caution, 
employ  any  powerful  medicine,  persuaded  that  Na- 
ture has  never  more  resources  than  in  the  age  of 
childhood.  Observation,  and  the  study  of  patholo- 
gical anatomy,  have  proved  to  him,  as  to  many 
others,  that  inflammations  form  the  great  majority 
of  the  diseases  of  children.  The  reader  is  reterred 
to  numerous  articles  on  Pathology  and  Therapeu- 
tics, with  which  M.  Guersent  has  enriched  the 
Dictionnaire  de  J\ledecine,  in  eighteen  volumes. 
He  is  preparing,  besides,  an  important  work  on 
the  Diseases  of  Infancy,  and  he  delivers,  at  present, 
a  clinical  course,  the  more  valuable,  as  combining 
the  theory  with  the  practice. 


HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN.  57 

The  following  details,  presented  to  the  reader, 
were  collected  by  Dr.  Troussel-Delvincourt,  and 
have  been  reviewed  by  M.  Jadelot  himself.  They 
furnish  a  summary  of  his  opinions  on  a  branch  of 
medicine,  which  he  practises  with  a  modesty  equal 
to  his  ability  a*id  success. 

Long  before  the  revolution  which  occurred  in 
medicine  relative  to  essential  fevers,  M.  Jadelot, 
following  the  course  of  his  observations,  directed 
specially  to  the  diseases  of  childhood,  had  been  led 
to  recognise  in  their  affections  a  more  fixed  and 
limited  seat.  t  He  did  not  long  hesitate  in  referring 
a  great  numb'er  of  fevers  to  inflammations,  solitary 
or  co-existing,  of  the  abdomen,  chest,  or  head. 
Those  of  the  abdomen,  he  next  ascertained,  were 
in  a  proportion  infinitely  more  considerable  than 
those  of  the  other  cavities.  On  the  subject  of  in- 
termittent fevers,  the  number  of  which,  it  may  be 
stated,  is  now  much  diminished,  M.  Jadelot  has 
not  formed  any  particular  opinion.  He  employs 
the  known  treatment,  modifying  it  according  as  he 
observes,  amid  the  general  disorder,  any  marked 
alteration  of  function  in  the  different  organs.  He 
thus  successfully  adopts  a  mixed  treatment,  direct- 
ing, for  example,  antiphlogistic  remedies  to  parts 
that  appear  to  be  the  seat  of  some  irritation,  and 
at  the  same  time,  exhibiting  quinquina  alone,  or 
combined  with  camphor,  in  the  form  of  enema. 

Almost  all  that  the  class  of  fevers  has  lost,  has 
been  carried  to  that  of  the  phlegmasise ;  they  have 
been  studied  with  more  care,  and  their  treatment, 
better  adapted  to  their  seat  and  nature,  has  become 
less  tedious  and  more  fortunate.  M.  Jadelot  was 
among  the  first  to  acquire  an  accurate  knowledge 
of  gastric  and  intestinal  inflammations;  he  created 
for  himself,  so  to  speak,  new  methods  of  recognis- 
ing them,  and  arrived,  by  the  inspection  of  the  fea- 
tures of  the  face  alone,  at  an  accuracy  of  diagnosis 


58  HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN. 

truly  remarkable.  This  semeiology,  peculiar  to 
early  life,  though  we  can  sometimes  derive  advan* 
tage  from  it  in  more  advanced  years,  M.  Jadelot 
has  named  physiognomomc  :  in  a  very  few  words, 
a  succinct  idea  of  it  may  be  afforded  to  the  reader. 
Independently  of  the  alterations  o£  colour  which 
the  face  presents,  and  which  furnish  to  the  phy- 
sician signs  more  or  less  positive,  the  expression  of 
the  physiognomy,  and  the  prominence,  more  or  less 
considerable,  of  particular  traits,  are  also  means  of 
clearing  still  farther  the  diagnosis. 

In  the  infant,  whose  facial  muscles  are  not  en- 
dowed with  great  mobility,  three  principal  traits 
present  themselves  to  the  observer.  They  are 
nearly  parallel,  and  direct  themselves  from  the 
centre  towards  the  sides  of  the  face;  the  first, 
(oculo-  zygomaticj)  proceeding  from  the  great  angle 
of  the  eye,  loses  itself  a  little  below  the  projection 
formed  by  the  cheek-bone ;  the  secend,  (nasal,) 
commences  at  the  superior  part  of  the  wing  of.  the 
nose,  and  prolongs  itself  in  a  semicircle,  towards 
the  commissure  of  the  lips  ;  it  is  sometimes  cross- 
ed by  a  small  trait  (genal)  which  directs  itself 
towards  the  middle  of  the  cheek  ;  the  last,  (labial,) 
arises  at  the  commissure  of  the  lips,  and  loses  itself 
towards  the  chin. 

Each  of  these  traits  is  in  relation  to  one  of  the 
visceral  cavities.  The  first  is  connected  with  the 
diseases  of  the  cerebro-nervous  system;  the  second, 
and  its  accessory,  (the  genal.)  with  abdominal  le- 
sions ;  the  third,  lastly,  indicate  the  affections  of 
the  organs  of  circulation  and  respiration. 

This  mode  of  investigation,  valuable  in  regard 
to  patients  incapable  of  Turnishing  any  clear  infor- 
mation to  the  physician,  requires  much  experience  ; 
but  the  results  obtained  from  it  indemnify  the 
physician  for  the  trouble  to  which  he  submits,  in 
gain  his  object. 


HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN.  59 

In  variola,  M.  Jadelot  endeavours  particularly 
to  ascertain  the  different  affections,  manifest  or  la- 
tent, with  which  it  may  be  complicated,  and  on 
this  knowledge  he  modifies  his  treatment.  Thus, 
when  a  violent  angina  shows  itself,  without  having 
regard  to  the  period  of  the  eruption,  lie  employs  an- 
tiphlogistics,  and  the  most  powenul  derivatives.  If 
symptoms  of  gastric  irritation  supervene,  he  com- 
bats them  by  the  appropriate  means,  assured  that 
the  eruption  will  proceed  with  more  facility  in  its 
proper  course.  Jn  the  case  of  coiifiuent  variola,  he 
has  recourse  to  excitants,  and  even  to  the  internal 
use  of  tonics,  either  administered  by  the  mouth, 
or  in  enemata.  During  the  period  of  suppuration, 
he  recommends  to  let  the  pus  contained  in  the 
pustules  flow  out,  especially  when  collected  in 
large  quantity  from  the  confluence  of  the  pustules, 
by  opei  ing  them  with  the  point  of  a  lancet,  or  by 
cutting  with  scissors  the  top  of  the  pustules,  which 
are  after  wards  cleansed  with  a  bit.  of  fine  linen. 
During  convalescence,  he  directs  the  simple  or 
emollient  tei  id  bath,  to  hasten  the  fall  of  the  crusts, 
and  facilitate  the  cutaneous  transpiration. 

Rubeola  is  still  more  frequently  complicated 
than  variola,  with  inflammation,  either  of  the  mu- 
cous or  parenchymatous  structures  of  the  thoracic 
organs,  and  this  complication  merits  a.F  much,  and 
even  more,  care  than  the  original  disease.  To 
antiphlogistic  measures,  M.  Jadelot  is  accustomed 
to  add,  as  tending  to  diminish  the  pulmonary  con- 
gestion, warm  hand  baths,  (maniluves^  rendered 
more  stimulating,  by  vinegar,  common  salt,  or  the 
flour  of  mustard.  If  the  eruption,  after  having  ap- 
peared, is  suddenly  suppressed,  which  usually  hap- 
pens on  inflammation  arising  in  another  part  of 
the  system,  he  has  recourse  to  measures  propor- 
tioned in  their  activity  to  the  danger  which  threat- 
ens the  patient.  If  the  eruption,  notwithstanding, 


60  HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN. 

be  slow  in  re-appearing,  he  employs  the  vapour 
bath,  or  frictions,  either  dry,  or  with  the  addition 
of  stimulating  liniments.  He  does  not  hesitate  to 
prescribe  both  tonics  and  stimulants,  when,  on  ac- 
count of  the  weakness  of  the  subjects,  the  eruption 
does  not  maintain  its  proper  character  and  course. 
He  confines  convalescents  to  a  pretty  severe  regi- 
men, and  administers  purgatives  but  seldom,  and 
those  only  of  the  mildest  kind. 

The  treatment  of  scarlatina  differs  little  from 
that  of  measles.  M.  Jadelot  recommends  us  to  exa- 
mine carefully  the  state  of  the  throat,  in  order  that 
we  may  be  able  to  oppose  in  time  the  angina  gan- 
grenosa,  which  often  comes  to  complicate  the  dis- 
order. 

The  angina  gangrenosa  is  identical,  whether  it 
be  preceded  by  scarlatina,  or  manifest  itself  without 
previous  disease.  At  the  commencement  of  this 
affection,  which  is  generally  inflammatory,  M.  Ja- 
delot follows  a  treatment  purely  antiphlogistic  ; 
but  when  he  perceives,  in  the  bottom  of  the  throat, 
broad  whitish  spots,  accompanied  with  signs  of 
general  debility,  he  has  immediate  recourse  to  si- 
napisms to  the  feet,  gargles,  consisting  of  a  decoc- 
tion of  cinchona,  cataplasms  of  the  flour  of  rice, 
prepared  with  the  same  decoction,  and  sprinkled 
with  aromatic  vinegar  at  the  moment  when  ap- 
plied to  the  throat,  enemata  of  the  camphorated 
decoction  of  bark,  diluent  drinks,  and  fumigations 
with  vinegar,  directed  towards  the  bottom  of  the 
throat.  He  favours  the  action  of  the  bark  cata- 
plasms by  frictions,  made  on  the  sides  of  the  neck, 
with  liniment  of  ammonia.  Sometimes,  though 
rarely,  it  is  necessary  to  resort  to  the  internal  ad- 
ministration of  tonics. 

Inflammation  of  the  mucous  membrane  of  the  air 
passages  is  a  very  frequent  disease  of  infancy, 
and  the  nearer  it  is  to  the  larynx,  its  severity  is 


HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN.  61 

vhe  more  obvious.  M.  Jadelot  is  the  first  who  at- 
tained, by  an  attentive  examination  of  the  patient, 
a  knowledge  of  the  precise  seat  of  the  angina,  a 
circumstance  of  great  importance  as  to  the  treat- 
ment, which  ought  to  be  conducted  with  more  or 
less  activity,  according  as  the  larynx  or  trachea  is 
affected,  or  rather  according  to  the  extent  of  the 
inflammation  in  the  lining  membrane  of  the  air 
tube.  This  treatment  consists  in  the  application 
of  leeches  to  the  fore  part  of  the  neck,  in  sina- 
pisms to  the  inferior  extremities,  laxative  or  pur- 
gative enemata,  and  emetics.  He  gives  the  pre- 
ference, in  general,  to  ipecacuanha  in  powder  or  in 
sirup,  and  employs  it  in  the  case  of  weak  subjects, 
of  a  sluggish  system,  after  having  abated  the  in- 
flammation by  topical  bleeding.  He  entertains,  in 
such  cases,  no  fear  from  its  frequent  repetition, 
even  at  short  intervals. 

M.  Jadelot  considers  croup  as  a  species  of  angina 
of  the  air  passage,  offering  more  violent  symptoms, 
and  having,  as  its  special  character,  veritable  parox- 
ysms, divided  by  well  marked  remissions.  He  ad- 
mits of  different  degrees  in  the  disorder  with  re- 
gard to  intensity,  but  without  changing  his  opinion 
respecting  its  nature.*  Emetics,  and  the  abstrac- 
tion of  blood  by  leeches,  are  the  remedies  chiefly 
employed  in  the  treatment  of  croup.  An  emetic 
alone  has  often  sufficed  to  check  the  disease,  espe- 
cially in  weak,  pale  subjects  ;  but  in  other  eases, 
he  insists  on  the  application  of  leeches,!  and  en- 


*  M.  Guersent,  in  his  clinical  lectures,  notices  a  false  croup,  which 
is  cured  without  any  other  means  than  diet,  rest  in  bed,  and  demul- 
cent drinks. 


62  HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN. 

courages  the  flow  of  blood,  until  the  child  become 
pale,  or  the  force  of  the  pulse  much  diminished 
If  the  bleeding  be  suspended  too  soon,  we  run  the 
risk  of  not  arresting  the  evil,  and  are  obliged,  as 
the  troublesome  consequence  of  this,  to  re-apply 
the  leeches.  After  the  bleeding,  an  emetic  is 
given,  and  vomiting  kept  up  at  intervals  of  two  or 
three  hours,  arid  this  practice  is  attended  with  the 
greatest  success,  the  children  finding  relief  after 
each  act  of  vomition. 

When  croup  has  reached  the  second  stage  without 
having  been  subdued,  and  the  presence  of  a  false 
membrane  is  suspected,  M.  Jadelot  again  applies 
leeches.  As  soon  as  they  have  fallen  off,  he  excites 
vomiting,  and  in  this  case  he  employs,  in  spoonfuls 
every  ten  minutes  or  quarter  of  an  hour,  the  potion 
termed  anti-croupale,  (vide  Table,)  until  the  effect 
of  vomiting  is  obtained.  He  equally  insists  on  the 
use  of  derivatives,  which  act  on  the  skin  or  intestinal 
canal;  and  recommends  also  to  provoke  sneezing  as 
a  means  of  detaching  the  false  membrane  from  the 
trachea. 

As  to  the  question  whether,  when  the  disease  is 
very  rapid,  we  should  commence  by  blood-letting  or 
by  an  emetic,  M.  Jadelot  thinks  that  we  should  first 
bleed  if  the  child  be  robust,  and  present  symptoms  of 
congestion  towards  the  superior  parts;  but,  on  the 
contrary,  that  an  emetic  should  precede  blood-letting, 
which  can  afterwards  be  practised,  when  the  subject 
is  pale,  and  when  little  heat  or  fever  exist. 

The  sulphuret  of  potass  is  a  medicine  which  he 


by  means  of  the  blue  st.one'  In  order  to  apply  it  suitably,  it  is  neces- 
sary to  dry  the  bites,  and  as  soon  as  there  is  formed  a  small  blackish 
crust,  to  cover  it  with  a  small  piece  of  agaric,  supported  by  the  pres- 
sure of  the  ringer  for  a  few  minutes.  Lastly,  cauterization,  by  means 
of  a  small  stylet,  raised  to  a  white  heat,  of  all  the  methods  is  the 
most  sure,  and  least  painful. 


HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDBED.  63 

rarely  employs  in  croup,  and  when  the  inflammation 
runs  high  he  regards  it  as  dangerous.  The  dose 
varies,  but  it  ought  not  to  exceed  half  a  drachm  in 
the  twenty-four  hours. 

After  numerous  observations,  M.  Jadelot  believes 
he  has  ground  for  the  opinion  that  pertussis  consists 
in  an  inflammation  of  the  bronchia,  associated  with  a 
particular  lesion  of  the  nerves,  which  distinguishes  it 
from  ordinary  catarrhs.  In  consequence  of  viewing 
the  disease  in  this  light,  the  treatment  consists  in 
blood-letting,  relaxants,  exhibited  in  various  forms, 
employing  at  the  same  time  derivative's*  and  nar- 
cotics. Besides  the  internal  use  of  narcotics,  their  ex- 
ternal application  to  the  thorax  is  also  directed,  which 
is  done  by  sprinkling  a  cataplasm  with  a  drachm  or 
two  of  pure  laudanum,  or  with  a  solution  of  the 
extract  of  opium, 

In  Hydrocephalus  Acutus,  M.  Jadelot  distinguish- 
es a  gastro-intestinal  irritation,  which  shows  itself  at 
the  outset  of  the  disease,  and  which»precedes  more 
or  less  the  developement  of  the  cerebral  symptoms, 
and  to  which  he  opposes  topical  blood-letting,  with 
emollient  applications  to  the  abdomen.  When  the 
head,  subsequently,  appears  to  be  the  principal  seat  of 
the  affection,  he  adopts  antiphlogistic  measures,  with 
an  immediate  view  to  the  condition  of  this  organ; 
without  losing  sight,  however,  of  the  abdominal  irri- 
tation. He  does  not  apply  ice  to  the  head,  except 
in  the  first  stage  of  the  disease,  before  effusion  has 
formed,  and  when  there  exists  a  violent  congestion 
towards  the  brain.  He  advises  us  not  to  have  re- 
course to  this  application  till  after  the  necessary  local 


*  Sinapisms  of  such  strength  as  only  to  produce  a  slight  redness, 
and  often  renewed-  Frictions  on  the  arms  and  chest  with  acetic  ether. 
Towards  the  end  of  the  disease,  grood  effects  are  obtained  from  blis,- 
• 


64  HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN. 

bleeding  has  been  premised,  and  to  employ  it  while 
the  patient  is  placed  in  a  tepid  bath.  Such  are  the 
means  used  in  the  first  stage ;  but  when  the  symp- 
toms have  made  known  the  existence  of  effusion  be- 
neath the  cranium,  M.  Jadelot  resorts  to  external 
derivatives:  he  applies  a  blister  to  the  nape  of  the 
neck,  and  orders  frictions  of  the  extremities  with 
acetic*  ether,  or  with  volatile  and  aromatic  liniments, 
mercurial  frictions  to  the  shaven  head,  repeated 
every  three,  four,  or  six  hours,  after  having  washed 
the  head  in  the  intervals  with  some  ammoniacal  lini- 
ment. He  administers,  at  the  same  time,  calomel 
internally,  in  the  dose  of  two,  three,  or  four  grains, 
repeated  four  or  five  times  a  day.  Finally,  the 
extreme  resource  is  a  very  large  vesicatory  to  the 
head. 

These  general  observations  on  the  Parisian  hos- 
pitals I  have  added  to  this  work,  with  the  view  of 
furnishing  to  readers  some  documents  on  these  es- 
tablishments, so  important  to  medical  education.  I 
am  far  from  considering  this  sketch  as  complete : 
the  subject  is  too  extensive  and  too  interesting  to  be 
treated  incidentally; — it  may  furnish,  perhaps, 
alone,  the  subject  of  a  subsequent  work,  which,  to 
the  foreigner  especially,  may  prove  interesting  and 
curious.* 

From  the  abundance  of  materials,  I  have  been 
obliged  to  omit  many  things  even  of  interest,  and  if 
I  have  insisted  more  on  certain  hospitals,  it  is  be- 
cause, from  different  circumstances,  they  are  more 
particularly  appropriated  to  instruction :  this  kind 
of  preference  implies  no  disregard  on  my  part  for 
individuals  of  whom  I  have  not  spoken. 


*  M.  Ratier  was  engaged,  when  this  edition  appeared,  with  a  work 
of  the  above  description,  under  the  title  of  Coup  tf&il  sur  les  Cli- 
niques  Medieales  de  la  Faculte  etdes  Hopitaux  Civiles  de  Paris,  and 
which  was  to  appear  in  the  Archives  Generate  de  Medicine. — TV. 


HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN*  65 

The  physician  who  visits  the  hospitals  of  Paris, 
will  observe,  with  satisfaction,  the  zeal  and  talent 
with  which  their  interests  are  conducted.  He  will 
find  that,  for  the  subtle  and  sometimes  seductive 
theories  of  the  ancient  school,  is  now  substituted  the 
course  of  analysis  and  reason ;  and  in  comparing  the 
practice,  he  will  not  fail  to  discover  an  agreement 
and  analogy,  which  furnish  a  very  strong  proof  in 
favour  of  the  actual  state  of  medicine. 

The  physiological  doctrine,  more  or  less  modified , 
but  resting  untouched  in  so  far  as  regards  therapeu- 
tics, is  almost  universally  adopted,  either  avowedly, 
or  in  gradations,' which  it  is  easy  to  trace. 

Much  caution  is,  in  general,  shown  in  the  employ- 
ment of  tonics,  stimulants,  &c.,  useful  remedies, 
without  doubt,  but  of  which  there  has  been  a  singu- 
lar abuse. 

Reason  and  observation  have  brought  back  physi- 
cians to  the  expecting  practice.  Some  confidence 
is  placed  in  the  conservative  powers  of  Nature,  and 
polypharmacy  has  given  way,  in  many  eases,  to  the 
judicious  use  and  combination  of  hygenic  agents.* 
The  resources,  however,  of  the  materia  medica  are 
not  neglected ;  for  by  experiments,  repeated  in  many 
of  the  hospitals,  and  by  different  practitioners,  it  is 
endeavoured  to  determine  the  properties  of  new 
substances,  to  verify  those  which  the  ancients  have 
ascribed  to  medicines  they  have  transmitted  us,  and 
to  discover  new  applications  of  them. 


*  The  more  any  one  frequents  the  different  hospitals,  the  more 
will  he  be  convinced  of  the  good  course  into  which  the  physicians 
have  generally  entered.  Empirical  methods  receive  little  encourage- 
ment. They  are  trie.d,  because  we  ought  not  to  reject  any  new 
knowledge ;  but  as  soon  as  it  is  proved  that  the  enthusiasm  of  the 
inventors  has  imposed  on  them,  these  unsafe  courses  are  abandoned, 
to  return  to  the  means  sanctioned  by  experience,  and  the  knowledge 
of  the  human  organization.  Such  has  been  the  history  of  the  em- 
ployment, in  large  doses,  of  the  Emetic  Tartar. 

6* 


66  HOSPITAL  FOR  CHILDREN. 

Finally,  instead  of  losing  time  in  learned  disser- 
tations, too  often  useless,  it  is  sought  to  multiply 
observations,  and  to  extend  researches  into  patho- 
logical anatomy,  the  only  solid  basis  of  medical 
science.  It  is  to  this  happy  direction  of  spirit  that 
we  owe  the  actual  state  of  the  science,  our  intimacy 
with  which,  if  it  has  not  been  much  extended,  has, 
at  least,  gained  much  in  certainty  and  precision. 


PRACTICAL  FORMULARY 

OF 

THE  HOSPITALS  OF  PARIS. 

8-tgns  and  Abbreviations  of  the  Weights  and  Measures. 

ft Pound. 

g    Ounce. 

3    Drachm. 

9   Scruple. 

gr Grain. 

fs Half* 

Manip Handful. 

^7 Of  each. 

BATHS. 

UNDER  the  name  of  BATH  is  designed  a  liquid 
into  which  the  body  is  plunged,  either  entirely  or  in 
part,  and  for  a  longer  or  shorter  period.  Baths  are 

*  This  sign  expresses  the  half  of  the  quantity  which  precedes  it. 

It  is  proper  to  apprise  the  reader,  that  the  French  weights  have 
been  retained  in  this  Formulary.  The  difference  between  them  and 
our  own  is  so  inconsiderable,  that  scarcely  any  serious  error  could 
arise  from  the  substitution  of  the  one  for  the  other,  while,  by  an  at- 
tempt to  reduce  them  to  an  exact  correspondence  with  English 
weights,  we  must  have  been  led  into  the  inconvenience  of  giving 
Fractional  numbers.  By  referring  to  the  tables  given  by  Dr.  Duncan 
in  the  Edinburgh  New  Dispensatory,  the  reader  may  easily  maka 
himself  acquainted  with  thr  comparative  values  of  the  French  and 
English  weights,— TV. 


6£  BATHS* 

of  different  kinds,  and  are  distinguished  into  uomes- 
tic  and  medicinal,  general  and  local.  The  baths  of 
simple  water  are  the  most  frequently  employed, 
from  a  temperature  of  25  to  30  degrees,*  or  even  to 
the  temperature  of  ice.  Among  the  medicinal  baths 
in  common  use,  maybe  mentioned  the  aromatic,  the 
sulphureous,  mercurial,  <fee. 

The  local  bath  is  preferred  in  cases  where  it  is 
the  intention  to  relax  or  soften  parts  that  are  tume- 
fied and  painful,  or  when  it  is  necessary  to  deter- 
mine a  local  congestion,  such  as  is  occasioned  by  the 
pediluvium  or  hip-bath. 

The  tepid  bath  of  simple  water  is  the  most  gene- 
rally employed  in  acute  inflammatory  affections, 
rheumatic  pains,  and  nervous  diseases  :  it  is  an  ad- 
mirable mean,  the  use  of  which  cannot  be  too  much 
extended. 

Medicines  are  sometimes  administered  under  the 
form  of  baths,  when  the  stomach  is  unable  to  sup- 
port them;  bat  the  cutaneous  absorption  is  seldom 
sufficiently  powerful  to  allow  u£  to  calculate  on  any 
certain  benefit.  Some  have  employed,  as  a  mean, 
of  exciting  the  skin,  the  tartar  emetic  baths,  using, 
as  the  largest  quantity,  a  pound  of  the  medicine  for 
each  bath. 

For  local  baths  are  used  the  emollient^  aromatic, 
and  narcotic  fluids  that  are  employed  for  fomenta- 
tions, lotions,  &c, 

Anti^psoric  Bath,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Sulphured  Potassse Jfe  i. 

Aquae q.  s. 


*  The  degrees  here  expressed  are  those  of  ReaMnnr.    To  bring 

them  to  ttvcole  of  Fahrenheit,  one  degree  of  which  » equal  to  4r$&* 

of  a  degree  of  Reaamar  a,  it  a  necessary  to  multiply  by  9,  and  divide 

'The  quotient,  gives  the  ccrresnms&fly  avmber  of  <fcgre0v  Off 


<l  VTrf>. 

Tins  Imlli  lias  broil  nnployod  wiili  some  success 
iiifainsl  .psora;    but  ,  ns  a  .  nMiiiMly,   it    in  not  UK;  most 

..Innmtlv-  ll,ilh,(\M  I'itH'.—  M.  JUi.i.v.) 
Aqiur  .......................  cj.  s. 

Rorisinarini  Oil*  .........   x 

'  OH*  .............   / 


Tliyini 
Boil,  and  add  to  Ilic 

Kssonlia-  Siiponis  .............  ^  iv. 

1  lydro-chloratis  Ammoniic  .....  3    "• 
Used  in  c.lirnnic  diarrhceaB,  chronic  rlicMiiiinl.isin.s. 
>ni(«  ^outy  affections,  dyspepsia,  consumption,  :in<l 
atrophia.—  (JVbtc  by  M.  Bal/;/.) 

Anti-syphilitic  Bath,  (HApital  des  V6nerions.) 

*Deuto-chloridiHydrargyri.  .  gr.  vi.  —  xii. 
AqucB  Distillates  ...............  ft  viii. 

Aquce  Communis(30°)  ..........  }fe  cc. 

This  bath,  employed  against  syphilis,  has  not  been 
followed  by  results  sufficiently  satisfactory  to  1^ 
continued  in  use. 

Mercurial  Bath,  (Maisoii  de  Sante.) 
Deuto-chloridi  Ilydnir/ryri    .  ...  3  ii.  —  3  *• 
Aqilffi   ........................  ]fe  CC 

Mercurial  baths  are  employed  against  venereal 


*  I  have  adopted  the  term  chloride  to  exproiw  tho  combination!  of 
chlorine,  at)  legg  exceptionable  than  that  of  chlorurety  which  htii  been 
inaccurately  applied  liy  tiio  French-  The  Iflrmiimtion  urt-i.  having 
been  nuloctod  to  exprCBH  in  cornpoiindH  tl'«-  ••.\i^t<;iici:  ol'  rurltun  in 

ftammable  bodiei,  i»,  in  contct oomenotEtttr9f inapplietbto to  «;lii<»- 

tino,  which,  ranking  anion^  tin-  ucidil'vin^  |irinci|)h'>,  i»»«jht,  in  ilir 
Name  way  as  oxygon,  to  have  itn  cnmbinHinnm  d«ii«ti-d  l»y  »hn  BrllnhlB 
ide-~  T> 


™  BATH*. 

affections  in  the  cases  where  we  have  reason  to  fear 
the  action  of  the  sublimate  upon  the  stomach.  We 
commence  with  two  drachms  for  each,  carrying  it 
to  the  extent  of  one  ounce.  Thirty  baths  suffice, 
in  general,  for  the  treatment. 

Sulphureous  Bath,  (Hopital  des  Enfans.) 

Sulphureti  Potass^ 3  ii. 

Aquae  Communis ft  c. 

This  bath,  used  in  the  same  circumstances  as 
the  sulphureous  bath  of  the  other  hospitals,  differs 
nothing  from  it  but  in  the  proportion  of  sulphuret, 
accommodated  to  the  delicacy  of  the  skin  in  young 
subjects* 

Sulphureous  Bath  with  Gelatin. — (M.  DUPUYTREN.) 

Sulphureti  Potassse 3  iv. 

Aquse  Communis 3j  cc. 

Add  to  this  solution, 

Ichthyocollae fe  ii. 

In  Aquse  Bullientis  solutse    ft  x. 

These  baths  have  all  the  properties  of  those  of 
the  artificial  Bareges  waters,  and  are  free  from  their 
inconvenience.  They  do  not  irritate  nor  excite  that 
feverishness  which  the  latter  not  unfrequently  do. 
The  addition  of  the  gelatine  communicates  to  them 
unctuous  and  demulcent  qualities,  which  render 
them  preferable  to  the  common  sulphur  baths,  in 
all  cases  where  we  dread  any  irritating  effects  from 
the  latter. — (Note  communicated  by  Professor  Du- 
puytren.) 

Alcaline  Foot  Bath,  (Saint  Antoine.) 

Subcarbonatis  Potassse 3  viii. 

Aqua3 q.  s. 

From  the  irritation  it  determines  to  the  feet,  em- 
ployed often  as  a  revulsive  in  sanguineous  conges- 
tions of  the  superior  parts 


BATHS,  71 

tMustard  Pediluvium. 

Pulvcris  Sinapeos g  iv. 

Aquae q«  s. 

Employed  in  the  same  cases  as  the  preceding : 
The  temperature  at  which  it  is  given  is  of  some 
consequence*  When  the  water  is  very  hot,  its 
impression  is  rapid,  but  transitory,  and  the  afflux 
of  blood  towards  the  head  soon  returns  with  greater 
impetuosity.  On  the  contrary,  the  pediluvium, 
when  tepid,  a/cts  by  the  irritating  quality  of  the 
mustard,  determines  a  permanent  repletion  of  the 
inferior  extremities,  and  produces  a  much  more 
powerful  derivation. 

Hand  Baths. — These  are  prepared  with  mus- 
tard, or  the  carbonate  of  potassa,  sometimes  with 
the  hydro-chloric  acid.  They  are  useful  in  cases 
where  the  blood  directs  itself  too  abundantly  to- 
wards'the  chest,  as  in  aneurism  of  the  heart,  hae- 
moptysis, asthma,  &c.  About  half  the* quantity  is 
used  as  that  prescribed  for  a  bath  to  the  feet. 

Aqueous  Vapour  Baths. — The  vapour  baths 
are  produced  by  the  evaporation  of  boiling  water 
in  a  suitable  apparatus.  They  are  used  with  suc- 
cess in  rheumatic  and  cutaneous  affections,  and  in 
every  case  where  it  is  proper  to  provoke  a  free 
exhalation  from  the  skin.  Recent  experiments, 
made  at  the  Hospital  of  St.  Louis,  have  proved, 
that  they  can  suffice  for  the  removal  of  psora 
without  any  accessory  treatment.  The  use  of  the 
aqueous  vapour  bath  is  avoided  in  subjects  in  whom 
the  thorax  is  delicate,  and  in  those  affected  with 
asthma,  or  aneurism  of  the  heart.  In  all  cases  it 
is  necessary  that  the  patient  be  placed  for  the  first 
time  on  the  lowest  step,  arising  only  by  degrees 
at  the  higher,  where  the  heat  is  more  violent. 

Aromatic  Vapour  Bath. — This  is  administered  by 
making  the  vapour  of  water  pass  over  different  aro- 


tX  JJATHS. 

matic  plants,  the  active  principles  of  which  it  carries 
off  in  its  passage.  This  bath,  more  powerful  than 
the  preceding,  is  employed  in  analogous  affections, 
but  showing  a  greater  intensity.  As  it  is  adminis- 
tered in  the  same  apparatus,  and  by  the  same  proce- 
dure, the  same  precautions,  already  mentioned,  are 
applicable, 

Sulphureous  Baths  of  Bareges. 

Sulphureti  Potassse 3  iv. 

Aquas  Commuiiis ]fe  cc. 

These  baths,  at  first  applied  to  the  treatment  of 
cutaneous  affections,  have  been  extended  with  more 
or  less  success  to  a  number  of  very  different  diseases. 
Their  stimulant  action  on  the  skin  renders  them 
useful  when  the  object  is  to  effect  a  derivation  on 
an  extensive  surface.  Several  practitioners  have 
had  recourse  to  them  with  advantage  in  nervous  dis- 
eases, as  a  mean  of  remedying  the  unequal  distribu- 
tion of  the  hervtms  sensibility. 

Douches. — To  the  action  of  the  liquid,  the  douches 
unite  a  percussion  more  or  less  considerable.  The 
douches  are  administered  by  causing  to  fall,  from  a 
certain  height  on  the  p^rt  affected,  a  body  of  warm 
or  cold  water,  either  simple  or  medicated.  They 
are  distinguished  into  simple,  or  la  douche  en  arro- 
soir,  (shower  bath,)  according  as  a  column  of  water, 
more  or  less  considerable,  falls  upon  a  part,  or  is  di- 
vided into  a  number  of  small  streams.  M.  Esquirol 
has  erected  at  La  Salpetriere  an  apparatus  fitted  to 
administer  the  douches  en  masses,  that  is  to  say,  in 
which  a  considerable  volume  of  water  is  precipita- 
ted at  once. 

The  shower  baths  directed  on  the  head  are  em- 
ployed in  the  treatment  of  the  insane.  They  are 
administered  while  the  patient  is  placed  in  a  warm 
bath.  Their  application  to  different  parts  of  the 
body  is  recommended  in  chronic  distensions  of  the 


CAT  AM- ASMS,  *  3 

viscera  in  rigidities,  contractions  of  the  articulations, 
&c.  For  this  purpose,  the  natural  or  artificial  min- 
eral waters,  sulphureous,  ferruginous,  thermal,  are 
generally  preferred. 

The  ascending  douches  are  given  by  means  of  a 
canula  fitted  to  the  pipe  of  an  elevated  reservoir. 
They  are  directed  to  the  intestinum  rectum  and  va- 
gina, by  introducing  the  canula  into  these  cavities. 
Good  effects  are  often  obtained  from  them  in  cases 
of  obstinate  constipation,  leucorrhoea,  and  in  chronic 
affections  of  the  uterus  which  had  been  suspected  a? 
schirrus. 

Affusions. — Affusions  simply  consist  in  throwing 
cold  water  over  the  whole  or  a  part  of  the  body.  In 
cerebral  affections  they  are  used  to  the  head  while 
the  patient  is  kept  in  the  warm  bath.  Affusion  of 
the  whole  body  has  been  practised  in  cases  of  adyna- 
mic  and  ataxic  fevers;  it  may  be  said,  however,  to 
be  seldom  employed. 

CATAPLASMS. 

A  cataplasm  is  a  soft,  pultaceous  composition,  de- 
signed to  be  applied  on  a  part,  forthe  purpose  of  there 
accumulating  heat,  and  forming  a  sort  of  bath.  It 
is  made  of  pulps,  powders,  or  farina,  either  with 
pure  water,  with  decoction  of  plants,  or  with  milk. 
Oils,  fats,  or  ointments,  are  sometimes  added.  Cat- 
aplasms are  usually  employed  warm ;  and  are  placed 
on  all  parts  of  the  body.  Those  most  in  use  are 
the  emollient,  narcotic,  and  the  sinapism. 

Emollient  Cataplasm. 

FarinaB  Seminum  Lini . .    )  _  ,pn,ialp« 

Hordei  (  a  a  P 

Aquas q.  s. 

Applied  to  external  inflammatory  tumours.     It 
also  acts  by  contiguity  when  placed  on  the  skin, 
in  the  case  of  inflammation  of  subjacent  parts.     It 
7 


74  CATAPLASMS. 

is  likewise  a  convenient  means  of  encouraging  the 
flow  of  blood  after  the  application  of  leeches. 

Suppurative  Cataplasm,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Cataplasmatis  emollientis ft  ii. 

Unguenti  resinosi 3  i. — ii. 

Employed  with  advantage,  when  the  intention 
is  to  bring  quickly  a  phlegmonous  tumour  to  sup- 
puration. 

Anodyne-  Cataplasm,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Pulveris  Seminum  Lini *  ft  i. 

Hordei ft  i. 

Decocti  Narcotici* q.  s. 

Tincturse  Opii,  vel 

Solutionis  Opii   Crudi 3  i. — ii. 

This  cataplasm,  both  narcotic  and  relaxing,  serves 
well  in  inflammations,  whether  external  or  internal, 
accompanied  with  acute  pain. 

Cataplasm  for  Hospital  Gangrene.  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Gataplasmatis  emollientis. 

Citri  medicse  concisse. 

Pulveris  Kino,  (according  to  prescription.) 
This  application  has  been  used  with  advantage 
in  cases  where  wounds  or  ulcers  have  assumed 
that  unhealthy  action,  originating  from  an  hospital 
atmosphere :  nothing,  however,  is  of  more  import- 
ance in  such  cases  than  attention  to  cleanliness 
and  regimen. 

Anti-septic  Cataplasm,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Cataplasmatis  emollientis. 

Pulveris  Kino. 

C amphorae,  (according  to  prescription.) 


S^&ecoctions. 


CS.  75 

Used  in  the  same  cases  as  the  preceding,  and  in 
simple  gangrene. 

Resolvent   Cataplasm,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Cataplasmatis  emollientis. g  iv. 

Sub-acetatis  Plumbi g  i. 

Hydro-chloratis  Ammonise 3  fs. 

Applied  to  inflammatory  tumours  when  they 
have  become  less  sensible,  and  when  they  require 
to  be  gently  excited. 

Sinapism,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Cerevisiae  fermenti g  iv. 

FarinsB  Seminum  Sinapeos g  i. 

Acidi  Acetici  fortis q.  s. 

This  cataplasm  is  usefully  employed  as  a  rubefa- 
cient  and  derivative.  The  sinapism,  common  to 
all  the  hospitals,  consists  of  g  iv.  of  the  flour  of 
mustard,  with  a  suitable  proportion  of  vinegar. 
At  the  Hospice  de  la  Maternite,  an  ounce  of  the 
hydro-chlorate  of  ammonia  is  added,  to  render  it 
more  irritating. 

Mild  Sinapism,( Hospital  for  children.) 

Cataplasmatis  Lini g   iv. 

Farinte  Sinapeos g  fs. 

This  sinapism  is  preferred  as  less  irritating,  and 
is  employed  in  cases  where  it  is  necessary  to  en- 
courage towards  the  inferior  extremities  a  conti- 
nued, rather  than  a  very  rapid  derivation.  M. 
Jadelot  has  recourse  to  it  with  much  success  in 
cerebral  affections ;  M.  Lerminier  prescribes  often 
its  application  in.  fever,  with  congestion  towards 
some  important  organ,  particularly  to  the  head. 

Chamomile  Cataplasm,  (Idem.) 

Florum  Antheraidis  Nobilis g  iv. 

Acidi  Acetici . , g  iv. 


70 

Resolvent  Cataplasm  ,  (Idem.) 
Saponis  Albi  ...................  g  iv, 

Farinas  Seminum  Hordei  ......  3  viii. 

Aquae  ........................  q.  s. 

These  two  cataplasms,  although  differing  in  com- 
position, are  nearly  analogous  in  their  properties, 

COLLYRIA. 

The  name  of  Collyria  is  given  to  preparations 
ihat  are  applied  to  the  eyes.  They  are  usually 
Hquid,  and  are  composed  of  infusions,  decoctions, 
or  distilled  waters,  with  the  addition  of  various 
substances. 

Dry  collyria  consist  of  simple  or  compound 
powders,  which  are  blown  "  between  the  eyelids 
and  the  globe  of  the  eye. 

Dry  Collyrium,  (Hotel  Dieu.  —  M.  RECAMIER.) 


Tere  simul  in  Pulverem. 

Dry  Collyrium.  (Hotel  Dieu.-—  M.  DUPUYTREN.) 
Sacchari  Albi  ..................  3  ii. 

Oxidi  Hydrargyri  Rubri  .........  gr.  x. 

Oxidi  Zinci  Impuri  prseparati  .  .   gr.xx. 

The  dry  collyria  are  employed,  by  being  blown 
into  the  eyes,  when,  in  consequence  of  chronic  oph- 
thalmia, there  exist  specks  on  the  transparent 
cornea.  Although  their  composition  varies,  they 
have  all  the  same  object,  which  they  more  or  less 
fulfil. 

Simple    Detersive    Collyrium.,    (H6tel-Dieu,    Saint 

Antoine.) 
Aquae  Rosas  distillatse  ........    g  iv. 

Snlphatis  Zinci  .  .......    ,  .  .  -  or   \  v 


Resolvent  Collyrium,  (Idem.) 
Infusi  Florum  Sambuci  Nigrse    .  3  *v/ 

Acetatis  Plumbi , gr.  yi. 

Alcoholic 3  "• 

These  two  collyria  possess  analogous  properties, 
They  are  used  in  chronic  ophthalmia,  kept  up  by  a 
state  of  debility  of  the  tissues.  They  act  by  pro- 
ducing an  astriction  which  diminishes  the  afflux 
of  fluids  to  the  part. 

Sacchari  Crystallizati 3  i. 

Iridis  Florentines  .  . . . ,  51. 

Lapidis  Divini*  ......... 3  i. 

Spiritus  Tennioris g  *• 

Aquse  distillate 3  i.  fs. 

M.  Recamier  recommends  this  collyrium  agaiflS.t 
specks  of  the  cornea  in  scrofulous  subjects. 

Resolutive  Collyrium^  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Florum  Meliloti . . . , * . .  3  fs. 

Aquae . . .  .ft  i. 

Acetatis  Plumbi  3  i. 

\-el  Acetatis  Cupri * gr.  x. 

vel  Sulphatis  Zinci 3   fs, 

vel  Sulphatis  Cupri gr.  x. 


*  Pierre  Divine, — the  name  vulgarly  given  to  a  mass  of  salts  fused 
by  heat,  and  used  in  solution  ae  a  coJlyrium.  The  following  is  the 
formula  given  for  it  in  the  French  Pharmacopoeia: 

Sulphatis  Cupri  puri 

Nitratis  Potassae 

Sulphatis  Alumina 
The  ealts  are  reduced  to  powder,  and  fused  in  a  crucible  A  drachm 
•f  powdered  camphor  is  added,  and  the  mass,  when  cooled,  get 
apart  for  use.  To  form  a  coljyriurn,  one  drachm  of  the  matter  ttitts 
prepared  is  dift&Ived  in  two  pounds  of  common  water.— Tf*. 


t£  COLLYRiA* 

Dry  Collyrium.  (Idem.) 

Sacehari  Crystallizati >  —  ,_  ~j 

Oxidi  Zinci  Imp.  prsep....$a 

Dry  Collyrium,  (Saint  Antoine.) 

Opii gr-iv. 

Proto-chloridis  Hydrargyri : £)  i. 

Sacchari  Purificati 9  i. 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri. . ,-.  .gr.  i. 

Gummi  Tragacanthse 9  i. 

Tincturse  Opii gtt.  xviii. 

Aquse  Rosse .  3  iv. 

This  colly  rium  is  serviceable  in  obstinate  oph- 
thalmies,  whether  depending  on  a  venereal  taint,  or 
unconnected  with  it.  Its  action  is  soothing,  and 
powerfully  resolvent. 

Aluminous  Colyrium.  (Saint  Antoine.) 

Aqua?  Rosse )  —  „  •• 

Aquse  Communis (  a  a  ^ 

Sulphatis  x^lumini  et  Potassse 9  i. 

This  preparation  acts  as  a  styptic,  which  fits  it  to 
restore  the  tonicity  of  the  conjunctiva,  after  inflam- 
mation of  that  membrane. 

Emollient  Collyrium^  (Hopital  des  Enfans.) 
Radicis  Althaeas  Officinalis .....  3  ii. 

Aquse Ife  i- 

Employed  in  inflammations  of  the  conjunctiva,  ac- 
companied with  violent  irritation. 

Collyrium  of  Roses  and  Melilot,  (Idem,) 

Aquae  Rosae 3  iv. 

Infusi  Meliloti 3  iv- 

A  weak  resolutive,  and  useful  in  the  second  stage 


COLLYRIA,  79 

of  inflammation,  or  at  the  commencement  of  a  slight 
ophthalmia. 

Resolutive  Collyria,  (Idem.) 
Infusi  Florum  Sambuci  Nigrse. .  .ft  i. 
Acetatis  Pluinbi 3  fs. 

Oxidi  Zinci gr.  vi. 

AquaB  Plantaginis  Majoris 3  yi* 

Employed  with  advantage  at  the  commencement 
of  ophthalmia  in  a  debilitated  subject,  in  whom  there 
is  little  reason  to  fear  that  the  inflammation  will  be 
intense,  or  at  the  end  of  acute  ophthalmia,  when  the 
irritation  has  been  previously  combated  by  the  appro- 
priate remedies. 

Opiate  Collyrium,  (Hdpital  des  Enfans.) 

Aquae Jfe  i. 

Extracti  Opii 3  fs. 

Anodyne  Collyrium^  (Idem. — M.  JADELOT.) 

Colchici  Autumnalis 3  i. 

A  quae  Lini  bullientis g  iv. 

Tincturse  Opii 3  i. 

These  two  collyria  are  used  in  the  inflammations, 
accompanied  with  great  sensibility. 

Astringent  Collyrium,  (Idem.) 

Infusi  Sambuci  Nigrse Jfe  i. 

Sulphatis  Zinci 9  i. 

Much  employed  in  scrofulous  ophthalmies,  which 
are  usually  attended  with  a  puriform  exudation, 
more  or  less  abundant. 

Opiate  Collyrium^  (La  Charite.) 

Aquse  distillatae 3  iv. 

Extracti  Opii  aquosi , .  . .  gr.  ii. 


Collyriwn  of  the  Sulphate  of  Zinc ,  (Ideffl.) 

Aquae  Rosse 3  iv. 

Sulphatis  Zinci * . .  gr.  xvi. 

Collyrium  of  the  Acetate  of  Lead ',  (Idem.) 

Aquse  Communis . ,3  iv. 

Acetatis  Plumbi «  . . . .  gr.  x. 

These  two  collyria  are  astringent  and  resolutive., 
according  to  the  stage  of  the  disease  in  which  they 
are  applied.  They  facilitate  resolution  when  used 
in  an  ophthalmia  nearly  terminating,  arid  prevent 
its  return  when  it  has  ceased,  by  the  astriction 
which  they  produce  in  the  capillary  vessels  of  the 
conjunctiva. 

FOMENTATIONS. 

A  fomentation  is  a  remedy  which  consists  in  the 
application  of  a  fluid  by  means  of  a  flannel  or 
sponge  to  some  part  of  the  body,  forming  there  a 
species  of  tepid  bath,  preserved  for  a  longer  or 
snorter  time,  by  renewing  it  when  it  becomes  cold. 
Fomentations  are  usually  prepared  from  the  infu- 
sion, or  rather  the  decoction,  of  some  mucilaginous 
and  narcotic  plants. 

Fomentations,  to  be  efficacious,  should  be  often 
renewed  ;  for,  when  allowed  to  become  cold,  they 
are  frequently  more  hurtful  than  useful.  It  is  on 
this  account  that,  in  many  cases,  practitioners  pre- 
fer the  applications  of  cataplasms.  I  have  placed 
lotions  under  the  same  head  with  fomentations,  as 
there  is  an  analogy  betwixt  them,  in  so  much  as 
they  are  often  composed  of  the  same  fluids.  Some, 
however,  are  composed  of  particular  medicaments, 
as  those  employed  in  the  treatment  of  psora,  &c. 


FOMENTATIONS.  81 

Vinous  Fomentations ,  (H6tel-Dieu.) 

Vini  Rubri ft  ii. 

Foliorum  Rosse  Gallicae 3  ^* 

Vini  Rubri ft  ii. 

Mellis . ....  3  iv. 

These  two  fomentations  are  applied  to  parts  in 
which  it  is  necessary  to  reanimate  the  vital  proper- 
ties. A  piece  of  charpie  soaked  in  them  is  laid  over 
wounds  and  ulcers  whose  surfaces,  from  deficient 
action,  furnish  a  suppuration  of  a  bad  quality. 

Saponaceous  Fomentation,  (H6tel-Dieu.) 

Spiritus  Vini  Gallici ft  ii. 

Saponis  Medicinalis 3  i. 

This  solution  is  useful  in  different  cases  where  a 
resolvent  application  is  required.  It  is  frequently 
employed  in  sprains,  and  in  different  lesions  of  the 
joints,  after  the  inflammation  has  disappeared. 

Narcotic  Fomentation,  (H6tel-Dieu.) 

Opii 3  ii. 

Aquae ft  i. 

The  name  of  this  fomentation  indicates  the  cir- 
cumstances in  which  it  should  be  had  recourse  to. 

Anti-Psoric  Lotion,  (M.  DUPUYTREN,) 

Sulphureti  Potassae 3   iv. 

Aquae ft  i. 

Acidi  Sulphurici 3  iv. 

Employed  successfully  in  psora;  it  is  repeated 
two  or  three  times  a-day  on  the  parts  covered  with 
pustules,  and  to  this  treatment  the  simple  bath  is 
Conjoined, 


82  FOMENTATIONS. 

Mustard    Fomentation,    (La    Charite. — M.     Fou- 
QUIER.) 

Faringe  Sinapeos 3  iv. 

A  quse  Ferventis Jfe  i. 

When  it  is  wished  to  prolong  irritation,  linen 
cloths,  soaked  in  this  solution,  are  substituted  for 
sinapisms  By  this  mean  a  degree  of  heat  is  main- 
tained calculated  to  draw  blood  to  the  feet,  and  to 
diminish  the  congestion  that  may  tend  to  establish 
itself  in  the  brain,  or  any  other  important  organ. 

Emollient  Fomentation,  (La  Maternite.) 

Seminum  Lini 3  ii. 

Foliorum  Althaeae  Officinalis 3  ii. 

Aquae fe  ii. 

Employed  in  inflammatory  affections  of  the  abdo- 
men, and  in  cases  of  the  inflammatory  oedema  so  com- 
mon as  a  consequence  of  parturition.  With  the  ad- 
dition of  a  few  poppy  heads,  it  Is  often  thought  pre- 
ferable, as  more  likely  to  diminish  the  nervous  sus- 
ceptibility. 

Resolvent  Fomentation,  (Maternite.) 

Florum  Meliloti ) •• 

Sambuci  Nigraj . . . .  $  a  a  3  ^ 

Foliorum  Menthae >  • 

Salviae  Officinalis  £  — ^ 

Aquas  bullientis ft  ii. 

Spiritus  Vim  Gallici  3  iij. 

vel  Acidi  Acetici 3  i. 

Used  in  slight  inflammations,  and  in  those  more 
severe,  which  have  been  diminished  by  antiphlogis- 
tic treatment. 


FOMENTATIONS.  83 

Radicis  Potentillee  Reptantis* g  i. 

Corticis  Quercus 3  vi. 

Foliorum  Rosee  Gallicae 3  vi. 

Aquse ffei. 

Useful  in  cases  that  require  astringent  applica- 
tions. It  is  rendered  more  powerful  by  the  addi- 
tion of  the  sulphate  of  zinc,  or  acetate  of  lead. 

Supertartratis   Potassas  solubilisf . .  3  i. 

Aquae ft  i. 

Prescribed  against  fungous,  atonic,  and  gangren- 
ous ulcers,  either  in  lotion  or  fomentation. 

Foliorum  Nicotiariae  Tabaci 5  ii. 

Aquae fe  i. 

Though  employed  in  psora,  the  removal  of  which 
it  sometimes  very  rabidly  procures,  it  is  far  from 
an  eligible  remedy,  from  the  nausea  and  vomiting 
it  is  apt  to  occasion. 

Mercurial  Lotions,  St.  Louis. — (M.  MAURY.) 

Hydrargyri 3  ii. 

Acidi  Nitrici 3  iv. 

Aquse  distillatae jfe  x. 

Treat  the  mercury  with  the  nitric  acid,  and  com- 
plete the  solution  by  adding  the  distilled  water. 


*  Cinqfoil,  or  five  leaved  grass.  Root  and  leaves  are  astringent, 
and  sometimes  used  as  a  wash,  to  strengthen  the  gums. 

t  The  supertartrate  of  potasaa  is  rendered  soluble  by  being  com- 
bined with  a  proportion  of  boracic  acid.  The  formula  generally 
adopted  is  the  following  : — 

Supertartrate  of  Potassa    ....    4  parts. 

Boracic  Acid 1  do. 

Distilled  Water 24  do. 

The  mixture  is  exposed  to  lieat  till  the  supertartrate  be  dissolved, 
and  is  then  filtered  and  evaporated  to  dryness.  The  mass  is  afterwards 
reduced  to  powder.  See  a  paper  on  this  subject  by  M.  Sonbeirani  fn 
the  Journal  de  Pharmacie,  torn.  ix. —  TV. 


84  FOMENT  ATIOISs. 

Half  an  ounce  morning  and  evening  is  used  as  a 
lotion. 

This  solution,  of  which  Dr.  Maury  was  the  first 
to  give  the  formula,  is  now  at  the  Hospital  of  St. 
Louis  in  habitual  use  in  the  treatment  of  psora, 
not  because  it  cures  it  more  promptly  than  other 
preparations,  but  as  being  convenient  and  econo- 
mical, and  free  also  from  the  objection  of  staining 
the  linen.  It  has  proved  to  be  very  efficacious  in 
the  prurigo  formicans,  and  also  in  the  prurigo  pe- 
diculariis.  Its  irritating  action  is  corrected  by  the 
addition  of  camphor  in  the  proportion  of  two 
drachms  to  the  chopin.  The  medium  duration  of 
the  treatment  is  about  twenty-three  days. 

Saponaceous  Alcoholic  Lotion,  (St.    Louis. — M. 
LUGOL.) 

Saponis  Albi . .  , 3  viii. 

Alcoholis ft  ii. 

M.  Lugol  was  led  to  employ  this  solution  in 
seeking  against  psora  a  remedy  free  from  the  incon- 
venience of  staining  the  linen.  It  possesses  that 
advantage,  but  as  it  is  rather  expensive,  it  is  more 
applicable  in  private  practice  than  in  an  hospital, 
where  the  more  economical  means  ought  to  have 
the  preference. 

Lotions  of  M.  Alibert,  (St.  Louis.) 

I.  Sulphureti  Potassse 3  i. — ii. 

Aquae fe  i. 

II.  Acidi  Hydro-chlorici 3  i. — ii* 

Aquae  distillatae )fe  ii. 

Mix  one  ounce  of  each  lotion  with  four  ounces 
of  warm  water,  to  be  applied  by  means  of  a  sponge. 
This  lotion  has  been  employed  with  some  suc- 
,  in  psora. 


FOMENTATIONS.  85 

Astringent  Lotion. — (M.  ALIBERT.) 

Aquse  ROSEB . . .  .  fe  fs. 

Aluminis 3  iii. 

Hydro-chloratis  AmmoniaB 3  i. 

Solutio.  Sulphuros.  Baregise 3  i. 

Mercurial  Lotion. — (M.  ALIBERT.) 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri 3  i. 

Aquse  distillatse ft  i. 

This  solution  is  employed  in  the  quantity  of  one 
to  two  ounces.  A  bit  of  linen  or  sponge  is  soaked 
in  it,  with  which  the  parts  affected  are  bathed. 
M.  Alibert  employs  it  with  success  in  the  treat- 
ment of  some  cutaneous  affections,  especially  in 
those  which  are  of  a  syphilitic  nature.  As  to  the 
red  colour  of  this  preparation,  it  is  owing  to  the 
alkalet,*  added  in  order  to  prevent  any  dangerous 
mistake. 

Lotions  with  Sulphur  and  Soap,  (Saint  Louis.) 

Sulphuris >  _      ... 

SaponisAlbi \  aa%  m' 

Aquae Ife  xv. 

Dissolve  .the  soap,  grated  down,  in  the  water — 
express  it  through  a  piece  of  linen,  and  add  the 
sulphur. 

These  lotions  employed  against  psora,  have 
succeeded  in  the  majority  of  cases.  The  only  in- 
convenience attending  them  is,  that  they  some- 
times excite  redness  and  pimples,  which,  however, 
soon  disappear  on  the  treatment  being  for  a  little 
suspended. 


*Anchusa  Tinctoria. 


86  FOMENTATIONS. 

Astringent  Fomentation,  (Hopital  des  Enfans.) 

Radicis  Bistortae %  ii. 

Corticis  Punicse  Granati 3  ii. 

Vini  Rubri jfe  i. 

Hydro-chloratis  Ammoniae . ..   . . 3  ii. 

Vinous  Lotion,  ( ) 

Vini  Rubri fe  i. 

Mellis . , 3  ii. 

Tonic,  astringent,  and  resolvent,  useful  in  the 
case  of  wounds  and  ulcers  of  a  bad  aspect. 

Infusi  Florum  Sambuci  Nigrse . . .  }fe  i. 

Alcoholis  camphorati 3  ii. 

Stimulant  and  resolutive,  employed  with  advan- 
tage in  scrofulous  children,  in  the  case  of  chronic 
and  indolent  glandular  obstructions. 

Saponis 3  ii. 

Alcoholis   Ife  i. 

This  lotion  is  powerfully  resolvent,  and  may  be 
used  with  efficacy  in  the  treatment  of  psora. 

Lotions  of  Bark,  ( ) 

Cinchonse 3  i. 

Aquse }fe  i. 

With  the  addition  of  3  viii.  of  camphorated  alco- 
hol, this  lotion  is  rendered  more  powerful,  and 
may  be  employed  wherever  a  tonic  and  stimulant 
application  is  required. 

Anodyne  Lotions,  (Salpetriere. — M.  MAGENDIE.) 
Aque?  distillates  Lactucse .......  ft  ii. 

*Acidi  Hydro-cyanici  Medicinalis .  3  ii. 

The  quantity,  as  a  lotion,  may  be  carried  to  the 


*See  article  Hydro-cyanic  Acid. 


FUMIGATIONS.  87 

extent  of  four  drachms — applied  in  cases  of  herpes 
and  ulcerated  cancer,  and  as  an  injection  in  cancer 
of  the  uterus. 

Narcotic  Fomentation,  (Maison  de  Sante.) 

Foliorum  Solani  Dulcamara? g  ii. 

Capsularum  Papaveris  Albi 3  ii. 

Aquae Jfe  i. 

This  decoction  is  much  used  at  the  Maison  de 
Sante,  as  a  fomentation,  an  injection,  and  enema  in 
every  case  where  a  soothing  remedy,  is  needful. 

Vini  Salviae  Officinalis Jfe  ii. 

Alcoholis  Camphorati 3  viii. 

Stimulant  and  tonic.  Vinous^jmentations  are 
also  made  with  jumper  berries  and  sage,  which 
are  stimulant  and  aromatic. 

Vegeto-Mineral  Water ',  (La  Charite.) 

Aquae  Communis 3  viii. 

Sub-acetatis  Plumbi 3  i. 

Astringent  and  discutient  ;  a  common  applica- 
tion to  sprains,  &c.,  and  to  wet  the  bandages  and 
dressings  in  the  case  of  fractures. 

FUMIGATIONS. 

A  fumigation  may  be  said  to  be  a  medicated  va- 
pour, designed  to  form  a  general  or  local  bath,  and 
applied  by  means  of  a  suitable  apparatus.  They 
are  frequently  employed  against  diseases  of  the 
skin,  and  their  good  effects  have  perhaps  been  ex- 
aggerated ;  as  in  psora,  tor  example,  their  applica- 
tion i&  cften  ineffectual. 

Fumigations  may  be  composed  from  different 
kinds  of  substances.  Those  most  in  use  are  the 
sulphureous,  mercurial,  alcoholic,  and  aromatic. 


88  FUMIGATIONS. 

Under  the  name  of  fumigation,  commonly  at- 
taching the  epithet  disinfecting,  is  included  the 
vapour  of  chlorine,  and  of  other  mineral  substan- 
ces, products  of  chemical  operations,  and  destined 
to  purify  the  air  by  absorbing  deleterious  gases. 

Fumigation  of  Chlorine,  (all  the  Hospitals.) 

Chloridi  Sodii ft  ,  i. 

Oxidi  Manganesii 3  v. 

Aquae ft  i. 

*Acidi  Sulphurici ft  i. 

This  fumigation  is  designed  to  purify  the  air  by 
a  chemical  combination  of  the  chlorine  with  the 
prejudicial  gases.  The  salt  and  the  oxide  of  man- 
ganese, with  t^p  water,  are  put  into  a  varnished 
earthen  vessel  ;The  acid  is  then  poured  on,  and  the 
mixture  stirred  from  time  to  time.  It  is  neces- 
sary that  the  patients  be  removed  from  the  wards 
when  it  is  employ 'd,  as  the  vapour  is  extremely 
pungent,  producing  oppression,  and  a  sensation  of 
heat  in  the  thorax. 

Acidi  Sulphurici 3  i. 

Nitratis  Potassae gr.  s. 

In  this  fumigation,  less  employed  than  the  for- 
mer, there  is  a  disengagement  of  nitrous  gas. 

Mercurial  Fumigation,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Sulphureti  Hydrargyri  Rubri 3  fs. 

Gummi-resinse  Juniperi  Lycia3  . .  3  ii. 
Employed  in  the  venereal  disease,  and  especially 
when  the  skin  is  affected. 


*  In  the  chemical  action  which  takes  place,  the  muriate  of  soda 
(chloride  of  sodium)  and  oxide  of  manganese  are  decomposed.  The 
sulphuric  acid  combines  with  the  soda  and  manganese,  while  the 
muriatic  acid,  receiving  oxygen  from  the  oxide  of  manganese,  is 
'iberated  in  the  form  of  chlorine,  or  oxymuriatic  aeid  gas,— Tr. 


FUMIGATIONS.  80 

Aqueous  Fumigation,  (Maternite.) 

This  fumigation  is  employed  very  often,  under 
the  bed-covering  of  the  patients,  in  cases  of  pro- 
longed shivering,  and  where  it  is  proper  to  excite 
diaphoresis.  It  is  administered  by  means  of  a  vase  of 
boiling  water,  provided  with  a  curved  tube,  which 
directs  the  vapour.  The  bed-clothes  are  raised  by 
a  small  frame  of  wood  in  form  of  an  arch. 

Sulphureous  Fumigations,  (St.  Louis,*— La  Charite.) 
These  consist  in  vapours  disengaged  by  sulphur 
An  combustion,  and  received  in  suitable  apparatus. 
About  half  an  ounce  is  used  for  each  fumigation. 
They  have  been  much  celebrated  against  psora,  va- 
rious cutaneous  affections,  and  even  in  many  other 
diseases.  Some  individuals  are  unable  to  support 
them,  especially  those  whose  lungs  are  delicate. 
Although  employed  with  success  against  psora,  they 
are  not  so  efficacious  as  the  sulphureous  baths. 

Alcoholic  fumigations  have  been  tried  in  the  treat- 
ment of  psora,  but  with  so  little  advantage  that  they 
are  now  seldom  prescribed. 

Fumigations  of  Cinnabar,  (Id.) 
Sulphureti  Hydrargyri  Rubri . .  3  i.  fs. — iii. 
Administered  in  the  same  apparatus  as  the  sul- 
phureous fumigations.      They  are  peculiarly  exci- 
ting and  sudorific,  and  are  employed  in  different  chro- 
nic diseases  of  the  skin,  but  more  particularly  in  old 
and  obstinate  cases  of  syphilis.     During  their  use 
we  should  guard  against  salivation,  which  is  a  fre- 
quent consequence. 

Fumigation  of  Chlorine, 

Muriatis  Sodse partes  75. 

Oxidi  Manganesi  Nigri 25. 

Acidi  Sulphurici  deluti* 75, 

*  The  sulphuric  acid  ought  to  be  so  far  diluted  with  water,  that  its 
specific  gravity  may  become  to  that  of  water  as  1.400  to  100. 


90  GARGLES. 

Expose  the  whole  to  a  gentle  heat,  and  let  the  va- 
pour be  received  into  a  suitable  apparatus. 


GARGLES. 

A  gargle  is  a  liquid  preparation,  employed  in  affec- 
tions of  the  pharynx,  amygdalae,  and  palate.  They 
are  of  different  kinds,  emollient,  astringent,  deter- 
gent, tonic,  &c.  v  A  precaution,  which  the  majority 
of  practitioners  recommend,  is,  not  to  agitate  the  li- 
quid in  the  throat,  as  is  commonly  done,  but  to  let 
it  rest  merely  on  the  parts  affected,  by  laying  the 
head  back. 

Demulcent  Gargle,  (H6tel-Dieu.) 

Decocti  Althsese  Officinal 3  vi. 

Syrupi  Mellis 3  ii- 

Employed  in  inflammatory  angina,  and  forming 
a  useful  part  of  the  antiphlogistic  treatment. 

Detergent  Gargle,  (Id.) 

Decocti  Hordei 3  vi. 

Mellis  Rosarum 3   ii. 

Acidi  Sulphurici gtt.  xx. 

Given  with  advantage  when  eschars  are  formed 
in  the  pharynx,  and  on -the  amygdalae,  and  when  it 
is  necessary  to  excite  the  ulcerations  left  by  their 
fall. 

Astringent  Gargle,  (- ) 

Decocti  Hordei 3  iii. 

Ropae 3  iii. 

Sulphatis  Alurninis ...    .    , 3    i. 

Mellis  Rosarum 3    "• 

Used  in  the  third  stage  of  inflammation,  when 
swelling  continues,  the  heat  and  pain  having  ceased. 


GARGLES.  91 

Anti-Scorbutic  Gargle,  (— — ) 

Infusa  Amari 3  vi. 

Tincturae  Cochlearise  Armor. . .  3  fs. 

Mellis  Rosarum 3  "• 

This  gargle  is  intended  as  a  wash  also  to  the 
mouth  in  the  case  of  scorbutic  affections,  when  the 
mucous  membrane  which  lines  that  cavity, is  puff- 
ed, and  covered  with  atonic  ulcerations.  We 
ihould  be  cautious,  however,  in  prescribing  it  in 
that  variety  of  scorbutus  named  acute. 

Anti-septic  Gargle,  ( ) 

Decocti  Cinchonee 3  vi. 

Camphor© gr.  *x. 

Hydro-chloratis  Ammonise . . .  gr.   xii. 
In  cynanche  maligna,  but  not  so  often  employed 
as  formerly. 

Capsul.  Papaveris  contus 3   *• 

Seminum  Lini 3  i» 

Aquae  bullientis 3  vi. 

Syrupi   Mellis 3  ii. 

Acidulous  Gargle,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Decocti  Hordei 3  v*- 

Mellis  Rosarum 3  vi. 

Acidi  Acetici 3  ii. 

vel  Acidi  Sulphurici q.  s. 

Astringent  Gargle,  (—— ) 

Decocti  Hordei 3  iv. 

Fol.  Rosse  Gallicae ) 

Gallarum >      TH  3  i« 

Corticis  Punicae  Granati  ) 

Vini  Rubri 3  iv. 

Mellis  Rosarum 3  «. 

Acidi  Sulphurici .q.  s. 


92  UABGLES. 

Anti-Syphilitic  Gargle,  (         .    ) 

Decocti  Hordei 3  vi. 

Syrupi  Mellis 3  ii. 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri gr.  i. — ii. 

This  gargle  is  employed  in  the  case  of  angina  with 
syphilitic  ulcerations  of  the  pharynx  or  velum  pa- 
lati. 

Detergent  Gargle,  (St.  Antoine.) 

Mellis  Rosarum 3  i. 

Acidi  Sulphurici gtt.  xx. 

Decocti  Hordei 3  iv. 

Mercurial  Gargle,  (La  Charite.) 

Aquae  distillatae 3  iv. 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri gr.  ii. 

Syrupi  Mellis 3  fs, 

Muriatic  Acid  Gargle,  ( ) 

Infusi  Cinchonae 3  iv. 

Syrupi  Mellis 3  i. 

Aeidi  Muriatici gtt.  xviii- 

This  gargle  is  used  in  chronic  inflammations,  when 
pain  and  swelling  have  been  previously  diminished 
by  the  antiphlogistic  treatment.  It  is  also  useful 
in  cynanche  maligna. 

Gargle  of  Cinchona,  (Maison  de  Sante.) 

Decocti  Cinchonse 3  vi. 

Acidi  Acetici 3  iij. 

Mellis  . , 3  i. 

Decocti  Hordei jfe  i.  fs. 

Syrapi  Gummi  Arab 3  i. 

Boratis  Sodas ».   ...  3  ij. 

Resolvent  and  astringent. 


GAKGLES.  93 

Chloric  Gargle,  ( ) 

Gummi  Tragacanthae gr.  xii. 

Chlorinae >  —  „  ro 

Syrupi  Sacchari  \ a  a  5  IS 

Aquae 3  iv. 

Stimulant  and  detergent. 

Mercurial  Gargle,  ( ) 

Foliorum  Conii  maculat.  siccat..g  fs. 

Aquee . .  .  jfe  L  fs. 

Fiat  decoctio,  et  adde, 

Mellis g  ii. 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri gr.  iii. 

Tincturas  Opii 3  i. 

Acetous  Gargle,  ( ) 

Acidi  Acetici 3  ii. 

Aquas g  xii. 

Mellis g  i.  fs. 

Hydro-Chloratis  Ammoniae. ....  3  i. 

Astringent  Gargle,  (— — ) 

Acetatis  Plumbi  3  fs. 

Decocti  Hordei Jfe  i. 

Syrupi  Simplicis g  i. 

Detergent  Gargle,  (Hdpital  des  Enfans.) 

Decocti  Hordei , Jfe  i. 

Acidi  Hydro-Chlorici 3  ii. 

Mellis  Rosacei g  i. 

When  the  aphthas  have  an  atonic  character,  this 
composition  may  be  had  recourse  to  with  advan- 

Acidulous  Gargle  of  Cinchona,  (    .         ) 

Cinchonas 3  ii, 

Mellis  Rosacei 3  i. 

Acidi  Muriatici 3  i. 

Aquae , , , ,.  .jfe  i. 


94  OJJECTIONS, 


INJECTIONS. 

Injections  are  liquid  compositions,  analogous  in 
their  nature  to  fomentations.  The  parts  into  which 
they  are  injected  are  the  external  auditory  passages, 
the  canal  of  the  urethra,  the  bladder,  and  also  fistu- 
lous  cavities,  cysts,  and  the  tunica  vaginalis,  in  the 
case  of  hydrocele. 

Tonic  Injection,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Cinchonas ......  .3  ii. 

Aquae ft  ii. 

Employed  against  the  chronic  discharges  which 
remain  after  inflammation,  and  which  are  then  con- 
sidered as  connected  with  a  state  of  debility  and  lax- 
ity of  the  tissues. 

Capsul.  Papav.  Som 3  i. 

Caulium  Solani  Dulca 31. 

Aquae  Communis ft  i. 

Decoque,  et  adde, 

Extract!  Opii gr.  x. — xx. 

Much  employed  in  the  case  of  urethral  blennor- 
rhagy,  to  diminish  irritation  and  pain,  of  which  the 
urethra  and  vagina  are  the  seat.  These  injections 
are  repeated  several  times  a-day. 

Resolvent  Injection,  ( Venereal  Hospital.) 

Aquae  distillatae ft  i. 

Acetatis  Plumbi 3  ii. — iv. 

Mercurial  Injection.,  ( — ) 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri. . .  gr,  xii. 

AqusB  distiilatae \ ft  ii. 

Viai  Opii  Compositi 3   L 

Used  at  the  Venereal  Hospital,  especially  in  the 


EDEMATA.  95 

case  of  females  who  have  syphilitic  ulcerations  of 
the  genital  organs. 

Chloridi  Sodii partem  1 , 

Aquse  Communis partes  12. 

M.  Cullerier  employs  this  preparation  with  success 

against  the  mucous  discharges  frcm  the  vagina  when 

the  acute  stage  is  past. 

Stimulant  Injection,  (common  to  the  Hospitals.) 
Vini  Ferventis ft  ii. 

Alcoholis  (36°,)  according  to  prescription. 
Employed  principally  in  the  operation  of  hydro- 
cele,  to  determine  adhesive  inflammation  of  the 
vaginal  coat.  It  can  be  applied  also  in  cases  where 
we  wish  to  inflame  and  obliterate  a  purulent  cyst 
or  fistulous  canal. 

ENEMATA. 

The  design  of  enemata  is  to  produce  on  the  in- 
testinal tube  an  emollient  or  purgative  effect,  or  to 
convey  into  the  economy,  substances  of  which  the 
stomach  cannot  support  the  impression.  When 
this  mode  of  introduction  is  chosen,  two  circum- 
stances must  be  attended  to .- — First.  That  the  ve- 
hicle be  riot  too  abundant,  from  fear  of  distending 
the  intestines,  and  provoking  their  peristaltic 
movement.  Second,  That  the  medicinal  substance 
be  given  in  a  quantity  much  more  considerable 
than  by  the  mouth,  on  accouut  of  the  inferior  ac- 
tivity of  the  absorbent  system  in  the  large  intes- 
tines.* 


*  This  opinion  is  the  subject  of  contradictions,  which,  in  order  to  be 
judged,  have  need  of  comparative  experiments.  Some  pretend  that 
the  dose  of  medicines  administered  by  'he  anus  ought  to  be  less  strong, 
seeing  that  they  are  not  subject  to  any  modification  on  the  pait  of 
the  digestive  organs,  and  that  they  are  carried  into  the  torrent  of 
emulation  with  all  their  properties  and  energies-  This  view  is  adopt- 
edT>y  some  of  the  hospital  physicians. 


96  ENEMATA. 

Liquids  ought  also  to  be  injected  in  small  quan- 
tity, when  the  intention  is  to  form  a  sort  of  local 
internal  bath,  in  the  case  of  abdominal  inflamma- 
tion. 

Demulcent  Enema,  (H6tel-Dieu.) 

Seminum  Lini 3  ii. 

Aquae ft  ii. 

Olei  Olivae 3  ii. 

Employed  frequently  to  induce  the  alvine  eva- 
cuations, and  to  temper  the  heat  of  which  the 
great  intestines  may  be  the  seat.  It  is  also  a  use- 
ful auxiliary  in  inflammations  of  the  peritoneum  and 
uterus. 

Astringent  Enema,  ( ) 

Radicis  Bistortae 3  *• 

Capsul.  Papaveris 3  fs. 

Aquae 5fe  ii. 

This  enema  is  used  in  chronic  diarrhoeas  and 
dysentery,  and  when  there  is  reason  to  believe 
that  the  evacuations  depend  less  on  a  state  of  in- 
flammation, than  on  debility  of  the  mucous  mem- 
brane. 

Anti-septic  Enema,  ( ) 

Corticis  Cinchonas 3  i. 

Aquae Jfc  ii. 

Caraphorae   3  ii. 

Laxative  Enema,  ( ) 

Decocti  Althsese ft  i. 

Fol.  Sennae 3  fs. 

Sulphatis  Sodse 3  ii. 

Employed  in  common  cases  of  constipation. 


ENEMATA.  97 

Tobacco  Enema,  ( ) 

*  Fol.  Nicot.  Tabaci  siccat 3  i. 

Aquae fe  ii. 

Tartratis  Antimonii  et  Potassae  gr.  xii. 
Powerfully  irritant  ;  is  used  in  cases  where  there 
is  need  of  a  violent  impression  on  the  intestinal 
tube.     It  has  been  recommended  in  passive  drop- 
sies of  the  peritoneum. 

Emollient  Enema,  (common  to  the  Hospitals.) 
Decocti  Seminum  Lirii ife  i. 

Of  all  the  enemata  the  most  frequently  in  use ; 
as  there  is  no  disease,  perhaps,  in  which  it  may  not 
with  propriety  be  given. 

Purgative  Enema,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Decocti  tini   ]fe  i. 

Fol.  Sennas 3  iv. 

•Anti-Syphilitic  Enema,  (— — ) 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri .  .gr.  ii. 

Aquae  distillatae 3  ii. 

Decocti  Lini }fe  i. 

The  corrosive  sublimate  has  been  sometimes  in- 
troduced by  the  large  intestines  in  cases  where  the 
stomach  will  not  support  this  medicine.  We  ought 
not  to  have  recourse  to  this  method,  too  often  un- 
availing, except  when  the  other  means  have  failed. 
The  enema,  however,  may  be  useful,  when,  after 
impure  connexion,  the  intestinum  rectum  has  be- 
come the  seat  of  some  syphilitic  appearances. 


*  In  the  Pharmacopoeia  of  the  Edinburgh  Hospital,  the  formula 
given  for  the  Enema  Nicotian*  is  3  i.  of  the  tobacco  leaf  to  Ib.  i.  of 
water,  macerated  for  half  an  hour  and  strained.— Tr. 


98  ENEMATA. 

Purgative  Enema,  (Saint  Antoine.j 

Foliorum  Sennse 5  fg. 

Sulphatis  Sodae 3  fs. 

Mellis  Communis g  iv. 

Aquae fe  i. 

Emollient  Enema,  (Maternite.) 

Foliorum  Malvse  Sylvestris    ) -  • 

Bets?  Vulgaris  f  a  a*  " 

Aquae  Communis fe  ii. 

Olei  Oleae  Europ 3  iii. 

Camphorated  Enema,  ( ) 

Enematis  Emollientis fe  ii. 

Camphorae 3  ii. 

Vitellum  unius  ovi. 

4M.  Chaussier  prescribes  the  camphor,  in  general, 
in  the  dose  of  twelve  or  fifteen  grains,  and  suspends 
it  often  in  an  infusion  of  chamomile.  This  enema 
forms  a  part  of  the  stimulant  treatment  employed 
in  the  putrid  fevers. 

* 
Saline  Enema,  (  .        •  ) 

Enematis  Emollientis fe  i. 

Muriatis  Sodas 3  i. 

Gently  laxative.  The  same  result  is  obtained  by 
substituting  for  the  salt, 

Saponis 3  ii. 

Or  these  two  substances  may  be  combined. 

Starch  Enema,  (Maison  de  Sante.) 

Decocti  Amyli 3  v. 

Olei  Lini 3  i. 

Useful  in  the  treatment  of  abdomonial  inflamma- 
tions. 


EDEMATA. 

AsssefcetidcB 31* 

Vitellum  unius  ovi. 

Aquae 3  vi. 

This  enema  is  employed  conjointly  with  other 
means,  in  the  treatment  of  various  nervous  affec- 
tions, and  in  fevers. 

Poppy  Enema,  (H6pital  des  Enfans.) 

Capsul.  Papaveris  3  iii« 

Aquae...    fe    i. 

Bark  Enema,  ( •) 

Cinconae  Flavae g  fs. 

Aquae ••••&  i« 

Chamomile  Enema,  (La  Charite.) 

Florum  Anthemidis 3  ii. 

Aquae , .  jfe  i. 

Bark  Enema,  ( -~) 

Cinchonse 3   i. 

Aquae ft  i. 

Employed  in  severe  fevers,  when  we  wish  to  ex- 
cite the  intestinal  canal ;  according  to  circumstan- 
ces may  be  added, 

Camphorae 9  i. 

vel  Acidi  Muriatici  diluti 3  fs. 

vel  Tinct.  Opii 9  i. 

Radicis  Filicis  Maris 3  i. 

Aquae jfe  i. 

This  enema  constitutes  part  of  the  treatment  di- 
rected against  intestinal  worms. 

Fol.  Parietariee 3  fs. 

Aqua? Ife  i. 

Used  in  the  treatment  of  dropsies.    M.  Fouquier 


100  LINIMENTS. 

often  adds  to  it  the  nitrate  or  acetate  of  potass  m 
the  dose  of  one  or  two  drachms. 

Fol.  AtropaB  Belladonnae  siccat.  gr  xii. 

Aquae  bullientis 3  vi. 

This  has  been  employed  with  success  in  cases  of 
disease  of  the  urethra  or  bladder,  in  which  the  intro- 
duction of  the  sound  was  prevented  by  the  spasm  of 
neighbouring  muscles.  The  belladonna  induces  such 
a  relaxation  as  allows  the  catheterism  to  be  effected. 

Enema  of  the  Balsam  of  Copaiba,  (Hospice  de 
Perfectionnement. — M.  VELPEAU.) 

Aquae  Gummi  Acaciae g  iv. 

Balsami  Copaibae,  vitello  ovi,  misti3  iv. 

Camphor® gr   iv. 

Extract!  Opii  aqubsi gr.  i. 

M.  Velpeau  has  employed  this  enema  with  much 
success  for  arresting  the  acute  or  chronic  gonorrhoeal 
discharges.  No  accident,  according  to  him,  follows 
its  use.  He  considers  it  greatly  preferable  to  the- 
administration  of  the  copaiba  by  the  stomach. 

Cubebs  Enema,  (Hospice  de  Perfectionnement.) 

Decocti  Althseae g  vi. 

Pulveris  Piperis  Cubebae 3  vi. 

M.  Velpeau  administers  this  in  the  same  cases  as 
the  preceding. 

LINIMENTS. 

Liniments  are  in  general  liquid  and  unctuous  pre- 
parations, which  are  extended  over  a  part  by  rub- 
bing more  or  less  forcibly,  according  as  we  wish  or 
not  to  produce  local  irritation.  Their  base  is  usual- 
ly oil,  in  combination  with  different  substances,  ac- 
cording to  the  ends  we  propose  to  obtain. 


f  • 

101 


Stimulating  Liniment,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 
Alcoholis  Cantharidis  ..........  3  ii. 

Powerfully  stimulant.  If  much  friction  be  added, 
it  determines  extreme  redness,  and  even  the  vesica- 
tion  of  the  skin.  It  is  useful  in  chronic  rheumatic 
pains,  either  of  the  muscles  or  joints.  When  .  the 
urinary  organs  are  irritated,  its  application  should 
he  discontinued. 

JLmmoniacal  Liniment,  (  -  ) 
Olei  Olese  Europ  ........  ......  g  v. 

Aquae  Ammonise  ..............  3  x. 

Stimulant  and  discutient. 

Opiate  Liniment,  (  -  ) 
Olei  Olese  ........  .  ..........  g  iv, 

Vinii  Opii  .................  3  i.—  ii. 

Saponis  .....................  g  fs, 

Camphor  Liniment,  (Maternite.) 
Olei  Olese  ..................  g  ii. 

Camphor®  ...................  3  ii. 

Discutient  and  antispasmodic  ;  sometimes  employ- 
ed in  embrocations  to  the  abdomen  in  the  case  of 
meteorismus. 

Soap  Liniment,  (H6tel-Dieu.) 
*Saponis  Medicinalis  .......  «  .  .  g  fs. 

Spiritus  TerebinthinaB  Comp.  .  .g  ii. 
Alcoholis  (30°)  .......  .  ......  g  fs. 

Used  as  a  discutient  in  the  case  of  chronic  and  in- 
dolent tumours,  rheumatic  pains,  and  contractions 
of  the  joints. 


*  The  Savon  Medicinal  is  a  preparation  of  the  mirreral  alkali  an*? 
tho  oil  of  sweet  almonds.— TV. 

9* 


"LINIMENTS. 

Anodyne  Liniment,  (M.  DUPUTTREN.) 

Olei  Lilii 3  vi. 

Saponis  Albi 3  ii. 

Extract!  Hyosciami g  fs. 

Acidi  Acetosi 3  vi. 

Murlatis  Ammonise 3  ii. 

In  glandular  enlargements. 

Mixture  used  against  Pernio,  (M.  MARJOLIN.) 

Balsami  Peruiferi 3  fs. 

Alcholis g  iv. 

Solve,  et  adde, 

A  cidi  Hydro-chlorici 3  i. 

Tinctura  Benzoini 3  fs. 

Applied  several  times  a-day  to  the  parts  affected. 

Opiate  Liniment  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Olei  Olese 3  i. 

*Vim'  Opii  Comp 3  fs— i. 

Mercurial  Liniment,  ( ) 

Olei  Oleae 3  i. 

Aquae  Ammoni 3  i. 

Unguenti  Hydrargyri  Fort 3  i. 

To  promote  the  resolution  of  venereal  tumours. 

Discutient  Liniment,  (St.  Antoine.) 

OleiOlese 3  ii. 

Camphor® 3  ii. 

Aqu®   Calcis 3  fs. 


*  The  compound  wine  of  opium  of  the  French  Pharmacopeia 
differs  nothing  from  the  liquid  laudanum  of  Sydenham,  except  ia 
Canella  bark  being  substituted  for  the  cinnamon.  The  following  is 
Dr.  Sydenham' s formula: 

Vini  Hispanici,  lb-  i,  ;  Opii,  f  ii. ;  Croci,  §  i.  ;  Pulv.  Cinnamom 
et  Caryophyllorum  ana,  3  i.  ;  infundantur  simul  in  B.  M.  per  duej 
vel  tres  dies,  donee  liquor  debitam  consistentiam  acquirat ;  col  atura 
servalur  prousu-  Twenty  drops  contain  about  a  grain  of  opiuin.— • 


LINIMENTS. 

Liniment,  (used  against  Pernio.) 

Olei  Oleae 3  ii. 

Balsami  Peruiferi 31. 

Spermatis  Ceti 3  ii. 

Cerae  Albae 3  ii. 

Acidi  Hydro-chlorici 3  ii. 

Aquae  Communis . . . . 3  vi. 

Camphorated  Liniment,,  (Maison   de 
Sante. — M.  DUBOIS.) 

Olei  Oleae 3  iy. 

Camphorse 3  ii. 

Aquffi  Ammonias 3  ii. 

This  liniment  is  very  frequently  employed  by 
M.  Dubois  as  a  discutient  in  different  kinds  of  tu- 
mours ;  as  a  tonic  rubbed  along  the  vertebral  column 
in  weak  and  rickety  infants ;  arid  as  an  irritant  in 
the  case  of  rheumatic  or  nervous  pains. 

Spiritous  Anodyne  Liniment,  (          .  ) 

Opii 31. 

Saponis  Albi 3  fs. 

Camphorae 3  ii. 

*Alcoholis 5  iv. 

The  soap  and  opium  are  digested  in  the  alcohol 
during  three  days  ;  the  liquor  is  then  strained, 
and  the  camphor  added.  In  its  properties  it  is 
nearly  the  same  as  the  opodeldoc. 

Turpentine  Liniment,  (Hopital  des  Enfans.) 
Spiritus  TerebinthinaB  Comp. . .  g  ii. 

Olei  Oleae g  ii, 

Tinctura  C amphorae g  i. 

Aquae  Ammoniae 3  i. 

*  Analogous  to  this  liniment  is  the  Tincttfra  Saponia  el  Opii  of 
the  Edinburgh  Pharmacopoeia,  The  latter,  perhaps,  derive!  some 
additional  virtue  from  the  essential  oil  that  enters  into  its  connu»i- 
tion<— TV. 


104  LIMMEKXfii. 

Narcotic  Liniment,  (     .  .   .) 

*Olei  Narcotici 3  iv, 

Tinct.  Opii 3  fs. 

Opiate  Liniment,  (La  Charite.) 

Olei  Oleae 3  ii. 

Tinctura  Opii 3  ii. 

Aquae  Acetat.  Plumbi 3  fs, 

Anodyne  Liniment,  (  M.  BOYER.) 

Olei  Amygdalae  Communis  ) „ 

OleiAnodyni \  aa  %  ll' 

Unguenti  Altheese 3  i. 

Extracti  Opii 3  iii. 

M.  Boyer  has  found  this  liniment  procure  re- 
lief in  violent  pains,  especially  in  those  of  a  nervous 
nature. 

Sulphuro-Saponaceous  Liniment,  (M.  JADELOT.) 

Sulphureti  Potassse 3  vi. 

Saponis  Albi }£  ii. 

Olei  OlesB |fe  ii, 

Olei  Volatilis  Thymi 3  ii. 

The  sulphuret  is  dissolved  in  the  third  of  its  weight 
of  water.  The  soap  is  melted  by  the  water  bath, 
and  the  half  of  the  oil  gradually  mixed  and  tritu- 
rated with  it.  The  solution  of  the  sulphuret,  and 
the  mixture  of  the  oil  and  soap,  are  then  mixed  and 
carefully  triturated,  and,  lastly,  the  rest  of  the  oil 
is  added.  This  preparation  is  employed  in  differ- 


*  Commonly  called  Baume  tranquille.  It  is  placed  in  the  French 
Pharmacopeia  under  the  head  of  Compound  Medicinal  Oils,  and  is 
prepared  by  boiling  in  olive  oil  the  leaves  of  various  narcotic  plants, 
as  Bel.adonna,  Hyosciamus,  Nicotiaua  Tabacum,  &c.  When 
strained,  the  leaves  of  a  number  of  aromatic  plants  are  added,  and 
allowed  to  macerate  in  a  close  vessel  for  a  considerable  time.  The 
oil  is  then  strained,  and  preserved  for  use, — T*~- 


OIXTMENTS  AND  CERATES.  105 

cut  affections  of  the  skin,  as  herpes,  prurigo,  &c., 
but  more  especially  in  psora.  Its  use  is  generally 
accompanied  with  the  simple  or  sulphureous  baths. 

Diuretic  Liniment,  (Bicetre. — M.  RULLIER.) 
Tinctures  Scillse 

Digitalis 

M.  Rullier  employs  this  with  a  good  effect  as  a 
liniment  in  symptomatic  anasarca. 

OINTMENTS  AND  CERATES. 

Under  the  name  of  ointments,  cerates,  and  potn- 
mades,  are  designated  medicinal  compositions  in- 
tended for  external  use,  and  which  differ  little,  ex- 
cept in  the  proportions  of  their  ingredients.  They 
are  spread  on  charpie,  which  is  applied  as  a  dress- 
ing to  wounds  and  ulcers,  or,  used  in  frictions,  they 
are  the  medium  of  introducing  into  the  system  va- 
rious medicinal  substances. 

Ophthalmic  Ointments,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Unguenti  Rosse g  i. 

Oxidi  Hydrargyri  Rubri 3  i. 

Adipis  praeparatffi g  ii. 

Oxidi  Hydrargyri  Rubri .  .gr.  x. 

Sulphatis  Zinci gr.  xx* 

Adipis  praeparatae g  hi. 

Oxidi  Hydrargyri  Rubri g  fs. 

Acetatis  Plumbi g  fs. 

Sulphatis  Aluminse g  fs. 

Oxidi  Zinci  Impuri  preep g  fs. 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri gr.  i. 

These  three  pommades  are  employed  in  similar 
oases,  viz.  obstinate  and  chronic  pphthalrniej?.  kept 


106        OINTMENTS  AND  CERATES, 

up  by  a  general  scrofulous  diathesis.  The  second, 
which  is  that  of  M.  Dupuytren,  is  the  most  used. 
A  little  of  it  is  gently  inserted  into  the  edges  of 
the  eyelids, — but  it  ought  not  to  be  employed  until 
the  acute  inflammation  has  ceased. 

Resolutive  Ointment,  (M.  DUPUYTREN.) 

Adipis  prseparatse 3  ii. 

Submuriatis  Hydrar^yri    >  —  _  <• 

Pulveris  Scilke \  **   ** 

Olei  Rosarum gtt.  iv. 

M.  Dupuytren  prescribes  with  success  frictions 
made  with  this  ointment,  in  cases  of  chronic  infil- 
trations of  the  joints. 

Unguenti  Rosas 3  iij. 

NitratisvelProto-chloridi )          • 

Hydrargyri 5      **    ' 

Prescribed  by  M.  Dupuytren  in  herpetic  eruptions- 

Epispastic  Ointment,  (M.  MARJOLIN.) 

Pulverjs  Cantharidis  Vesicat 3  i. 

Adipis  prseparatse |fe  i. 

Cerae  Plavce 3  i.  fs. 

To  promote  suppuration  from  issues,  and  from 
surfaces  after  the  application  of  a  blister. 

Pulveris  Cantharidis g  ii. 

Aquas }fe  i.  fs. 

Boil  for  half  an  hour;  strain,  and  boil  a  second 
time  in  another  vessel ;  evaporate  the  decoction  to 
eleven  ounces,  and  add, 

Adipis  PneparaUe 3  xii. 

OleiOleoe    ) 

Cera  Alb*} aa^vm. 

Boil  till  the  water  is  evaporated,  and  when  the 
mass  is  cooled,  add. 

Camphors?  in  pulverera  tritse.  .3  fs. 


OINTMENTS  AND  CERATES.  107 

M.  Marjolin  considers  this  pommade  as  the  fittest 
to  encourage  suppuration,  without  producing  too 
much  irritation,  and  without  acting  on  the  urinary 
passages. 

Simple  Digestive  Ointment ,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 
Unguenti  Terebinthirise  Comp. . .  3  ii.  * 
Vitellum  Ovi. 

Olei  OJea? 3  ii. 

Used  for  the  dressing  of  wounds  and  ulcers.  Prom 
its  slightly  stimulating  property,  it  maintains  them 
in  that  state  of  vitality  necessary  for  their  cure. 

Unguenti  Terebinthinse  C  omp.  ) 

Styracis \  a  "3  1L 

Vitellum    Ovi. 

Essentise  Terebinthinae 3  i. 

More  stimulating  than  the  preceding.  It  is  well 
adapted  for  antonic  ulcers, — of  a  pale  and  fungous 
surface,  and  yielding  suppuration  of  a  bad  quality. 

Opiate  Digestive  Ointment,  (        •    .) 

Unguenti  digestivi  simpl g  iv. 

Vini  Opii  Comp 3  i. 

Pulveris  Opii 3  ii. 

When  wounds  and  ulcers  are  attended  with  vio- 
lent pain,  by  reason  of  the  sensibility  of  the  parts 
affected,  considerable  relief  may  sometimes  be  ob- 
tained from  this  ointment. 

Sulphur  Ointment,  ( ) 

Adipis  Suilli ft  i. 

Sulphuris  Sublimati 3  viii. 

From  three  to  six  drachms  in  friction.  Applied 
also  as  a  dressing  in  the  case  where  syphilis  is 
combined  with  a  psoric  affection. 


;  <***  OIJN'TMENTS  AND  CERATES. 


Opium  Ointment,  ( 


Cerati  Simplicis  ..............  g  i\  . 

Pulveris  Opii  ..............  3  i.  —  ii. 

Mercurial  Ointment,  (  -  ) 


Half  a  drachm  to  two  drachms  in  frictions  on 
the  inner  sides  of  the  extremities,  or  lateral  parts 
of  the  trunk. 

Mild  Mercurial  Ointment?  (  -  ) 
Adipis  Suilli  ................  ft  i. 

Hydrargyri  Pur  .............  3  ii. 

These  two  preparations  often  occasion  the  mer- 
curial salivation. 

Mercurial  Cerate,  (  -  ) 
Unguenti  Hydrargyri  ........  3  iv. 

Cerati  Simplicis  ...........  3  x. 

More  especially  applied  as  a  dressing  to  vene- 
real ulcers. 

Mercurial  Ointment,  with  Opium,  (  -  ^) 
Unguenti  Hydrargyri  Fort  .  .  .  g  iv. 
Pulveris  Opii  ...............  g  ii. 

Used  in  the  dressing  of  wounds  and  venereal 
ulcers,  when  attended  with  much  pain.  To  the 
specific  virtue  of  the  mercury  is  associated  the  se- 
dative property  of  the  opium. 

Mercurial  Digestive  Ointment,  (  -  ) 
Unguenti  Hydrargyri  >  —  „  • 

Digestivi  simpl.    \a  a  3  1V 
To  rouse  the  vitality  in  ulcerated  surfaces  eon- 


'  Named  vulgarly  Ongoent  Napolitain.— TV. 


OINTMENTS  Afffc  CERATES.  109 

sequent  to  syphilitic  infection,  when  they  are  pale, 
fangous,  and  suppurating  unfavourably. 

Brown  Ointment,  (    ) 

Unguenti  Resinosi g  iv. 

Oxidi  Hydrargyri  Rubri gr.  xii. 

Stimulant. 

JLnti-Herpetic  Ointment,  (M.  CULLERIER.) 
Sub-sulphatis  Hydrargyri  Flavi.  .3  i. 

Tincturae  Opii   3  i. 

Sulphuris  Sublimati 3  fs. 

Adipis  Suiili 31. 

M.  Cullerier  has  employed  this  ointment  with 
some  success  in  the  treatment  of  different  herpetic 
affections,  conjoining  with  it  the  use  of  the  simple 
water  bath. 

Alkaline  Ointment,  (M.  CULLERIER.) 

Carbonatis  Sodae 3  ii. 

Vini  Opii  Coinp 31. 

Adipis  SuUli 3  i. 

This  ointment  may  be  used  in  different  affec- 
tions of  the  skin,  the  opium  which  it  contains 
rendering  it  useful  in  cases  where  there  exists 
much  pain. 

Ophthalmic  Ointment,  (Hopital  des  Enfans. — M. 
JADELOT.) 

Butyri  recentis 3  ii. 

Hydrargyri  Precipitati  Albi .  .gr.  xii. 

Camphorsa gr.  viii. 

Oxidi  Zinci  Imp.  Prsep gr.  xv. 

Coci  Butyracese  Olei  Fixi 3  Is. 

In  scrofulous  ophthalmia.  A  quantity,  about  the 
size  of  a  pin's  head,  is  put  on  the  edges  of  the  eye- 
lids, every  second  or  third  day,  at  bed-time, 
10 


110        OINTMENTS  AND  CERATES. 

Camphorated  Ointment,  (Maternite.) 
Butyri  recentis  ...............  3  iii. 

Spermatis  Ceti  ...............  3  iL 

Cerse  Albse  ..................  3  iii. 

Melt,  and  triturate  with  the  mass, 

Camphone  ...........  )  _ 

Oxidi  Zinci  Albi  .....  \  a  *  Sr<  11J> 

This  ointment  is  chiefly  used  in  diseases  of  tlit 
eyelids.  When  they  become  glued  during  sleep 
a  little  of  it  ~is  spread  on  a  piece  of  fine  linen 
which  is  applied  to  the  edge  of  the  eyelids,  and 
retained  by  a  band. 

Ointment  of  the  Oxide  of  Mercury,  (  ) 

Butyri  recentis  ...............  3  iii  . 

Cera?  Alb®  ..................  3  iv. 

Melt,  and  add, 
Oxidi  Hydrargyri  rubri  ........  3  i.  fs. 

This  ointment,  of  which  the  proportions  vary,  is 
known  under  the  name  of  Pommade  de  Regent. 
It  is  employed  in  chronic  affections  of  the  eyelids, 
and  globe  of  the  eye.  In  acute  inflammations  of 
these  parts  its  use  would  be  injurious. 


M.  Chaussier  has  often  directed  frictions  of  the 
abdomen  with  this  ointment,  in  the  second  stage 
of  peritonitis,  repeated  two  or  three  times  a-day. 
He  considers  them  calculated  to  favour  its  termi- 
nation. 

Ointment  of  Belladonna,  (M.  CHAUESIER.) 
Extracti  Belladonna?  ..........  3  ii. 

Aquae  distillate  ..............  3  ii. 

Adipis  Suilli.  .  ................  3  ii. 


OINTMENTS  AND  CERATES,  111 

Observing  the  property  which  the  belladonna  has 
in  producing  dilatation  of  the  pupil,  M.  Chaussier 
thought  to  "profit  by  it,  for  obtaining  relaxation  of 
the  cervix  uteri.  It  was  with  this  view  that  he 
directed  the  above  ointment,  from  which,  in  the 
ease  of  rigidity  of  the  cervix  uteri,  a  good  effect 
has  been  obtained,  by  its  facilitating  either  the 
natural  passage  of  the  foetus,  or  the  manipulations 
necessary  for  its  extraction.  It  is  applied  by  means 
of  a  small  syringe,  the  canula  of  which  is  of  suf- 
ficient size  to  admit  the  end  of  the  finger  ;  it  is  fill- 
ed with  about  two  drachms  of  the  ointment, 
which,  by  pushing  the  piston,  is  applied  upon  the 
neck  of  the  uterus.  This  method,  which  maintains 
the  immediate  and  prolonged  contact  of  the  sub- 
stance with,  the  parts  on  which  it  ought  to  act, 
appears  to  M.  Chaussier  preferable  to  injections 
or  fomentations. 

Ointment  of  Sub  -Sulphate  of  Mercury,  (St.  Louis.  — 

M.  ALIBERT.) 

Sub-sulphatis  Hydrargyri  Flavi  .  .3  ii. 
Adipis  Suilli  ..................  Jfe  ii. 

The  sub-sulphate,  reduced  to  a  fine  powder,  is 
incorporated  with  the  melted  axunge,  which  is  stir- 
red until  entirely  cooled.  Employed  by  M.  Alibert 
with  success  in  herpetic  affections.  —  (Note  com- 
municated by  Jtf. 


Sulphuro-Alkaline  Ointment,  (  --  ) 
Sulphuris  Sublimati  ...............  parte  duas. 

.    Sub-carbonat.  PotassaB  purificatae  .  .  partem  unam. 
Adipis  Suilli  .  .  ...................  partes  octo. 

This  ointment  is  much  employed  at  the  Hospital 
of  St.  Louis,  in  the  treatment  of  psora.  It  effects 
a  speedy  cure,  and  without  irritating  the  skin  ;  but 
it  hag  an  unpleasant  odour,  and  stains  the  linen.  — 
(Note  by  M.  Alibert.} 


112  OIINTMKSTS  ASD  CERATE?., 

Ointment  of  JIT.  JHclier,  (St.  Louis. , 

JSub-carbonatis  Potassse 3  ii. 

Aquse 3    i. 

Olei   Olese 3  iv. 

Sulphuris  Sublimati 3  v. 

Dissolve,  by  the  aid  of  heat,  the  sub-carbonate 
in  the  water,  add  the  oil,  and  mix  the  sulphur  gra- 
dually by  trituration.  In  this  compound,  the  oil 
and  alkali  are  in  the  proportion  suitable  for  forming" 
a  soap.  It  is  an  efficacious  application  in  psora, 
neither  irritating  the  skin  nor  soiling  the  linen. 
Two  drachms  of  camphor  can  be  substituted  for  the 
sulphur.  The  medium  duration  of  treatment  is 
thirteen  days.— '-(Note  by  Jtt.  Metier.) 

Ointment  for  Tinea  Capitis,  (M.  ALIBERT.) 

Sub-carbonatis  Sodae 3  iij. 

Sulphureti  Potassae 3  iii. 

Adipis  prseparatse 3  iii. 

Applied  daily  to  the  head  by  friction,  having  pre- 
viously procured  the  fall  of  the  crusts  or  scales  by 
means  of  emollient  cataplasms. — (Note  by  Jft.  AH- 
bert.) 

Ointment  of  Soap  and  Sulphur,  (M.  LUGOL.) 

Sulphuris  Sublimati >  — 

SaponisAlbi J  * «  fc  *• 

Dissolve  the  soap  by  trituration  in  water — pass- 
through  a  filter,  and  add  the  sulphur. 

Employed  against  psora.  The  redness  which  it 
determines  disappears,  under  the  use  of  the  tepid 
bath.  M.  Lugol  thinks  that  it  combines  every  ad- 
vantage, and  merits  the  preference  over  all  other 
remedies,  since  it  produces  a  speedy  cure,  and  not 
soiling  the  linen,  allows  us  to  preserve  the  cleanli- 
ness of  the  wards.  The  duration  of  treatment  in 
eighty-eight  patients  has  never  exceeded  thirty 
days :  the  medium  term  is  from  nine  to  ten  day?. 


OINTMENTS  AM>  CERATES.  lltf 

Etpispastic  Ointment,  (Charite.-  —  M.  Hor 
Unguenti  Populci*  ....  ........  3  i. 

Cerae  Albas  ...........  ,  ......  g   i. 

Caiitharidis  Ves  .......  >  _ 

Corticis  Daphnes  Gnidii  \a  a  g  ' 

Antiherpetic  Ointment,  (M.  FOUQUIER.) 

Adipis  prseparatse  .............  3    *• 

Submuriatis  Hydrargyri  .......  3    i. 

Florum  Sulphuris  ............  3  ii. 

Jlntiherpetic  Ointment,  (M.  DUBOIS.) 
Unguenti  CucumerisHorten.  .  .3  fs. 
Nitratis  Hydrargyri  .  .  .........  3  ii. 

lintimonial  Ointment,  (common  to  the  Hospitals.) 
Adipis  prseparatse  ............  g  ii. 

Tartratis  Antimonii  ..........  3  ii. 

The  tartar  emetic  ointment  is  used  -in  a  greaf 
number  of  diseases  as  a  powerful  derivative.  By 
means  of  frictions,  repeated  three  or  four  times  a- 
day,  we  produce  an  eruption  of  pustules  analogous 
to  those  of  cow-pox.  This  method  is  much  more 
efficacious  than  the  application  of  an  adhesive  plas- 
ter powdered  with  the  tartrate.  Both,  however, 
are  recommended  in  pertussis,  and  in  obstinate  af- 
fections of  the  chest  in  general. 

Ointment,  No.  l,(St.  Louis.  —  M.  BIETT.) 
Proto-sulphatis  Hydrargyri  ......  31. 

Sulphuris  Sublimati  .  ..........  3  ij. 

Adipis  praeparatse  ...........  3  ii. 

Essentise  Citri  Medicae  ......  gr.  xv. 

This  ointment  is  particularly  serviceable  in  some 
varieties  of  herpes.  —  (Note  by  M.  Biett.} 


*  Ointment  of  henbane,  poppy,  and  belladonna  ;  made  by  boiling 
the  fresh  and  bruised  leaves  of  these  plants  with  prepared  lard.--  TV. 


Ointment,  No.  2,  ( ) 

>SubmuriatisHydrarg.  et  Ammonias*  3  i.  Is. 

Camphor® 9  i, 

Aclipis  Suilli %  ii. 

Applicable  in  the  pustular  variety  of  herpes,  when 
the  inflammation  has  been  subdued  by  appropriate 
means.— (Note  by  J\L  Biett.) 

Ointment,  No.  3,  (St.  Louis.— M.  BIETT.) 

Calcis 3  i. 

Proto-carbonatis  Sodae 3  ii. 

Extracti  Opii  aquosi gr.  x. 

Adipis  Suilli 3  ii. 

The  efficacy  of  this  ointment  has.  been  confirm- 
ed in  the  different  species  of  prurigo. — (M.  Biett.} 

Ointment,  No.  4,  (St.  Louis. — M.  BIETT.) 
Sulphureti  Hydrargyri  rubri . .  3  i.  fs. 

Hydro-chloratis  Ammonise 3  fs. 

Adipis  praeparatae g  ii. 

Aqus3  Rosarum 3  i. 

This  ointment  is  specially  adapted  to  the  pruri- 
go pedicularis.  It  not  only  allays  the  itching,  but 
diminishes  remarkably  that  continual  purulent  ex- 
cretion, with  which  the  patients  are  so  much  in- 
commoded.— (M.  Biett.) 

Icdine  Ointment,  (St.  Louis. — M.  BIETT.) 
Deuto-iodureti  Hydrargyri . . . .  gr.  xv. 

Atiips  prseparat83 T.  3  ii. 

Olei  Limonis  Bergamottee  . .  .gtt.  xx. 
Syphilitic  tubercules,  or  chronic  ulceration,  the 
sequel®  of  constitutional  syphilis,  have  been  speedi- 
ly cured,  or  at  least  beneficially  modified,  by  appli- 


*  Hydrargyrum  precipitatum  album.—  TV- 


OINTMENTS  AttD  CERATES.  115 

Nations  of  this  substance;  but  its  great  activity  re- 
quires close  attention.  The  following  is  much  less 
active,  and  may,  perhaps,  be  employed  without  any 
inconvenience.— (M.  Biett.) 

Proto-iodureti  Hydrargyri .3  fs. 

Adipis  prseparataB 3  i.  fs. 

Olei gtt.  xv. 

Syphilitic  ulcerations,  which  had  resisted  a  va- 
riety of  means,  have  been  seen  to  cicatrize  rapidly 
by  applications  of  this  ointment. 

The  combinations  of  iodine  and  mercury,  for 
which  we  are  indebted  to  the  able  physician  of 
Geneva,  M.  Coindet,  had  not  been  tried  when  I 
commenced  the  first  experiments  in  1821.  The 
proto-ioduret  was  first  tried  in  small  doses.  In  the 
proportion  of  a  twenty-fourth  part  to  the  mass  of 
lard,  I  found  it  could  be  adopted  in  the  majority  of 
cases.  The  deuto-ioduret,  more  active  than  the 
deuto-chloruret  of  mercury  itself,  occasioned  in  se- 
veral patients,  and  even  in  a  few  instants,  an  intense 
erysipelatous  inflammation  on  the  parts  tt>a  which 
it  was  applied.  After  many  trials,  I  confined  my- 
self to  the  proportions  indicated  in  the  above  for- 
mula, which,  however,  may  be  varied  according  to 
the  case,  and  the  susceptibility  of  the  individual. 
This  new  class  of  substances  offers  a  valuable  re- 
source, and  merits  well  the  attention  of  the  experi- 
mentalist.-—(JVpte  by  M.  Biett.) 

Ointment  of  the  Cyanuret  of Mercury ,  (St.  Louis.-— 
M.  BIETT.) 

Cyanureti  Hydrargyri gr.  xvi. 

Adipis  prseparatae g  i. 

Essentise  Citri  Medica? gtt.  xv. 

This  ointment,  recently  employed  at  the  Hospi- 
tal of  St.  Louis,  has  been  productive  of  good  effects 
in  some  species  of  herpes,  attended  with  intense 
inflammation  and  itching. — (M.  Biett.) 


116  PILLS  AND  BOJ«U.SL>. 

Hydro-cyanatis  Hydrargyri .  .gr.  xvi. 

Adipis  prroparata: 3  i. 

Olei gtt.  x. 

.  This  salt,  in  its  action,  is  much  analogous  to  the 
cyanuret  of  mercury,  and  may  be  employed  in  thf 
same  cases — >(JL  Biett.) 


PILLS  AND  BOLUSES. 

The  difference  between  these  forms  of  prepara- 
tions consists  only  in  their  volume.  The  name  of 
bolus  is  given  to  pills  which  weigh  more  than  six 
grains. 

As  pills  so  readily  become  hard,  and  are  apt  in 
that  state  to  pass  through  the  intestines  without 
exercising  their  action,  it  is  proper,  after  their  ex- 
hibition, to  give  a  few  spoonfuls  of  tisane  to  the  pa- 
tient,  in  order  to  facilitate  their  solution. 

In  the  hospitals,  few  substances,  in  general,  arc 
employed  under  the  form  of  pill.  It  is  the  form, 
however,  in  which  M.  Fouquier  has  almost  always 
administered  the  extracts  of  the  poisonous  plants. 

Febrifuge  #o&ms,(  Hotel-Die  u.) 

Pulveris  Cinchona g  i. 

Muriatis  Ammonias gr.  xxiv. 

Carbonatis gr.  xxiv. 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  xviii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis q.  s. 

Employed  by  several  physicians  of  the  Hotel- 
Dieu  in  paroxysmal  fevers.  It  is  given  in  por- 
tions more  or  less  considerable,  during  the  apy- 
rexia. 

Conserve  Rosse  Caninae 3  ii. 

Succi  Baccaa  Sambuci  Inspiss 3  i. 

Extract!  Cinchonas 3  i- 


PILLS  AND  BOLUSES.  117 

M.  Dupuytren,  in  some  cases,  prefers  the  ex- 
tract to  the  powder  of  cinchona,  as  being  much  less 
fatiguing  to  the  stomach,  and  giving  rise  less  fre- 
quently to  chronic  inflammations  of  that  viscus. 

Stomachic  Boluses,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Pulveris  Croci  Sativi gr.  yi. 

Pulveris  Canellse  Alba? gr.  iv. 

Magnesise  purae gr.  viii. 

Oxidi  Ferri  rubri gr.  vi. 

Syrupi  Simplicis q.  s. 

These  boluses  are  applicable  to  cases  where  it  is 
necessary  to  restore  the  powers  of  the  stomach, 
provided  there  exist  no  acute  or  chronic  inflamma- 
tion of  that  organ  ;  or  in  those  cases  where  general 
weakness  and  languor  are  predominant. 

Pulveris  Cinchona? g  i. 

Carbonatis  Potassse 31. 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  xvi. 

Syrupi  Simplicis q.  s. 

For  sixty  pills,  to  be  taken  in  the  twenty-four 
hours. 

In  this  formula,  at  one  time  much  prescribed,  the 
cinchona  is  combined  with  the  emetic  tartar.  The 
combination  of  these  two  substances  is  considered 
to  possess  more  powerful  properties  than  the  cin- 
chona alone.  It  is  given  in  intermittent  fevers, 
and  in  the  diseases  which  assume  a  periodic  march* 

Camphor  Bolus,  (H6tel-Dieu.) 

Camphorse gr.  xii. 

Nitratis  Potassse gr.  xii. 

Amyli >  — 

Syrupi... ....I «"*  s' 

Fiat  bolus. 

From  two  to  six  are  administered  during  the 
day,  in  fever. 


118  PILLS  AND  BOLUSES. 

Pulveris  Cinchonas    3  vi. 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  vi, 

Extracti  Juniperi  Com q.  s. 

From  the  formula  of  M.  Laennec. 

Antiseptic  Pills,  (St.  Antoine.) 

Camphor® i 

Nitratis  Potass® >   ~a  £  i. 

Pulveris  Acaciee  Arab.  ) 

Divide  the  mass  into  pills  of  four  grains.  Dose 
four  to  eight  pills,  in  cases  where  a  tendency  to 
gangrene  is  manifested. 

Antihysteric  Pills,  (St.  Antoine.) 

Moschi . .  .gr.  xxiv. 

Extracti  Opii gr.  xii. 

Extracti  Valerian® gr.  xxiv. 

For  sixteen  pills. 

Anodyne  Pi//*,  (M.  RECAMIER.) 

Extracti  Opii gr.  ii. 

Autimonii  Sulphureti  precipit. . .  gr.  ii. 

Nitratis  Potass® gr.  iv. 

To  diminish  pain,  and  produce  diaphoresis.  They 
arc  useful  in  rheumatic  affections,  and  have  some 
analogy  to  Dover's  powder. 

Camphor® gr.  ii. 

Submurmtis  Hydrargyri .gr.  i. 

Syrupi  Simplicis q.  s. 

Fiat  pilula. 

Pills  used  in  Hospital  Gangrene,  (M.  DUPUYTREN.) 

Camphor® gr.  xxiv. 

Moschi gr.  viii. 

Extracti  Opii gr.  ii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis q.  s. 

These  pillf?;  composed  of  substances  suited  to 


PILLS  AND  BULUSES.  119 

act  strongly  on  the  nervous  system,  have  been 
successfully  employed  by  M.  Dupuytren,  to  raise 
and  support  the  powers,  in  patients  attacked  with 
Hospital  Gangrene. 

Antisyphilitic  Pills,  (M.  DUPUYTREN.} 
Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri. . ,  .gr.  fs. 

Extract!  Cinchona? gr.  x. 

Extract!  Opii gr.  fs. 

Pulveris  Cinchona . . . .  q.  s. 

Fiat  pilula. 

M.  Dupuytren  recommends  these  pills  in  the 
treatment  of  syphilis.  The  addition  of  the  opium 
and  extract  of  cinchona  seem,  according  to  his  ob- 
servation, to  second,  or  modify  beneficially,  the  ac- 
tion of  the  sublimate.  The  dose  is  from  two  to 
three  pills  a-day,  which  can  rarely  be  exceeded 
without  inconvenience. 

Pulveris  Valerianse gr.  xxx. 

Castorei gr.  i v. 

Oxidi  Zinci  Albi gr.  xx. 

Syrupi  Simplicis q.  s. 

This  mass  is  formed  into  three  pills,  and  given 
during  the  day.  They  are  employed  by  M.  Du- 
puytren in  epilepsy  conjoined  with  baths,  and  the 
apposition  of  the  cautery  to  the  arm. 

Deobstruent  Pills,  (M.  RECAMIER.) 

Saponis  Medicinalis 3  iii. 

Gummi  Ammoniaci 3  i. 

Aloes    gr.  x. 

Asssefoetidfie 3  fs. 

Pulveris  Rhei .3  i. 

Croci  Sativi 3  fs. 

The  mass  is  made  into  pills  of  three  grains,  which 
have  been  employed  by  JVI.  Recamier  in  cases  of 
chronic  enlargements  of  the  abdominal  viicera. 


120  PILLS  AND  BOLUSES. 

The  purgative  substances  which  enter  into  their 
composition,  fit  them  to  establish  a  derivative  ir- 
ritation in  the  intestinal  canal,  and  to  promote  the 
resolution  of  the  disease.  The  dose  is  from  four 
to  five  pills  each  day. 

Pills  of  Camphor  and  Cinchona,  (M.  DUPUYTBEN.) 

Extract!  Cinchonas 31. 

Opii gr  i. 

Camphorae gr.  xii. 

Pulveris  Cinchonas q.  s. 

From  this  mass  are  formed  twelve  pills.  They 
are  used  by  M.  Dupuytren  as  totiic  and  stimulant. 

Astringent  Pills,  (M.  RECAMIER.) 
Sulphatis  Aluminas  et  Potasss3.gr.  vi. 

Extracti  Opii gr.  i. 

Catechu gr.  xxiv. 

Fiat  massa,  in  pilulas  sex,  dividenda. 

These  pills  have  been  of  service  indifferent  cases 
of  passive  hsemorrhagy,  and  also  in  atonic  mucous 
discharges  consequent  to  inflammation.  The  six 
pills  are  usually  directed  to  be  taken  in  the  twenty- 
four  hours. 

Antispasmodic  Pill,  (Hotel-Dieu. — M.  PETIT.) 

Moschi gr.  i. 

Assffifoetidse gr.  ii. 

Given  by  M.  Petit  in  nervous  affections. 

Extracti  Opii gr.  i. 

Camphor®  gr.  vi. 

Nitratis  Potassae gr.  iv. 

Syrupi  Simplicis q.  s. 

Employed  also  by  M.  Petit  in  nervous  affections, 
accompanied  with  convulsions,  as  hysteria,  epilepsy, 
chorea,  &c.,  and  in  fevers,  attended  with  delirium 
and  convulsive  movements. 


PILLS  AND  BOLtfSES.  121 

JLntispasmodic  Pill,  (H6tel-Dieu. — M.  MONTAIGU.  ) 

Moschi gr.  i. 

Assaefcetidae gr.  ii. 

Gummi  Ammoniaci gr.  ii. 

Pulveris  Valerianae gr.  viii. 

Syrupi q.  s. 

•Antispasmodic  Bolus,  (La  Pitie. — M.  BALLY.) 

Pulveris  Castorei \ 

Succini /    —     f 

Assrefcetidse £    a  a  5  is 

Valerianae J 

Camphorse 9  i. 

Syrupi  Opii q.  s. 

Made  into  boluses  of  six  grains  each,  and  given 
to  the  extent  of  four  to  eight  a-day,  in  neuralgias, 
and  hysteric  affections. 


Bolus,  (used  in  Catarrh,  by  M.  BALLY.) 

Butyri  Cacao  recentis 3  i. 

Gummi  Tragacanthae ....  1 

Croci  Sativi >  ITa  3  fs. 

Mellis > 

Extracti  Glycyrrhizae    )  

Olei  Anisi  Sulphurati  ]  aa^  x' 

Extracti  Hyosciami gr.  vi. 

Acetatis  Morphii gr.  ii. 

From  this  mass  thirty-six  boluses  are  formed, 
each  containing  the  eighteenth  of  a  grain  of  acetate 
of  morphia,  and  a  sixth  of  the  extract  of  hyoscia- 
mus.  One  is  given  every  three  or  four  hours,  in 
the  catarrhs  accompanied  with  much  irritation, 
and  in  which  we  also  wish  to  promote  expectora- 
tion. Along  with  them  should  be  drank  a  cup  of 
the  infusion  of  marshmallows,  or  the  red  poppy* 

11 


%%  PILLS  AND  BOLUSES. 

Diuretic  Pill,  (La  Charite*— M.  LFRMIKIER.) 

Submuriatis  Hydrargyri gr.  ii. 

Pulveris    Scillse >       

Rhei f  -.aagr.l. 

Syrupi  Foeniculi  Comp q.  s. 

Employed  as  diuretic  and  purgative — dose  four 
pills  a- day. 

•Anodyne  Pills,  (Hotel-Dieu. — M.  RECAMIER.) 

Extracti  Opii gr.  iii. 

Camphorse gr.  vi. 

Syrupi q.  s. 

Fiant  pilulse  sex. 

Given  by  M.  Recamier  in  cases  of  acute  pain, 
not  of  an  inflammatory  nature,  or  after  inflamma- 
tion has  been  subdued  by  local  and  general  bleed- 
ing. 

Astringent  Bolus,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Balsami  Copaibae 3  ii. 

Gummi  Acacise  Arab 3  i. 

Pulveris  Glycyrrhizas q.  s. 

This  mass,  in  the  form  of  bolus,  is  taken,  one 
half  in  the  morning,  the  other  in  the  evening,  in 
casee  of  obstinate  gleet  and  gonorrhea,  which  re- 
sist the  ordinary  treatment. 

Pulveris  Cinchonas 3  ii. 

Corticis  Granati 31. 

Balaami  Copaibse q.  s. 

Given  in  boluses  of  twelve  grains,  in  the  same 
cases  as  the  preceding. 

Compound  Mercurial  Pill,  (— — - — ) 

Hydrargyri  pjirificati g  iij. 

Supertartratis  Potassse gr.  x. 


PILLS  AND  BOLUSES. 

Pulveris  Seammoniae 

Jalaps 

*  Syrupi q.  s. 

The  dose  is  from  fifteen  to  thirty  grains  in  pills. 
Although  recommended  as  a  specific  in  syphilis,  it 
is  usually  as  a  purgative  that  this  medicine  is  ex- 
hibited. 

Pills  of  the  Corrosive  Sublimate,  (Venereal  Hospital,) 
Deuto-Chloridi  Hydrargyri . .  gr.  xx. 

Amyli 3  fs. 

Gummi  Acacise  Arab 3  ij. 

Aquae q.   s. 

The  mass  is  divided  into  a  hundred  and  forty-four 
pills,  which  contain  each  $th  of  a  grain  of  the  salt. 
Dose  from  one  to  three  pills  a-day.  Only  a  few 
pills  should  be  prepared  at  a  time,  as,  when  they  are 
old,  they  acquire  a  hardness  which  renders  them 
insoluble  in  the  stomach.  M.  Cullerier  prefers,  in 
general,  to  administer  the  sublimate  under  the  form 
of  the  Liquor  of  Van  Swieten. 

Pills  of  GumJlmm-miaC)  (St.  Antoine.) 

Gummi  Ammoniaci 9  iij. 

Pulveris  Scillae . £   i. 

Fiant  pilulse  quadraginta  octo. 
These  pills  are  in  use  to  promote  expectoration 
in  chronic  catarrhal  affections. 


*  This  formula,  though  less  complicated,  is  analogous  to  that  given 
for  the  pills,  known  on  the  continent  as  the  Pills  of  Beluste-  The 
following  is  the  formula  for  these  pills,  extracted  from  M.  Ratier's 
translation  of  the  Codex  Mtedicamentarius. —  Tr. 


Hv 


JHeliis 

Pulveris  Rhei 
.HoiCti  Laricis 
Aloes  Soccotrin 
Bcammonise 
Frnctns  Piperis 


12 
32 
2 
2 
2 
8 


124  FILLS  AND  BOLUSES. 

Stomachic  Bolus,  (La  Pitie.) 
Pulveris  Croci  Sativi      )    — 

Canelhe  Albae $    a  a  &'  V1* 

Syrupi q.  s. 

Given  during  convalescence  from  diseases  of  long 
duration,  and  in  the  case  of  weak  subjects,  of  a  lym- 
phatic temperament. 

Bolus  of  Camphor  and  Nitre,  (Maternite.) 

Ctinphorae gr.  viii. 

Nitratis  Potassae gr.  vi. 

Vitelli  Ovi q.  s. 

In  fever,  and  in  diseases  marked  by  prostration 
of  strength. 

Camphor® gr.  vi. 

Hydro  Sulphureti  Antimonii..  .gr.  |. 

Supertartratis  Potassae gr.  iv. 

Vitelli  Ovi q.  s. 

This  bolus  is  given  in  cases  similar  to  the  former. 
To  the  formula  is  sometimes  added, 

Hydro-chloratis  Ammonias . . . .  gr..  i. 
Vermifuge  Bolus,  (Maternite.) 

Proto-Chloridi  Hydrargyri gr.    ii. 

Seminum  Artemisiae  Santonicae . .  gr.  viii. 

Camphorae gr.    vi. 

Syrupi q.     s. 

Bolus  of  Cinchona  and  Rhubarb,  ( ) 

Cinchonas 3  v. 

Rhei 3  fs. 

Hydro-chloratis  Amrnoniae . .  gr.  xxx. 
Syrupi  fructus  Amygdali  Persici. .  q.  s. 

These  substances  are  mixed  so  as  to  form  a  soft 
electuary,  which  is  divided  into  six  doses,  one  of 
which  is  taken  every  three  hours  in  intermittent  fe- 
vers, and  periodic  nervous  affections. 


PliLS  AND  BOLUSBS,  125 

Sqtiill  Bolus,  ( — } 

Pulveris  Scillae gr.  vi. 

Sulphatis  Potassse gr.  ij. 

Oxymellis  Scillitici q.  s. 

In  dropsies  of  the  cellular  tissue,  or  of  the  se- 
rous cavities. 

Pulveris  Valerianse gr.  xx. 

Sulphatis  Potassae gr.  ij. 

Syrupi  Aurantii q.  s, 

Laxative  Bolus,  ( M.  CH\USSIER.) 
Proto-chloridi  Hydrargyri. . . . gr.  iij. 

Sulphatis  Magnesias gr.  iv. 

Syrupi  Rhamni q.  8. 

Compound  Pulp  of  Cassia,  (La  Charite.) 
Pulpse  Cassias  Fistularis  .  J 

Mannae >  77   5  ij. 

Oiei  Amygdalae  Dulcis. .) 
Aquae  Florum  Citri  Aurantii  . .  3  ij. 
This  marmalade  is  given  as  a  laxative  and  de- 
mulcent in  acute  affections  of  the  respiratory  pas- 
sages, in  the  dose  of  a  spoonful  every  hour.     To 
lender  it  expectorant,  if  necessary,  one  or   two 
grains  of  the  hydro-sulphuret  of  antimony  may  be 
added. 

Astringent  Pills*  (Hotel-Dieu.— -M.  GEOFFROY.) 

Conservae  Rosae  Gallicae 3  i, 

Resinae  Pterocarpi  Draconis 3  i. 

Proto-chloridi  Hydrargyri.  .gr.  xviii. 

Balsami  Copaibae    ,  3  ii. 

The  mass  is  directed  to  be  formed  into  six  grain 
pills,  and  from  one  to  three  to  be  taken  morning 
and  evening,  according  to  the  indication.  They 
are  employed  against  long  existing  gonorrhoea  or 
gleet,  when  there  is  no  longer  any  irritation,  and 


126  PILLS  AND  BOLUSES, 

the  discharge  is  owing  to  an  atonic  state  of  the 
mucous  tissue. 

Purgative  Electuary  ,  (La  Charite.  —  M.  FOUQUIER.) 


ScammonioB  ..................  3  i. 

Scillse  .......................  3  i. 

Syrupi  Rhamni  ...............  q.  s. 

Employed  frequently  by  M.  Fouquier  as  a  hy- 
dragogne  cathartic.  The  .dose  is  from  one  to  two 
drachms. 

Vermifuge  Electuary  >  (M.  FOUQUIER.) 
Pul  veris  Stanni  ...............  3  i. 

Extract!  Artemisia?  Santon.  >  —      . 
Pulveris  Jalapae  ...........  f  '•*,?• 

Syrupi  Chicorii  Comp  .........  q.  s. 

M.  Fouquier  has  procured  good  effects  from  this 
as  a  remedy  against  the  tsenia.     He  administers  the 
whole  quantity,    divided  into  twelve   or    sixteen 
portions,   one  of  which  the   patient   takes  every 
half  hour,  drinking  occasionally  a  cup  of  some  ve- 
getable soup.     With  the   alvine   evacuations,  the 
tsenia  is  expelled  entire   or  in  part.     This  remedy. 
however,  like  most  others,  has  in    many    cases 
failed. 

Emmendgogue  Pill,  (M.  FOUQUIER  ) 
Pulveris  Croci  Sativi  .........  gr.  iu 

Oxidi  Ferri  Nigri  .............  gr.  i. 

Pulveris  Valerianae  ..........  gr.  ii. 

Syrupi  Artemisia?  .............  q.  s. 

M.  Fouquier  gives  this  pill  to  the  number  of 
four  or  eight  in  the  day,  in  some  cases  of  amen- 
orrhoea  occurring  in  delicate  females,  while  he  ap- 
plies every  second  day  four  or  six  leeches  to  the 
vulva,  with  the  intention  of  relieving  the  congestion 
of  the  uterine  system. 


PILLS  AND  B0LUSES.  127 

Styptic  Pills,  (Maison  de  Sante.  —  M.  DUMERIL.) 
Acetatis  Plumbi  ............  gr.  iv. 

Opii  purificati  ................  gr.  i. 

Extract!  Glycyrrhizse  ...........  9  i. 

Subige  in  massam,  /dividenuatn  in  piml  is  sexdecim. 
To  diminish  the   alvine  evacuations  in-  chronic 
and  colliquative  diarrho3a. 

Pills  of  the  Acetate  of  Lead,  (M.  FOUQUIER.) 
Acetatis  Plumbi  ..............  3  i. 

Pulveris  AlthteaB  ..............  3  i. 

Syrupi  ......................  q.  s. 

Divide  in  pilulas  triginta  sex. 
The  dose  of  these  pills  is  from  four  to  twelve  in 
the  day.  They  are  designed  to  moderate  the  wast- 
ing sweats  in  phthisis,  a  purpose  which  they  ef- 
fect in  a  very  remarkable  manner.  They  should 
be  taken  at  the  hour  when  the  sweats  usually  com- 
snence. 

Antispasmodic  Pills,  (M.  DUBOIS.) 
Extract!  Cinchonse 
-  Catechu 


^   ............  )  _      .. 

Nitratis  Potassae  ........  \a  a  9  "' 

Moschi  ....................  gr.  xv. 

In  pills  of  six  grains,  used  in  different  cases  of 
nervous  affection. 

•Mercurial  Pills,  (Maison  de  Sante.) 
Hydrargyri  purificati  ..........  3  i. 

Confervas  ROSSB  Canine  .......  3  i. 

Tere  hydrargyrum  cum  conserva,  donee  globuli 
penitus  evanescunt  ;  divide  massam  in  pilulas 
triginta  eex. 
These  pills  are  used  by  Professor  Dubois  in  the 


126  PILLS  AND  BOLUSES. 

veneral  disease.  The  dose  is  from  two  to  four  pills. 
They  have  the  inconvenience  of  acting  very  speedily 
on  the  mouth. 

Anodyne  Pills,  (M.  DUBOIS.) 

Submuriatis  Hydrargyri 3  fs. 

Extract!  Opii gr.  xviii, 

•    Conii  Maculati 3  iv, 

Syrupi  AlthsBae q.  s. 

Ft.  massa  in  piJulas  triginta  sex  distribuenda. 
IVL  Dubois  prescribes  these  pills  in  some  organic 
affections  of  the  glands  and  viscera.  He  regards 
them  less  as  having  a  curative  power,  than  as  the 
means  of  soothing  the  pain  to  which  the  patient  is 
subjected.  The  dose,  at  first  two  pills,  is  gradually 
augmented. 

Sulph.  Antimomi  precipitati ....  3  fs. 

Submuriatis  Hydrargyri 3  fs. 

Extracti  Conii  Maculati 3  fs= 

Pulveris q.  s. 

Divide  in  piJulas  triginta  sex. 

M.  Dubois  administers  this  preparation  in  dif- 
ferent species  of  herpes,  assisting  it  by  baths,  and 
other  usual  remedies. 

Mercurial  and  Anodyne  Pill,  (Pitie — M.  BALLY.) 

Saponis  Albi )  — .      • 

Extracti  Solani  Dulcamaras  \  aa  3  1§ 

—  Chrysanthemi 3  fs. 

i  Coniir ) 

— Colocynthidis. . .  [  *a  &'  XVm' 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri gr.  iij. 

The  mass  is  divided  into  seventy-two  pills,  each 
of  which  will  contain  a  twenty-fourth  of  a  grain 
of  the  sublimate.  They  are  given  in  herpes  and 
syphilis,  one  morning  and  evening,  increasing  the 
dose  with  caution  every  gix  or  eight  days. 


PILLS  AND  BOLUSES.  129 

Pills  of  the  Nitrate  of  Silver. 

Nitratis  Argenti gr.  vi. 

Extract!  Opii 3  i. 

Moschi 9  ii. 

Camphorse 9  iv. 

Subige  in  massam,  in  pilulas  nonaginta  sex,  divi- 
dendam. 

The  dose  is  one  pill,  night  and  morning,  gradu- 
ally augmented  according  as  the  patient  is  seen  to 
support  it.  These  pills  are  employed  in  the  treat- 
ment of  chronic  nervous  affections,  more  especially 
of  epilepsy. 

Mercurial  Pills>  No.  1.  (St.  Louis.) 

Deuto-chJoridi  Hydrargyri 9  i. 

Alcoholis 3  ii. 

Farinse  Tritici  Hyberni 3  iij. 

Aquae  distillate ... q.  s. 

Divided  into  a  hundred  and  forty-four  pills,  each 
containing  an  eighth  of  a  grain  of  the  sublimate. 
At  first,  one  pill  is  given  morning  and  evening. 
The  dose  is  afterwards  doubled. 

No.  2.  ( ) 

Saponis  Medicinalis 3  fs. 

Pulveris  Rhei 3  ii. 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrarg 9  i. 

Pulveris  Glycyrrhizse ) 

Syrupi  Florum  Citri  Aurant..  \  aa  q*  s* 
This  mass,  divided  into  the  same  number  of  pills 
as  the  former,  is  administered  in  the  same  manner, 
and  in  the  same  cases. 

No.  3.  ( ) 

Unguenti  Hydrarg.  Fort 3  iij. 

Saponis  Medicinalis 3  ii. 

Amyli, §  ii.  fs, 


130  JflLLS  AND  BOLUSES. 

Formed  into  four  grain  pills,  and  administered  in 
the  same  doses  as  the  preceding. 

Antisyphilitic  Pills,  (M.  ALIBERT.) 

Pulveris  Althaeae  ..............  3  iv. 

Proto-chloridi  Hydrarg....  >  _     •• 

Resins  Guaiaci  ...........  $  a  a  5  u 

Syrupi  Cydoniae  ..............  q.  s. 

Formed  into  four  grain  pills,  the  dose  of  which  is 
from  four  to  six  a-  day. 

Pill  of  the  Cyanuret  of  Potassium,  (M.  BALLY.) 
*  Cyanureti  Potassii  ......  )  —  „    c 

Amyli  ................  £a«gr.  &. 

Syrupi  Gununi  ................  q.  s. 

Fiat  pilula. 

In  dyspnoea,  orthopno3a,  and  convulsive  affections,, 
One  pill  may  be  given  morning  and  evening,  pro- 
gressively and  cautiously  increasing  the  number. 


Mercurial  Pill,  (M. 
f  Unguenti  Hydrargyri  ..........  3  ii. 

Pulveris  Glycyrrhizae  ..........  q.  s. 

This  is  designed  to  form  a  hundred  and  forty- 
four  pills,  which  M.  Fouquier  frequently  employs 
in  the  treatment  of  sypmlis.  He  considers  them  as 
irritating  the  stomach  less  than  any  other  mercu- 
rial preparation.  The  dose  may  be  carried  the  length 
of  six  in  the  day.  When  the  mouth  becomes  af- 
fected, he  suspends  their  use  till  the  irritation  has 
ceased.  Along  with  these  pills  he  sometimes 
directs  the  use  of  baths  and  diaphoretic  drinks. 


*  Prugsiate  o  f  potass.  Compound  of  cyanogen  and  potassium. —  Tr. 
t  Thii  ointment  is  formed  of  equal  parts  of  pure  mercu»y  and  JartL 
ride  Phar.  Gall.— TV. 


PILLS  AIVD  BOLUSES.  131 

Pills  of  the  Arseniate  of  Iron,  (M.  BIETT.) 
Proto-Arseniatis  Ferri. ..... .gr.  iij. 

Extract!  Humilli  Lupuli , 3  ii. 

Pulveris  Althse<e 3  fs. 

Syrupi  Florum  Citri  Aurantii. .  .q.  s. 
Fiat  massa,  in  pilulas  quadra gint a  octo,  dividenda. 
The  arsetiiate  of  iron  has  been  proposed  in  En- 

fland  as  a  useful  remedy  in  cancerous  affections, 
have  made  trial  of  it  in  some  scrofulous  herpetic 
affections,  and  have  several  times  seen  a  beneficial 
change  in  these  diseases,  under  the  influence  of  this 
medicine.  The  pills  of  the  above  formula  have  ap- 
peared to  me  a  very  convenient  form  for  its  admi- 
nistration. I  give  one  pill  a-day,  and  we  cannot  with 
safety  exceed  this  dose,  until  the  patient  has  been 
accustomed  to  the  medicine  for  a  considerable 
time.— (Note  by  M.  Biett.) 

Asiatic  Pills,  (St  Louis.) 

Protoxidi  Arsenici . .  .gr.  iv. 

Piperis  Nigri 3  ix. 

These  substances  are  directed  to  be  pounded  in 
an  iron  mortar  during  four  days  at  intervals.  When 
the  mixture  is  reduced  to  an  impalpable  powder,  it 
is  put  into  a  marble  mortar,  and  water  added  to  it 
by  degrees,  until  a  pill  mass  be  formed.  It  is  divi- 
ded then  into  pills,  to  the  number  of  eight  hundred, 
which  should  be  preserved  in  a  stone  bottle. 

These  pills,  the  formula  for  which  has  been  pub- 
lished in  the  Calcutta  Journals,  are  employed  in  In- 
dia against  the  tuberculous  lepra,  and  are  regarded 
as  an  infallible  remedy.  The  experiments  made  at 
the  Hospital  of  St  Louis  have  not  been  attended 
with  such  satisfactory  results  as  those  said  to  have 
been  obtained  in  India.  In  some  cases,  however,  of 
inveterate  herpes,  considerable  benefit  has  been  de- 
rived from  them.  One  pill  may  be  given  daily,  but 


132  POTIONS  OB  DRAUGHTS. 

we  should  not  exceed  two,  especially  if  we  continue 
them  long — (JVbte  By  M.  Biett. ) 


POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS. 

By  the  name  of  potion  or  draught  is  understood  a 
liquid  preparation,  composed  of  infusions,  decoctions, 
or  distilled  waters,  to  which  are  added  sirups,  ex- 
tracts, powders,  or  salts.  Draughts  usually  consist 
of  six  or  eight  ounces  in  quantity,  and  are  taken  at 
once,  or  administered  by  spoonfuls  according  to  the 
indication.  The  term  of  juleps,  however,  is  more 
specially  applied  to  those  mixtures  designed  to  be 
taken  in  one  dose,  though  all  the  terms  are  often 
given  indiscriminately. 

Pectoral  Mixture,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 
(Julep  Bechique.) 

Infusi  Althaeae  Comp . .  3  ii. 

Mucilag.  Gummi  Acac 3  "- 

Aquae  Florum  Citri  Aurant 3  ii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3    i. 

This  mucilaginous  mixture  is  in  common  use,  in 
acute  or  chronic  catarrhal  affections.  It  serves 
also  as  the  vehicle  for  a  number  of  substances,  ad- 
ministered under  the  liquid  form.  Half  a  drachm 
of  cinchona  to  four  ounces  of  the  julep  bechique,  is 
given  with  advantage  by  M.  Petit  in  chronic  catarrh. 
It  is  intended  to  favour  the  expulsion  of  the  viscid 
mucosity  oy  which  the  respiratory  passages  are 
often  obstructed. 

Pectoral  Mixture,  (M.  RECAMIER.) 
Misturse  Pectoral.  Communis. . .  3  iv. 

Acetatis  Ammonia? 3  ii. 

vel  Aquse  Lauro  Cerasi 3  fs, — 3  i. 

These  additions,  made  to  the  common  pectoral 


POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS.  138 

mixture,  have  for  their  object  to  facilitate  expecto- 
ration, and  to  calm  the  cough.  This  property  is 
ascribed  to  the  distilled  water  of  the  cherry  laurel, 
and  is  owing  to  the  hydro-cyanic  acid  which  it 
contains. 

Infusi  Tiliae  Europese 5  ii. 

Althaeae  Comp 3  i. 

Mucilag.  Gummi  Acac 3  i. 

Aquae  Florum  Citri  Aurant. ...   3  ii. 

Syrupi  Papaveris 31. 

Simplicis 3  i. 

Frequently  employed  at  the  H6tel-Dieu  in  all 
cases  of  violent  pain,  in  convulsions,  hysteria,  epi- 
lepsy, &c. 

Jlntispasmodic  Mixtures^  (—— ) 

Infusi  TiliaB  Europese g  i. 

Fol.  Citri  Aurant.... g  i. 

Aquae  Menthae } 

Melissa?  Officinal >  JTa  3  fs. 

Florum  Citri  Aurant.. .  } 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  i. 

^Etheris  Sulphurici gtt.  xxx. 

Cordial  Mixture^  ( ) 

Electuarii  Croci  Oriental. .......  3  i. 

Aquae  Menthae ) „  . 

Melissae  Officinal. ...    f  •  *  3  * 

Canellae  Albce 3  fs. 

Florum  Citri  Aurant 3  fs. 

*  Syrupi  Simplicis 3  i. 

This  mixture,  composed  of  distilled  aromatic 
waters,  is  useful  in  affections  where  it  is  necessary 
to  stimulate  the  vital  powers.  In  the  Hdtel-Dieu, 


*  In  the  saffron  electuary,  formtrly  called  confection  of  hyacinth, 
the  predominant  ingredients  are  saffron,  canella,  and  myrrh.— -Tr* 


1«34  POTIONS  OK  DRAUGHTS. 

it  is  administered  by  some  of  the  physicians  m  ady- 
namia and  ataxic  fevers,  with  the  addition,  in  ge- 
neral, of  the  extract  of  cinchona,  or  acetate  of  am- 
monia. 

Infusi  Pecteralis  ..............  3  vi. 

Aquae  Canellae  ................  3  v. 

Electuarii  Croci  Orient  .........  3  i. 

Syrupi  Dianthi  Caryophylli  ......  3  i. 

Alcoholis  ............  .  ........  3  i. 

Analogous  to  the  preceding,  and  employed  in  the 
same  cases. 

Tonic  Mixture^  (M.  DUPUYTREN.) 
Extract!  Cinchona?  ............  3  ii. 

-  Opii  .........  .  .......  3  fs. 

Syrupi  Cinchona?  Vinosi  ......  3  ii.  fs. 

Aquas  Menthae  ..........  >  —  „  - 

•  3  " 


Professor  Dupuytren  sometimes  employs  this  mix- 
ture in  diseases  with  a  sinking  of  the  forces,  when 
there  is  no  reason  to  suspect  any  gastro-intestinal 
inflammation.  It  may  be  observed,  that  M.  Dupuy- 
tren, even  before  the  announcement  of  the  physiolo- 
gical doctrine,  had  given  his  attention  to  the  abuse 
generally  made  of  tonics,  and  showed  extreme  cir- 
cumspection in  their  use. 

Tonic  Mixture,  (M.  RECAMIER.) 
Decocti  Radicis  Angusturae  ...  3  vi. 
Aqua3  Canellae  ...............  3  fs. 

Tincturae  Opii  ...........  .  gtt.  xx. 

The  dose  is  a  table-spoonful,  three  times  a-day- 
in  disorders  attended  with  weakness  of  the  digestive 
functions. 


I'OTIOSS  OR  DRAUGHTS.  135 

Compound  Linctus>  (Hdtel-Dieu.) 

Linctus  Albi* 3  iv. 

Extract!  Opii gr.  i. 

Cinchona) gr.  iv. 

•  Camphorse gr.  vi. 

Useful  in  catarrhal  affections,   accompanied  by 

violent  cough,  and  a  considerable  afflux  of  mucus. 
It  acts  as  an  anodyne  and  expectorant. 

Anodyne  Mixture^M..  RECAMIER.) 
Aq.  distillat.  Florum  Citri  Aur-  .31. 

Melissa 3  iii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  *• 

Papaveris 3fs — 3  *• 

Purgative  Potion*  (  ) 

Tinct.  Jalapse  Comp 3  i. — g  ii. 

Syrupi  Rhamni 3  ^. — i. 

Aquae  Chicorii 3  iv. 

Employed  by  M.  Recamier  in  dropsies  which 
permit  the  exhibition  of  purgatives. 

Pulveris  Cinchon® 3  ^s- 

Muriatis  Ammonias gr.  xii. 

Vini  Rubri 3  iv. 

This  preparation  is  sometimes  given  in  intermit- 
tent fevers,  and  is  usually  administered  before  the 
paroxysm,  in  one  dose. 

Antiseptic  Draught,  ( Hotel- Dieu.) 

Decocti  Cinchona 3  iv. 

Tinct.  Canellae 3  i. 

Acetatis  Ammonia? 31. 

Syrupi  Simplicis g  i. 

Camphors - gr.  x. 

in  adynamic  fever,  with  a  disposition  to  gangrene, 

*  Lohoch  Album  velEnrwlsio  Aniy«:dalarnm.-~7V. 


136  POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS. 

Tincturae  Gentianse g  i. 

Carbonatis  Ammoniae  vel'Sodae.  .3,fs. 
Recommended  as  a  medicine  in  scrofula.  Seve- 
ral of  the  physicians  of  the  H6tel-Dieu,  however, 
believing  that  scrofula  is  accompanied  by  an  inflam- 
matory state,  which  tonics  cannot  fail  to  aggravate, 
adopt  an  opposite  mode  of  treatment. 

Infusi  AlthsBse  Comp g  ii. 

Olei  Amygdali  Communis 3  ii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  i. 

Employed  in  inflammations  of  the  chest,  as  demul- 
cent and  gently  laxative. 

Diuretic  Mixture,  (Hdtel-Dieu.) 

Decocti  Foeniculi  Comp 3  iii. 

Aquae  Florum  Citri  Aurant 3  fs. 

Oxymellis  Scillitici 3  ii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3!. 

Tincturae  Opii } 

Castorei >  ~a    gtt.  vi. 

i  Moschi ) 

Spiritas  ^Etheris  Nitrici.  ) . 

^Etheris  Sulphurici. . .   .  \  a  a  Su* 
Employed  in  dropsy,  to  increase  the  urinary  se- 
cretion. 

Vini  Albi fe  i. 

Nitratis  Potassae 3  fs. 

vel  Acetatis  Potassae 3  i. 

These  are  analogous  in  their  action  to  the  pre- 
ceding, and  from  the  exciting  quality  of  the  wine 
may  be  preferred  in  the  case  of  passive  dropsy. 

Purgative  Draught,  (  ) 

Fol.  Sennae 3  ii. 

Sulphatis  Sodse 3  fs. 

Aquae 3  iv. 

Syrupi  Rhamni 3  i. 


POTIONS  OK  PRAUGHTfr.  137 

This  draught  is  very  frequently  employed  where 
the  object  is  simply  to  dislodge  the  contents  of  the 
intestines.  For  the  Syrupus  Rhamni,  a  few  grains  of 
Jalap  is  sometimes  substituted.  Many,  however, 
show  reserve  in  the  use  of  the  more  active  purga- 
tives, preferring  those  that  are  less  exciting. 

Olei  Ricini 3  vi. 

Oxymellis  Scillitici 3  is. 

Syrupi  Rhamni g  i. 

Emetic  Draghts,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 
Tartratis  Antimonii  et  Potass® .  gr.  ii. 
Decocti  Tritici  Repentis 3  iv. 

Ipecacuanhee gr.  xii. 

Aqua?. . . 3  iv. 

In  all  ordinary  cases  where  an  emetic  is  required, 

Sulphatis  Sodas 3  fs, 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  ij. 

Decocti  Carnis  Vitulinae ft  ij. 

Emetic  and  cathartic,  and  useful  when  both  the 
stomach  and  bowels  are  at  the  same  time  disorder- 
ed. A  small  glassful  is  given  every  half  hour. 

Simple  Linctus,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Gummi^Acaciae  Arab 3  ii. 

Sacchari 3  ij. 

Aquae g  v. 

Used  in  inflammations  of  the  chest,  with  cough, 
and  as  a  vehicle  for  other  medicines. 

Laxative  Mixture,  ( ) 

Linctus  Simplicis 3  iv. 

Syrupi  Chicorii  Comp.  ........  3  ii. 

As  an  evacuant  for  children. 


138  POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHT.-. 

Common  Purgative  Mixture^  ( ) 

Pulveris  Jalapae gr.  xxx. 

Sulphatis  Sodae 3  v. 

Sy  rupi  Mellis 3  i. 

Decocti  Chicorii 3  vi. 

This,  -.vith  the  following,  is  the  most  common 
of  the  purgative  preparations  employed  at  the  H6- 
pitai  des  Veneriens. 

Fol.  Sennae 3  ii. 

Sulphatis  Soda? 3  ii.  fs. 

Mannas 3   ii. 

Decocti  Chicorii 3  vi. 

Anodyne  Draught,  ( ) 

Linctus  Simplicis 3  v. 

Aquae  Florum  Citri  Aurant 3  ii. 

Vini  Opii  Comp gtt.  xv. — xxx. 

Carminative  Mixture,  ( ) 

Seminum  Anisi 3  fs. 

Aquae 3  iv. 

Sacchari 3  ij. 

Administered  by  tea-spoonfuls,  to  children  who 
are  troubled  with  flatulence. 

Anthelmintic  Mixture,  ( ) 

Linctus  Simplicis 3  iv. 

Corallinaa  Officinalis* 3  fs. 

Olei  Amygdali  Communis 3  i. 

Syrupi  Citri  Medicae 3  i. 

This  preparation  answers  for  children  who  suffer 
from  the  lumbrici.  The  oil  of  almonds,  with  the 
sirup  of  lemons,  forms  a  laxative  mixture  capable 
of  expelling  the  worms  that  have  experienced  the 
deleterious  action  of  the  coralline. 

*  Fucus  Helrainthocorton.—  Tr. 


POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHT* *  &$ 

Squill  Linctus,  ( ) 

Linctus  Simplicis 3  iy> 

Mellis  Scillaj 3   i. 

Used  as  an  expectorant  in  catarrhal  affections. 

Olei  Olese  Opt 3  ii. 

Mucilaginis  Gummi  Acac 3  v. 

Syrupi  Adianti  Pedati  * 3  ii. 

Pulyeris  Ipecacuanhas gr.  i. — viii. 

vel  Oxymellis  Scillitici 3  fs. — °i. 

Employed  in  inflammations  of  the  chest,  to  al- 
lay cough,  and  promote  expectoration. 

Tonic  Mixture,  (— — ) 

Decocti  CinchonaB 3  iii. 

Vini  generosi 3  iii. 

Syrupi  Caryophylli 3   i. 

Alcoholis  Melissae 3  fs, 

Anodyne  .Mixture ,  (  ) 

Infusi  Tiliae  Buropea? 3  v. 

Syrupi  Adianti  Pedati 3  ii. 

Aquas  Florum  Citri  Aurant 3  iii. 

Spiritus  ^Etheris  Sulphurici  ) .. 

Vini  Opii  Compositi J  a  a^u' XVt 

In  ner-vous  affections,  accompanied  with  convul- 
sions or  violent  pain. 

Cordial  Draught,  (  . ) 

Infusi  Melissae 3  vi. 

Tincturae  Canellae . . . . 3  ii. 

Theriacaef 31. 

Syrupi  Caryophylli 31. 


*  Capillua  Veneris  Canadensis.— Maiden's  Hair.— -Tr. 
t  The  Thertaca  is  illustrative  of  the  sentiments  of  physicians  in 
former  times,  whose  impression  seemed  often  to  be,  that,  by  making 


140  POTIONS  OK 

Camphorated  J\fi.rtvre,  ( 

Camphors? . ) 

Nitratis Potassae \a&  &  }- 

Gumini  Acacise  Arab 31, 

Infusi  Pectoralis 3  v, 

Syrupi  Caryophylli g  i. 

This  mixture  is  thought  to  diminish  the  erections 
so  frequent  and  so  painful  in  acute  inflammation  of 
the  mucous  membrane  of  the  urethra.  This  symptom, 
as  it  may  prolong  the  disease,  merits  particular 
attention. 

Astringent  Mixture,  ( ) 

AqusB  Menthse >  —        .. 

Florum  Citri  Aur.. .  \  a  "  o  1J 

Syrupi  Althaea? >  —      .. 

BaJsami  Copaiba- ]  aa  o  1L 

Gummi  Arabici 

Spiritus  JEtheris  Nitrici.. . 
This  medicine  often  succeeds  in  suppressing1  the 
morbid  discharge  which  not  nnfrequently  remains 
after  inflammation  of  the  urethra. 


a  compound  out  of  ingredients  the  most  numerous  and  dissimilar, 
they  would  obtain  a  medicine  which  would  concentrate. in  itself  the 
virtues  of  a  thousand.  The  TLeriaca,  or,  as  more  recently  named, 
Eleeluaire  Opia.ce  Polypharmaque,  is  a  pieparation  which  has  en-- 
joyed very  great  celubrity,  though  many  may  now  be  disposed  to 
assign  to  it  the  equivocal  distinction  of  a  farrago.  In  its  composition 
it  presents,  as  it  were,  a  convention  of  the  ancient  materia  medica, 
every  tribe  of  the  vegetable  kingdom  having  furnished  a  representa- 
tive of  its  own  peculiar  virtues.  It  would  be  tedious  to  enumerate 
the  ingredients  of  the  Theriaca,  which  amount  to  about  seventy  -In 
his  Ira  natation  Of  the  Codex  Medicamentarius,  M.  Ratier  has  classed 
them  under  thirteen  heads,  according  to  their  medicinal  properties, 
and  he  has  given  the  results  of  an  analysis  of  the  Theriaca,  made  by 
M  Guilbert,  with  a  view  to  discover  the  nature  of 'this  multifarious 
compound  The  process  directed  for  the  complete  formation  of  the 
Theriaca  occupies  (the  reader  may  smile)  an  entire  year ;  and  cor- 
t'ainly,  if  its  virtues  bore  any  proportion  to  the  length  of  time  devoted 
to  its  preparation,  its  efficiency  as  a  medicine  wou!d  be  indisnuta- 
"fcls.— 2Tr. 


POTIONb  OK  DfiAUGHTS.  141 

Mercurial  Solution,  or  Liquor  of  Van  Swieten. 
Deuto-chloridi  Hydrargyri . .  .  gr.  xvi. 

Alcoholis .3  fa. 

*  Aquae  distillatse }fe  i. 

The  dose  is  half  an  ounce,  morning  and  evening, 
in  milk,  solution  of  gum,  or  sirup.  M.  Cullerier  is 
of  opinion,  that  the  objections  brought  against  the 
liquor  of  Van  Swieten  are  unjust,  and  that  the 
accidents  observed  from  it  are  owing  to  its  improper 
administration,  and  from  the  individuals  being  dis- 
posed to  phthisis,  or  affected  with  chronic  intestinal 
inflammation. 

Liquor  Cupri  et  Hydrargyri^  ( — • ) 

Limaturse  Cupri 3  ii. 

Aquae  Ammoniae . .  3  ii 

Digere  per  dies  sex,  cola. 
This  solution  ought  to  be  of  a  deep  blue  colour. 

Proto-chloridi  Hydrargyri .  . 3  ii. 

Acidi  Hydro-chlorici  tenuis 3  ii. 

Acidi  Nitrici gtt.  xv. 

Dissolve  by  the  aid  of  heat,  and  mix  the  solution 
with  the  former,  in  such  a  proportion  that  the 
precipitate  which  forms  shall  be  dissolved.  Three 
ounces  of  the  liquor  cupri  et  hydrargyri,  thus  formed, 
are  mixed  with  twa  pounds  of  distilled  water,  and  a 
small  spoonful  administered  as  a  dose,  morning  and 
evening. 

It  is  used  also  externally,  a  bit  of  charpie  being 
immersed  in  the  liquid,  and  applied  to  the  ulcerated 
surfaces. 

The  results,  however,  obtained  from  this  medicine 
at  the  Hopital  des  Veneriens,  have  not  been  such  as 
to  induce  M.  Cullerier  to  give  it  the  preference  over 
the  liquor  of  Van  Swieten. 

*  Sixteen  ounces  are  here  used  to  the  pound.— TV. 


[±X  POTIOS'3  Ofc  DRAUGHTS,  t 

Wliite  Linctus,  (Lohoch  Album,  St.  Antoine 

Amygdalarum  Dulcium No.  xv. 

Gummi  Trigacantha? gr.  xx- 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3    . )• 

Olei  Amygdali  Cornmunis 3    ii. 

Aquae  Plorum  Criti  Aurant. .  .3    ii. 
Aquae  Font 3   *v 

Gum  Julep,  (  ) 

Pulv.  Althaea  Comp gr.  xx. 

Gummi  Arab gr.  xx. 

Syrupi  Simpl 3    "• 

Aquffi 3    iv- 

To  these  two  juleps,  which  are  demulcent  and 
pectoral,  may  be  ocsasionally  added,  sulphureti  an- 
timonii  prsecipitati  gr.  i.~ iii. 

vel  Syrupi  Papaveris 3  ft.— i. 

Squill  Julep,  ( ) 

Pulv.  Althsese  Comp gr.  xx. 

Gummi  Arabici gr.  xx. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3    ^ 

Oxymellis  Scillitici 3    *• 

Aquffi 3  iv- 

As  an  expectorant  in  catarrh. 

Antiseptic  Draught,  (     -        ) 

Pulveris  Cinchonas 3  * 

Syrupi  Caryophylli 3  ,]• 

Aquoe  Acetatis  Ammoniae 3  ii. 

rj  incturse  Canellse 3  ii- 

Aquae ...3  iv- 

Applicable  to  the  affections  in  which  a  tendency 
la  gangrene  is  manifested. 


POTIOiVS  OK  DRAUGHTS.  143 

Antispasmodic  Draught,  (          ) 

Florum  Tilise  Europ >  —  a  ; 

Fol.  Citri  Aurant £  tt  a  & 

Syrupi  JSimplicis g    i. 

Spiritus  ^Etheris  Sulphuric!. ...  3  fs, 
Aquae , g  iv. 

Astringent  Mixtures,  (M.  BEAUCHENE.) 

Vini  Rubri 3  iv. 

Syrupi g    i. 

Aquae  Acetatis  Ammonias 3  ij. 

Radicis  Bistortse 3  ij. 

Syrupi  Cydoniae g    i. 

Tincture  Catechu 3  ii. 

Aquae -. . . .  3  iv. 

The  astringent  properties  are  much  more  consid- 
erable in  the  latter  of  these  preparations.  It  is  given 
with  good  effect  in  passive  haemorrhage,  diarrhoea, 
leucorrhcea,  &c. 

Emmenagogue  Mixture,  (  ) 

Aquae  Artemisiae  Sant 3  iv. 

—  Florum  Citris  Aurant ....  3   fs. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3    i. 

Olei  Volatilis  Rutae ....  ) . 

Sabin*.  .y$&  V1' 

This  mixture  is  given  with  advantage  to  re-esta- 
blish the  course  of  the  catamenia.  The  substances 
which  compose  it  exert  their  action  on  the  uterus, 
and  determine  that  plethora  necessary  to  the  men- 
strual discharge,  which  is  assisted,  besides,  by  the 
pediluvium  and  hip-bath,  local  bleedings,  frictionF, 
&c. 

<Anti~Emetic  Potion. 

Carbonatis  Potassae 3  fs. 

Syrupi  Acidi  Tartarici 3  i. 

Aquas 3  iij. 

Succi  Citri  Medicae , .  g  fe. 


144  POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS. 

The  carbonate  is  preferred  for  the  effervescing 
draughts,  as,  when  prepared  with  the  sub-carbonate 
of  potass,  very  little  carbonic  acid  gas  is  disengaged, 

Radicis  Polygalse  Senegse 3  ii. 

Syrupi 3  ii. 

Aquae 3  iv. 

In  chronic  catarrhal  affections,  to  promote  ex- 
pectoration. 

Stomachic  Mixture,  ( ) 

Bistortas 3   i. 

Succi  Baccse  Sambuci  Inspissati .  3  iij. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  i. 

Aquse 3  iv. 

Benefit  is  derived  from  this  medicine  during  con- 
valescence after  some  diseases,  and  in  cases  where 
the  stomach  needs  to  be  gently  excited. 

Stomachic  Mixture,  (M.  BEAUCHENE.) 

Fuci  Helminth ocort )  •  • 

Pulveris  Canellse. .......  ]  a  a  3  1J 

Aloes £  L 

Syrupi  Simplicis .  . .  ~ .  3  L 

Aquae 3  iv. 

Tonic  and  purgative. 

Purgative  Draught,  ( ) 

Olei  Ricini git 

Syrupi ,..-3  *• 

Pulveris  Gummi  Arab 3  ii. 

Aquae 3  iv. 

This  is  the  most  convenient  form  for  adminis- 
tering the  castor  oil,  and  the  most  agreeable  to 
the  patients.  By  means  of  the  gum,  a  sort  of  emul- 
sion is  formed,  and  the  oil  is  not  exposed  to  float 
on  the  surface,  as  it  does  when  given  in  a  vehicle 
T»urelv  aqueous. 


OR  DRAUGHTS.  145 

Sudorific  Mixture,  ( ) 

ViniRubri 3  v- 

fittcturce  Canellse 3  ii- 

Syrupi.... g  i- 

Aquas  Acetatis  Ammonias 3  iij- 

Tonic  and  sudorific. 
Anti-Emetic  Potion,  (Maison  de  Sante.— M.  DUBOIS.  } 

Catbonatis  Sodae 31. 

Aquae  distillates 3  "> 

Acidi  Acetici  Fort 3  ii. 

Oxymellis 3  i. 

Tonic  Mixture,  (M.  DUBOIS.) 

Extract!  Cinchonas 3  ii. 

Aquas    3   ii. 

Syrupi  Balsami  Toluif 3  ii. 

Much  employed  by  M.  Dubois  in  cases  where  it 
is  necessary  to  support  the  forces  of  the  system—- 
in fevers,  gangrenous  affections,  &c. 

PecloralJulep,  (— ) 

Gumrni  Acaciae  Arab 3  i. 

Syrupi  AlthaBte 3  fs. 

Aquas  Communis 3  ivr 

Theriacal  Mixture,  (M.  DUBOIS.) 

Theriacse 3  fg. 

Gummi  Arabici 3  i. 

Syrupi g  i. 

Aquae 3  vi. 

Prescribed  by  M.  Dubois  as  a  light  tonic. 

Febrifuge  Mixture,  (M.  DUBOIS.) 

Ar^eniatis  Potassse gr.  1-5. 

Aquaa,  Menthae 3  iii. 

?>vrupi  Simplicis '......,. .g  fs. 

13 


146  POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS, 

The  arseniate  of  potass  has  been  employed  with 
success  in  prolonged  intermittent  fevers,  that  have 
resisted  the  cinchona.  The  preparation  above  may 
be  given  in  small  spoonfuls  during  the  apyrexia. 

Syrupi  Simplicis g  i, 

Tincturae  Opii > r 

Athens  Sulphurici \ a  a  3 

Sulphuret.  Antimon.  pra?cip..gr.  ii. 
Aqua? g   iv. 

Employed  as  anodyne  and  expectorant. 
Emetic  Draught,  (Maternite.) 

Ipecacuanha? 9  i. 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  i. 

Syrupi  Mellis g  fs. 

Aqua? g  iv. 

Administered  in  divided  doses,  according  to  pre- 
scription. 

Saline  Purgative  Draught,  (•, ) 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.   i. 

Tartratis  Potasses  et  Sodas 3  vi. 

Syrupi  Mellis g  i. 

Aquae  Florum  Citri  Aurant 3  ii. 

Aquae  Fontanae g  ii. 

Given  in  divided  doses. 

Fol.  Senna? 3  ii. 

Tartrat.  Potass,  et  Sodae 3  ii. 

Manna* g    i. 

Aquae. g  iv. 

For  one  dose. 

Sennse .,,..«».., 3  ii. 

Pulv.  Rhei gr.  xxx 

Sulphatis  Magnesia? 3  i.  fs. 

Mannse g  ii 

Aquae ,  r  . , ,  e  .<,.,« . ,  .•«., g  viii. 


POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS. 


The  half  is  taken  as  a  dose,  and  the  remainder 
t  the  interval  of  three  hours,  if  necessary. 


Anodyne  Draught,  (- 


Syrupi  Malvae  Sylvestris 3  vi. 

Papaveris 3  vi. 

Aquae  Florum  Citri  Aurant. .  .3  iv. 

Aquse  Lactucae 3     i. 

^Etheris  Sulphurici. gtt.  v. — x. 

Used  in  spasmodic  affections,  nervous  pains,  &c. 
It  may  be  taken  in  two,  three,  or  fotir  portions,  at 
intervals. 

Olei  Amygdali  Communis g  i.  is. 

Syrupi  Simplicis g  i.  fs. 

Gummi  Tragacanthse gr.  xv. 

Aqua3  Florum  Citri  Aurant 3  iv. 

Aquog  Lactucse 3  iv. 

This  preparation  is  of  use  in  irritations  of  the 
mucous  membrane  of  the  bronchi  or  intestines.  In 
the  firit  case,  with  a  view  to  faciliate  expectora- 
tion, ma.y  be  addfed, 

Sulphur.  Antimon.  prascip gr.  i. 

Syrupi  Caryophylli g  i. 

Aquse  Florum  Citri  Aur 3  iv. 

Infusi  Florum  Tilise 3  iv. 

Spiritus  JEtheris  Nitrosi   3  ii. 

Antispasmodic  and  diuretic. 

Syrupi  Corticis  Aurantii g  i. 

Aqu3B  Mcnthse 3  iv. 

Athens  Sulphurici 3  fs. 

Given  by  spoonfuls  in  the  case  of  weakness  and 
languor  of  the  circulation.  Its  stimulant  action  •* 
also  often  useful  in  dyspepsia. 


*  t'OTiOXS  OR  1>KALGH(£. 

Soap  Mixture,  (Maternite. ) 

Infusi  Melissse 3  iv. 

Saponis  Medicinalis —  3  vi. 

Syrupi  Adianti g  i. 

Given  in  three  or  four  doses  in  some  cases  of 
abdominal  tympanites.  It  acts  gently  as  a  stimu- 
lant and  laxative. 

Aquse  Acetatis  Ammonise 3  ii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  i. 

Aquse  Florum  Citri  Aurant. ...  3  iv. 
Infusi  Sambuci  et  Tilise . . ,    . . .  3  iv. 
Employed  to  excite  and  maintain  the  cutaneous 
transpiration. 

A  cetatis  Potassse 3  ii 

Syrupi  Acidi  Acetici 3  i. 

Aquse  Canellae 3  j. 

Infusi  Tilise , . . .  3  iv. 

Given  in  some  organic  affections  of  the  abdoiru- 
rial  viscera.     It  serves  also  as  a  diuretic. 

Aluminous  ^Mixture,  (-.  ) 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  i. 

Sulphatis  Aluminse 3  i.  fs. 

Aqme  Rosa? 3  *v« 

Acid  Mixture,  ( — -) 

Sy  cupi  Simplicis 3  ^  ^s- 

Jnfusi  Rosa?  Gallicae 3  iv. 

Spiritus  ^Etheris  Sulphurici . .  3  i.  fs. 
This    and  the  preceding-  are  administered  by 
spoonfuls  in  the  case  of  uterine  haemorrhagies, 

Demulcent  Mixture ^  (— ) 

Amygdalarum  Dulcium. 3  iv. 

Mannaj! 3  ll° 

Syrupi  Florum  Amygdal.  Persic.  3  i. 

lufusi  .Glycyrrhizse 3  iv. 

_Aqu?ps Florum  Anrantii 3  iv. 


POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS.  149 

A  spoonful  of  this  preparation  is  occasionally 
given  in  affections  where  it  is  necessary  to  keep 
the  bowels  open  without  producing  irritation. 

•intisyphilitic  Solution,  (M.  CHAUSSIER.) 

Cyanureti  Hydrargyri gr.  viii. 

Aquse  distillatae Jfe  i. 

This  medicine  is  employed  in  the  same  doses, 
and  in  the  same  cases,  as  the  liquor  of  Van  S\vie~ 
ten. 

Syrupi  Simplicis g  i.  fs. 

Acidi  Boracici 3  i. 

Infusi  Tilise g  iv. 

M.  Chaussier  often  limits  himself  to  this  prescrip- 
Hon  in  cerebral  affections. 

Gum  Potion,  (Hopital  des  Enfans.) 

Gummi  Acacise  Arab gr.  xviii; 

Infusi  Althaeas  Comp 3  iv. 

AquaB  Flornm  Aurant 3  ii. 

Syrupi  Althgjse g  iii. 

I 

Linclus  Albus,  (        .     ) 

Olei  Amygdali  C g  fs. 

Gummi  Acacise  Arab ,3  iL 

Syrupi  Simplicis g  i, 

Aquse 3  iv, 

•Antispasmodic  Mixture,  (  ••  •     ) 

Infusi  Tilice )_     .. 

Althsese  Comp {  ••  3  «• 

Aquae  Florum  Aurantii 3  ii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis g  i. 

^Gtheris  Sulphnrici 3  fs. 


IflU  POTIONS  OK 

Anlispasmodic  Mixture,  (M.  JADKLOT  i 

Aquae  Valerianse )  —      .. 

PcBonke  Officin \*  a  &  n 

Syrupi  Lavandulte g  i. 

Tincturse  Castorei gtt.  xx, 

Tonic  Mixture,  ( ) 

Syrupi  Cinchonse g  i. 

Tinctures  JVlelissae 3  ii. 

Potionis  Gummosse 3  iv. 

Purgative  Mixture,  ( ) 

Sennoe 3  iii. 

Sulphatis  Sodas 3  ii. 

Manna? 3  i. 

Aqua? *  . g  iv. 

Jnfusi  Polygalse g  i\ . 

Syrupi  Ipecacuanhse .3  i. 

Oxymellis  Scillitici 3  iii. 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  i.  &. 

This  potion  makes  a  part  of  the  treatment  em- 
ployed against  croup,  and  has  for  its  object  to  faci- 
litate the  expulsion  of  the  false  membranes,  which 
form  in  the  larynx  and  trachea. 

Syrupi  Cinchonee g  i. 

Tincturse  Melissas 3  ii. 

Extracti  Cinchon.  Mollis 31. 

Potionis  Gummosee g  iv. 

This  tonic  mixtuie  is  now,  with  nearly  all  other 
stimulants,  very  seldom  employed  in  the  Hdpital 
des  Enfans.  It  is  given,  however,  in  some  diseases 
with  general  weakness,  and  is  considered  useful  in 
repairing  the  digestive  powers,  when  there  exists 
no  gastrointestinal  inflammation. 


POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS.  151 

Compound  Linctus,  (— ) 

Emulsionis  Amygdali  communis.g  iv. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  i. 

Gummi  Tragacanthce gr.  vi. 

To  this  are  occasionally  added, 

Sulphur.  Antimon.  preecipit. . .  .gr.  ii. 
vel  Syrupi  Papaveris  3  &• 

Emetic  Solution,  termed  Eau  Benite,  (H6tel- 
Dieu. — La  Charite.) 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr-  vi. 

Aquae 3  viii. 

Employed  in  the  treatment  of  colica  pictonura. 

Eau  Minerale,  ( ) 

Sulphatis  Sodse 3  iii. 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  iii. 

Aquse  ferventis 3  x. 

This  combination  is  useful,  when,  with  vomiting, 
we  wish  also  to  excite  alvine  evacuations.  It  is 
given  in  three  or  four  doses  every  quarter  of  an 
hour.  M.  Fouquier  commences  often,  in  this  way, 
the  treatment  of  colica  pictonum,  when  any  nausea 
exists. 

Mtrous  Potion,  (Charite*.) 
Decocti  Tritici  Repentis..   ..3   iv. 

Syrupi    Althseae .3    i. 

Nitratis  Potass® gr.  xviii. 

Used  for  the  purpose  of  exciting  the  urinary  se- 
cretions. The  dose  of  the  nitrate  of  potass  is  car- 
ried much  farther  by  M.  Fouquier,  who  gives  it 
sometimes  to  the  extent  of  three  or  four  drachma 
a-day. 

Diuretic  Mixture,  (  ) 

Decocti  Enulse  Campanse 3  iv. 

Tincturae  Digitalis g  fs. 

Alcohplis  Potass® gtt.  xviii. 

Syrupi  Althgese. 3  i. 

p:, 


POTIONS  OK  DRAUGHTS. 

Diuretic,  and  gently  stimulant  Employed  in 
passive  dropsies,  particularly  when  they  are  ac- 
companied by  organic  lesions  of  the  heart. 

Diuretic  Potion,  (M.  LERJVIINIER.  ) 

Aquse  distillat.  Valerians     ...  3   iv. 

Menthss .....  3  i. 

^Etheris  Nitrici 3  i. 

Tincturae  Opii 3  fs. 

Mellis  Scillse 3  iv. 

Syrupi  Alttneae 3    i. 

By  this  preparation,  M.  Lerminier  has  often  suc- 
ceeded in  dissipating  quickly  the  infiltration  of  the 
cellular  tissue  which  accompanies  diseases  of  the 
heart,  and  which  constitutes  a  symptom  of  suffi- 
cient importance  to  claim  a  special  treatment. 

Compound  Potion  of  Manna,  ( ) 

Manna? g    ii. 

Pulv.  Rhei 3   is. 

Aqua? 3   iv. 

Purgative  Mixture,  (M.  LERMINIER.) 

Olei  Ricini >     —  „  •• 

Syrupi Rhamni JM  5"5  l 

Aquse  Menthse  Piperit 3  i. 

Prescribed  by  M.  Lerminier  in  symptomatic 
anasarca.  A  similar  preparation  was  recommend- 
ed by  Sydenham. 

Gum  Potion,  (  >) 

Gummi  Acaciae  Arab 3  i. 

Aquse .-3  iii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  *• 

Aquse  Florum  Aurantii 3  ii. 

This  simple  mixture  is  frequently  employed  in 
inflammatory  affections  of  the  chest,  and  serves  as 
a  vehicle  for  a  number  of  medicines  more  or  lesj? 
powerful 


POTIONS  OB  DRAUGHT*.  153 

Fotionis  Gummosae 3  lv- 

Oxymellis  Scillae .3   fs. 

vel  Sulphur.  Antimon.  prsecipit..  .gr.  i. — iii. 

From  the  gently  stimulant  action  which  these 
additional  substances  have  on  the  mucous  mem- 
brane of  the  bronchi,  this  mixture  is  in  common 
use  towards  the  end  of  catarihal  affections,  when 
expectoration  is  with  difficulty  effected. 

Potionis  Gummosse 3   iy- 

Athens  Sulphurici gtt.  xviii. 

In  different  spasmodic  affections. 

Bitter  Pectoral  Draught,  (Charite.) 

Infuei  Cinchonse 3  iy' 

Syrupi  Gummi  Arab 3  i. 

Aquae  Florum  Aurantii 3  ii. 

Frequently  given  in  chronic  catarrhal  affections, 
and  in  pulmonary  phthisis,  to  support  the  strength. 

Compound  Mixture  of  Cinchona,  ( ) 

Tnfusi  Cinchonas  3  iv. 

A  quae  Menthte ) c 

— — Canellae \««$  fs' 

Syrupi  Cinchonse 3  i. 

Employed  in  the  treatment  of  adynamic  fever, 
with  the  addition,  if  required,  of  the  extract  of 
cinchona,  acetate  of  ammonia,  &c.  In  the  same 
circumstances,  M .  Fouquier  prescribes  the  two  fol* 
] owing  preparations : 

Aquae  Gummi  Arab 3  iii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis. 3  i. 

Aquae  Florum  Aurantii ........  3  ii. 

Extracti  Cinchonse  Mollis 3  ii. 

Acetatis  Ammonias 3  i. 

MelJis  Seillre , . .  3  i, 


154  POTIONS  OR  DRAUGHTS, 

Aquae  Canellae ) .  - 

Aquae  ^Etheris  Camphoratse  \  a  a&  l 

Tincture  Cinchonas 3   'ii, 

-^Etheris  Sulphuric! , .  3  fs. 

Acetatis  Ammoniae 3  fs, 

(Syrupi  Caryophylli   g  i. 

Diuretic  Mixture,  (M..  FOUQUIER.} 

Infusi  Theae g  iv. 

Tincturae  Digitalis 3  i, 

Mellis  Scillse g  i. 

M.  Fouquier  has  had  successful  recourse  to  this 
medicine  in  anasarca  depending  on  organic  affec- 
tion of  the  heart.  By  the  detraction  of  blood, 
however,  he  previously  reduces  the  vascular  sys- 
tem. 

Astringent  Mixture,  ( ) 

Aqu«  Rosae   g  i. 

Extracti  Rhatania? *.  3  i. 

Syrupi  Papaveris .* g  i. 

Employed  with  advantage  in  passive  haBmor* 
rhagy,  and  in  chronic  dysentery,  when  the  inflam- 
mation having  ceased,  the  flux  continues  by  the 
inducement  of  habit.  In  the  same  disease,  M. 
Fouquier  also  makes  use  of  the  following  draught : 

Aquae  Florum  Aurantii g  iij. 

Tincture  Canellae   3  fs. 

Extracti  Cinchonas  Mollis 3  fs. 

Syrupi  Cydonise g  fs. 

Anti-Emelic  Potion,  ( Charite.) 

Infusi  Tilise g  iv. 

Sub-carbonatis  Potassse gr.  xxiv. 

Syrupi  Simplicis g  i. 

A  spoonful  of  this  mixture  is  given  occasionally, 
with  a  few  drops  of  lemon  juice,  to  procure  a  dis- 


POTIONS  OK  DRAUGHTS.  153 

of  carbonic  acid.  M.  Fouquier  con- 
ceives it  more  advantageous  to  give,  after  each 
spoonful  of  the  mixture,  half  a  glassful  of  very 
acid  lemonade,  in  order  that  the  decomposition 
may  take  place  in  the  stomach, 

Compound  Mixture  of  Copaiba,  ( ) 

Balsami  Copaibse 

AquaB  JVIenthsB 

Alcoholis  Rect. , 

Syrupi  Simplicis 

Aquae  Florum  Aurant 

Spiritus  JEtheris  Nitroso.  .gtt.  xviii. 
The  balsam  of  Copaiba  is  the  principal  and  most 
active  ingredient  in  this  composition,  and  is  de- 
signed to  suppress  the  chronic  discharge  conse- 
quent to  acute  inflammation  of  the  mucous  mem- 
brane of  the  urethra. 

Compound  Infusion  of  Polygala,  (M.  CAYOL.) 

Radicis  Polygala?  Seneg® 3  ii. 

Aqua?  bullientis 3  vi. 

Syrupi  Toluif.  Balsam 31. 

Gummi  Ammoniaci .... 3  fs — i. 

A  spoonfnl  is  given  every  two  hours,  in  certain 
atonic  pulmonary  catarrhs,  with  an  abundant  pitui- 
tous  expectoration  and  cough. 

Astringent  Mixture,  (M.  CAYOL.) 

Extract!  Rhatani® 3  fs — i. 

Aquse   Rosas 3  iv. 

Syrupi   Cinchonas 3  i. 

Dose,  a  spoonful  every  second  or  third  hour,  in 
diarrhoea,  leucorrhcBa,  and  passive  haemorrhagy. 


156  POTIONS  OR  BR AUGHT*. 

Common  Emetic  Mixture ,  (M.  CAYOL.) 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  ii. 

Aquae  Anthemidis  Nob 3  V1- 

Syrupi  Ipecacuanha? 3   *• 

Aquae  Florum  Aurantii 3  iii. 

To  be  taken  tepid  in  two  doses,  with  an  interval 
of  half  an  hour. 

Purgative  Draughty  (M.  CAYOL.) 

Electuarii  Rhei  Comp 3  vi. 

Mannae 3    ii. 

Decocti  Chicorii q.  s. 

This  draught,  taken  as  one  dose,  purges  effectu- 
ally, and  without  griping.  It  is  particularly  suit- 
able for  individuals  advanced  in  life,  or  of  a  cachec- 
tic habit,  and  who  support  ill  the  saline  and  drastic 
purgatives. 

Extracti  Cinchona?  Mollis 3  i. 

Opii gr.  i.— ii. 

Potionis  Gummosae 3  lv' 

M.  Cayol  employs  this  with  benefit  in  remittent 
fever,  and  in  phthisis  pulmonalis. 

Potionis  Gummosae 3  *v- 

Extracti  Cinchona?  Mollis 3  i. 

Sulphatis  Quinise gr.  iv. 

This  formula  is  preferred  by  M.  Chomel  to  those 

which  contain  larger  quantities  of  the  bark  in  extract 

or  substance. 

Purgative  Draught,  (Bicetre.— M.  RULLIER.) 
Oiei  Hicini 3  i. 

Syrupi  Florum  Amygd.  Pers. ... 3  i. 
Syrupi  Rhamni t . . .  3  i. 


POWDEBS.  157 


POWDERS. 

Substances  in  the  form  of  powder  are  generally 
given  suspended  in  some  liquid  vehicle  of  a  suitable 
consistence. 

•Antispasmodic  Powder.   (H6tel-Dieu. — M.   RECA- 

MIER.) 

Pulveris  Cinchonas 3  ii. 

Valerianae 3  i. 

This  is  divided  into  several  portions,  and  taken  in 
the  course  of  twenty-four  hours 

Powder  of  Ipecacttan  and  Rhubarb.  (.  ) 

Pulveris  Ipecacuanha? gr.  xxiv. 

-  Rhei gr.  xii. 

Useful  as  a  light  stimulus  to  the  stomach  and  in- 
testinal canal-     It  may  be  given  in  one  dose  as  an 
emetic  and  cathartic. 

Pulveris  Ipecacuanha? gr.  xxiv. 

Scillse .  gr,   xii. 

Prescribed  by  M.  Recamier  as  au  expectorant. 

Pulveris  Gentianae 3   is. 

Bistortae .3    ii. 

Peeonise  Officinal 3    ii. 

This  powder  was  used  as  a  substitute  for  Peru- 
vian bark,  when  the  latter  could  not  easily  be  procu- 
red, and  is  still  employed  in  cases  of  fever  that  resist 
the  cinchona. 

Aromatic  Powder,  (M.  DUPUYTKEN.) 
Pulveris  Thy  mi 3  iv. 

&alvi8B ..,.,.,,.. 3  iv. 

Rorismarim „ . . .  3    iv. 

Hydro-chloratis  Ammonise..  .gr*  xx. 
Camphorae gr.  xx, 

14 


!5  POWDERS. 

Conceived  by  M.  Dupuytren  to  fulfil  the  purpose 
of  cinchona  as  an  external  application.  It  has  been 
applied  with  success  to  parts  attacked  with  gan- 
grene. 

Jlnthelmintic  Powder ,  (M.  DUPUYTREN.) 

Fulveris   Jalapae gr.  xxx. 

»  Rhei gr.  vi. 

Proto-chloridi  Hydrargyri gr.  ii. 

This  powder,  which  has  been  employed  to  procure 
the  expulsion  of  intestinal  worms,  may  be  exhibited 
as  a  purgative  in  any  ordinary  case. 

Stomachic  Powder  >  (H6tel-Dieu.) 

Pulveris  Cinchona? 3  i. 

Rhei 3  i. 

Taken  occasionally,  in  the  quantity  of  twelve 
grains,  this  mixture  is  found  useful  in  cases  of  con- 
stipation, and  imperfect  digestion. 

Sulphur.  Antimon.  praecip 9  i. 

Proto-chloridi   Hydrargyri 9  i. 

Sacchari 3  fs. 

Given,  at  the  hospital  of  St.  Antoine,  in  the  dose 
of  five  or  six  grains,  morning  and  evening,  in  vene- 
real and  scrofulous  affections. 

Absorbent  Powder  >  (Maternite  ) 

Magnesia  purs gr.  viii. 

Pulveris  Canellae gr.  i. 

Given  twice  a-day  to  children  under  diarrhoea,  with 
formation  of  acid  in  the  primae  vise. 

Purgative  Powder  >  ( ) 

Pulveris  Jalapae gr.   Ii. 

Rhei gr.    i. 

Canellse gr.    i 

The  dose  of  this  powder  is  regulated  according 


POWDERS.  159 

to  the  age  of  the  child,  and  its  action  in  geneaal  as- 
sisted by  a  few  spoonfuls  of  the  decoction  of  prunes, 

JLntipsoric  Powder,  (M.  CHAUSSIER.) 

Sulphuris  Sublimati  >  —  , 

AcetatisPlumbi...  £««Partes 

Sulphatis  Zinci partera  unam. 

Employed  in  frictions,  either  alone  or  rubbed  up 
with  a  little  oil,  and  considered  by  M.  Chaussier  as 
a  mean  of  avoiding  the  odour,  and  otherobjectioas 
common  to  the  usual  modes  of  treatment. 

Oxidi  Bismuthi  albi gr.  iv. 

Magnesia   >  — 

Sacchari \aa  Sr-  xl* 

Divide  in  chartulas  quatuor  ssquales, 
M.  Recamier  recommends  this  powder,  which 
has  succeeded  with  him  in  a  number  of  cases,  in 
violent  and  obstinate  pains  of  the  stomach,  not  de- 
pending on  inflammation. 

Powder  ofRousselot. 

Sulphureti  Hydrargyri  rubri g  i. 

Resinse  Pterocarpi  Draconis. . .  .g  iv. 

Oxidi  Arsenici  albi 3  fs. 

Applied  under  the  form  of  a  paste,  made  by  tri- 
turating the  powder  with  a  sufficient  quantity  of 
water  or  cerate. 

Anti-Morotic  Powder,  (Maison  de  Sante — 
M.  DUBOIS.) 

Pulveris  Cinchonas 3  i. 

Canellse 3  fs. 

Limaturce  Ferri £  i, 

Professor  Dubois  employs  this  powder,  divided 
into  twelve  doses,  with  the  view  of  assisting  the 
menses  in  young  and  debilitated  females,  adopting > 


160  TISAJTES, 

at  the  same  time,  all  the  other  measures  which 
may  concur  to  determine  the  blood  towards  the 
uterine  organs. 

Arsenical  Powder.  (M.  DUBOIS.) 

Oxidi  Arsenici  albi 3  fs. 

Sulphureti  Hydrarg.  rubii 3  i. 

Resirice  Pterocarpi  Draccnis.  . . .  3  fs. 

This  powder  is  much  "employed  by  M.  Dubois 
as  a  caustic  to  cancerous  ulcers.  With  a  little 
water,  the  powder  is  formed  into  a  paste,  with  v*  hich 
the  ulcer  is  covered,  ard  over  which  is  usually  ap- 
plied a  small  piece  of  spider's  web.  At  the  end  of 
a  few  days,  the  eschar  detaches  itself,  and  leaves 
uncovered  a  surface  of  a  lively  red,  and  in  a  condi- 
tion more  favourable  to  cicatrization. 


TISANES. 

These  constitute  the  ordinary  drinks  of  the  pa- 
tient, and  are  prepared  by  the  infusion  or  decoction 
of  leaves,  flowers,  barks,  roots,  &c.,  and  occasionally 
with  salts  or  animal  substances.  They  are  ad- 
ministered by  small  cupfuls,  and  warm  or  cold,  ac- 
cording to  the  circumstances  of  the  patient.  They 
contain,  in  general,  very  little  of  any  medicinal 
substance,  but  though  they  serve  chiefly  to  relieve 
the  thirst,  t?;ey  can  often  be  adapted  with  ad- 
vantage  to  f  he  'general  intention  of  the  treatment, 
and  may  be  considered,  therefore,  as  accessaries  to 
the  object  which  ip  principally  in  view. 

Tisanes  may  be  rendered  more  active  by  the  ad- 
dition of  sirups,  salts,  wines,  alcoholic  tinctures, 
&c.  Each  of  these  modifications  will  be  indicated 
in  its  place. 


TISANES.  161 

Decoclum  Tritici  Repentis* 
(Tisane  Commune.] 

Tritici  Repentis g  i. 

Glycyrrhizse  Glabrae 3  i. 

Aquae  Fontanae ft  ii. 

In  common  use  as  a  mild  diluent.  It  is  slightly 
diuretic,  a  property  which  may  be  increased  by  the 
addition  of  a  few  grains  of  the  nitrate  of  potass.  It 
is  employed  in  inflammatory  and  bilious  fevers,  and 
in  all  cases  where  we  wish  to  introduce  a  mild  fluid 
into  the  system. 

Tartaric  Acid  Lemonade,  (La  Charite.) 

Syrupi  Acidi  Tartarici 3  ii. 

Aquae $3  ii. 

Citric  Lemonade^  ( ) 

Fructus  Citri  Medicae 3  iij. 

Aquae jfe  ii. 

.  Syrupi  Simplicis , . . .  3  ii. 

These  tisanes  are  especially  applicable  to  fevers 
and  inflammations,  in  which  there  exist  much  heat 
and  thirst.  They  are  refrigerant  and  slightly  diu- 
retic. In  inflammation  of  the  stomach,  or  respi- 
ratory passages,  their  use  would  be  improper,  since 
they  might  contribute  to  increase  the  cough,  and 
the  pain  of  the  epigastrium. 

Hydrogala,  ( H6tel-Dieu,  and  La  Charite.) 

Aquae  Hordei jfc  i. 

Lactis  Vaccine 3  iv. 

This  demulcent  and  slightly  nutritive  drink  is 
suited  to  acute  or  chronic  inflammatory  affections 
of  the  chest,  and  to  allay  the  irritation  of  the  sto- 
mach and  intestines,  produced  by  corrosive  sub* 
Stances. 

14* 


162  TTSAYtS. 

Decoction  nf  liar  ley,  (         .    .). 

IJordfti  Distiehi 3  i. 

Aqnn; ft-,  iij. 

Th"  baric/  is    lir.t    IK.,  .  ••  minutes  in  a 

pound  of  WHiCr  to  *'.  ee  it  li  un  any  linpui  1*  ies. 
Thia  WatC,  boi  I,  U  i.-  '  i»en  bulled  ,n  1  inee 

pounda  of.\vaf<  , .im<|  t«>  a  thir.i      Toilu; 

decoction  b«   radii  frlyryrrhiz*  is 

added* 

Tin  i.MMMnul.  ont,and  afibrd« 

a   litt!'  i    \-M-y    of'trii  in 

fevers  M.M  ,    and   mrty    be 

c  i'llrnrated  according  to  the  indication,  with  ho- 
ney, oxymel,  or  eirup  of  tartaric  acid.  The  ni- 
(ratr  of  potass,  and  tartratc  of  antimony,  are  also 
Ireqiiont  additions. 

Infusion  of  I  Aniseed^  (  ) 

SfMifmum  Lini ;^  ii. 

GIycyrrhr/.;r ;;   i. 

Aquir  bnllicnlis ff,  ii. 

The  infusion  of  lintstUMl  is  rxtrcinrly  donmlo'iif, 
and  in-iy  I>P  «jivrn  in  :  h<»  cases  nlrrady  mentioned. 
It  is,  howover,  mor<'  ivperially  onij>loyed  in  in- 
flammationH  of  the  hlu  Ider  .md  nrrtlini.  By  M. 
Fonqnier,  it  is  used  as  the  vehicle  for  administer- 
ing the  tinrt.iire.  of  cant  iinndes  in  paraljtiffbf  the 

•phmoter  veaica.    He  commences  with  five  drops 

in  a  pint  of  tiie.  infusion,  a  id  carries  the  dose  to 
the  extent  of  60  or  HO  drops  in  the  dn\ . 

Solution  of  Oum,  (    .         •) 

(Jiimmi  AcMon?  Anm 3  fs. 

A(jua» ft  ii. 

The  Bohition  of  gnm,  n.s  a  drink,  is  one  of  the 
most  frequent  in  use.  It  is  «^iveu  in  inflaininations, 
wJicthcr  of  the  mucoui  or  scroua  membranes,  or  of 


TISANES,  163 

the  parenchyma,  and,  according  as  circumstances 
may  require,  can  be  edulcorated  with  simple  or 
tartaric  sirup,  or  acidulated  with  vinegar  or  lemon 
juice. 

Almond  Emulsion^  (  ) 

Nucleorum  Amygdal.  Com.  Dec. 3  fs. 

«Aqme fti. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  i. 

Infusion  of  Violets,  (— — ) 

Florum  Viol  SB  Tricolor 3  ii. 

Aqua>  bullieutis :   ft  ii. 

Recommended  in  inflammatory  atfections  of  the 
thoracic  viscera. 

Decoction  of  Lichen,  ( ) 

Fol.  Lichenis  Islandici   3  fs. 

The  lichen  is  washed  for  five  minutes  in  boiling 
water,  and  is  then  boiled  in  three  pounds  of  water 
till  the  decoction  is  a  third  reduced.  This  drink, 
which  contains  a  certain  quantity  of  vegetable  jelly, 
and  bitter  principle,  is  recommended  in  different 
chronic  diseases,  and  especially  in  phthisis  pul- 
monalis,  not  that  any  curative  virtue  is  attached  to 
it,  but  as  a  mean  of  supporting  the  strength  of  the 
patient.  With  this  view,  a  portion  of  "milk,  or  sirup 
of  cinchona,  is  frequently  added. 

Simple  Rydromel,  ( ) 

Syrupi  Mellis 3  ii. 

Aquae Rs  ii. 

Demulcent,  and  slightly  laxative, — given  in  fevers 
and  inflammations. 

Decoction  of  Inula,  or  Compound  Hydromel^  (— — ) 

Radicis  Enuhe  Campanae 3  i. 

Hyssopi  Officinalis 3  ii. 

Fol.  Hederce  Terrestris 3  ii. 

Syrupi  Mellis . . , . , , .  g  ii. 


164  TISANES. 

This  drink,  which  is  slightly  stimulant,  is  cm- 
ployed  with  success  in  cases  where  the  bronchi  are 
filled  with  mucosities  which  are  with  difficulty  dis- 
lodged, as  in  chronic  catarrh,  asthma,  aneurism  of 
the  heart,  &c.  When  any  consecutive  dropsy 
exists,  there  may  be  added. 

Nitratis  Potassse 3  fs. — i. 


Infusion  of  A  mica ,  ( - 


Florum  Arnicas  Montanse 3  i. 

Aquse  bullientis jfe  ii. 

The  flowers  of  arnica  exert  a  stimulant  action  on 
the  brain  and  nervous  system.  This  infusion,  there- 
fore, is  recommended  in  those  cases  of  apoplexy 
and  paralysis,  which  appear  free  from  any  state  of 
inflammation. 


Decoction  of  Cinchona,  (- 


Cinchonas 3  ii. 

*  Aquse }fe  iii. 

Decoque  ad  libras  duas,  et  cola. 
Infusion  of  Cinchona,  (Charite.) 

Cinchona? 3  ii. 

Aquse .' }fe  ii. 

Macera  per  horas  viginti  quatuor,  et  cola. 
The  decoction  and  the  infusion  of  cinchona  are  ad- 
ministered in  the  same  cases,  the  only  difference  be- 
ing, that  the  properties  of  the  infusion  are  less  en-  - 
ergetic.     They  are  exhibited  in  adynamic  and  atax- 
ic  fevers,  as  a  part  of  the  stimulant  and  tonic  treat- 
ment.    MM.   Fouquier  and  Lerminier,    however, 
are  extremely  cautious  in  employing  these  as  well 
as  other  tonic  medicines. 


*  These  are  the  same  as  the  proportions  directed  by  the  Edinburgh 
Pharmacopeia. — Tr. 


TISANES.  16 

Decoction  of  Guaiac,  ( ) 

Ligni  Guaiaci  Officinalis  rasi. . . .  3  i- 

AquaR   fe  iii. 

GlycytrfiizsB  Glabrse 3  i. 

Decoque  ad  libras  duas,  et  cola. 
The  decoction  of  gnaiac  is  diaphoretic,  and  is 
recommended  in  chronic  rheumatism.  It  may  be 
associated  with  baths,  fumigations,  Dover's  powder, 
and  with  stimulating  applications.  It  also  consti- 
tutes sometimes  a  part  of  the  anti- venereal  treat- 
ment. 

Compound  Decoction  of  Sarsaparilla. 

Radicis  Sarsaparillae 5  *• 

Aquae fe  iii. 

Sulphureti .  Antimonii 3  ii. 

Ichthyocollae  Concisse 3  i. 

The  sulphuret  is  wrapt  in  a  piece  of  linen,  and 
suspended  in  the  liquid,  which  is  boiled  till  reduced 
one  third.  This  decoction,  analogous  in  its  com- 
position to  the  tisane  of  Feltz  used  at  the  Venereal 
Hospital,  is  employed  in  the  same  cases,  and  with 
similar  success. 

Infusion  of  Juniper,  (•— ) 

Baccse  Juniperi  Com.  Contuses  .  3  ii. 

Aquse  bullientis ft  ii. 

Aromatic,  and  weakly  diuretic,  It  is  frequently 
given  by  M.  Fouquier  in  dropsies,  associated  com- 
monly with  a  little  white  wine,  and  the  nitrate  or 
acetate  of  potass. 

Decoction  of  Asparagus,  ( ) 

Radicis  Asparagi 3  i. 

Aquse fe  ii. 

This  decoction  has  considerable  diuretic  powers. 
As  it  is  seldom,  however,  sufficient  of  itself,  the 


166  TISAIfES. 

same  additions  are  made  to  it  as  to  the  preceding 
infusion. 

Decoction  of  Rice,  ( Hotel-  Dieu  and  Charite.) 

Oryzse  Sativae 3  fs. 

Aquae ft  iii. 

Decoque  ad  libras  duas,  et  cola. 
The  decoction  of  rice  is  frequently  used  in  diar- 
rhoea and  dysentery.  It  may  be  combined  with 
the  decoction  of  catechu,  edulcorated  with  the 
sirup  of  quince  seeds,  or  acidulated  with  the  spi- 
ritus  aetheris  sulphurici. 

Compound  Decoction  of  Hartshorn. 

Cornu  Cervi  rasi 3  fs. 

/  Micae  Panis g  i. 

Aquae .' ft  iii. 

Decoque  ad  libras  duas,  et  jadde, 

Syrupi  Cydoniae 3  ii. 

This  preparation,  varied  a  little  in  its  composi- 
tion, is  employed  in  almost  all  the  hospitals.  It  is 
demulcent,  and  nutritive,  and  is  given  in  chronic 
diarrhoea. 

Decoction  of  Catechu,  ( ) 

Catechu 311. 

Aquae Jfe  ii. 

Decoque  per  horse  quartam  partem. 
In  chronic  and  obstinate  diarrhoea,  where  there 
is  reason  to  believe  that  the  evacuations   are   not 
dependent  on  inflammation,  but  on  an  atonic  state 
,©f  the  mucous  membrane  of  the  intestines. 

Sulphuric  Lemonade. 

Aquse. feii. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  ii. 

Acidi  Sulphurici  Dilut 3  iy. 


TISANES.  167 

In  the  same  way  lemonades  may  be  prepared 
from  the  nitric,  muriatic,  and  phosphoric  acids. 

The  sulphuric  acid  lemonade  is  employed  as  a 
powerful  tonic  and  astringent  in  fevers  and  passive 
haemorrhagy.  It  is  immediately  interdicted,  should 
there  appear  any  symptoms  of  gastro -intestinal 
irritation.  Those  prepared  with  the  nitric,  muria- 
tic, and  phosphoric  acids,  are  very  little  used.  The 
last  has  been  extolled  in  cancer  of  the  uterus,  but 
the  trials  made  of  it  have  not  been  satisfactory. 

Decoction  of  Prunes*  (— — ) 

Fructus  Pruni  Domesticae ....  3  iii. 
Aquae ft   iii. 

Decoque  ad  libras  duas. 

Used  as  a  mild  laxative.  With  the  addition  of 
an  ounce  of  manna,  M.  Fouquier  employs  it  often  in 
colica  pictonum. 

Decoction  of  Tamarinds,  ( ) 

Pulpae  Tamarindi  Indicse . .' g  ii. 

Aquae ft  iii. 

Decoque  per  horae  quartam  partera,  et  cola, 

Infusion  of  Senna,  ( ) 

Foliorum  Sennae 3  ii. 

Aquae  bullientis . ft  ii, 

Infusion  of  Mallow,  ( ) 

Florum  Malvae  Sylvestris ......  3  ii. 

Aquae  bullientis ft  ii. 

Infusion  of  Marshmallow,  (— ) 

Radicis  Althaeas  Officinalis 3  L 

Aquae  bullientis ft  ii. 

These  two  tisanes  are  useful  in  acute  affections 
of  the  thorax  anc  abdomen,  and  in  the  phlegmasic 
in  general.  They  may  be  edulcorated  with  honey 
or  with  sirup. 


168  TISANES, 

Herbse  Hyssopi  Officin 31!. 

Aquae  bullientis jfe  ii. 

Florum  Hederae  Terre/stria 3  ii. 

Aquae  bullientis Jfe  ii. 

These  two  infusions  are  slightly  aromatic,  and 
are  often  prescribed  together  in  catarrhal  affections, 
to  faciliate  expectoration. 

Infusion  of  Elder  Flowers,  ( ) 

Florum  Sambuci  Nigrae 3  ii. 

Aquae  bullientis ffe  ii. 

Infusion  of  Borage,  ( ) 

Florum  Borag.  Officinal 3  ii. 

Aquae Jfe  ii. 

These  two  infusions  are  diaphoretic,  and  are  em- 
ployed in  rheumatism  and  the  exanthemata.  They 
are  warm,  and  sometimes  edulcorated  with  honey  or 
sirup  of  tartaric  acid.  The  infusion  of  borage  is 
also  slightly  diuretic,  and  is  used  in  this  view  as  a 
vehicle  for  more  active  medicines. 

Decoction  of  Fern,  (La  C  harit  e . ) 

Radicis  Aspidii  Filicis  Maris g,i. 

Aqua? fe  ii. 

Employed  in  the  treatment  of  vermes,  in  conjunc 
tion  with  other  remedies. 

Decoction  of  Centaury,  ( ) 

Florum  Chironiae  Centaurii 3  ii. 

Aquae fe  ii. 

Radicis  Rumicis  Patientiae. .. .  3    i. 
Aquas ft  ii. 

These  two  tisanes,  containing  a  bitter  principle, 
are  prescribed  with  a  view  to  give  tone  to  the  diges- 
tive organs.  The  latter  is  likewise  used  in  the  treat- 
ment of  cutaneous  diseases. 


TISANES.  169 

Infusion  of  Chamomile,  (  ) 

Florum  Anthem.  Nob 3  ii. 

Aquae  bullientis fe  ii. 

Infusion  of  Absinthium,  ( ) 

Cacuminum  Artemisiae  Absinthii. . . .  3  ii. 
Aquae  bullientis fe  ii. 

Infusion  of  Saffron,  ( ) 

Croci  Orientalis 3  ii- 

Aquas  bullientis Ife  ii. 

The  bitter  and  aromatic  principles  which  these 
infusions  more  or  less  contain,  render  them  of  use 
in  debility  of  the  digestive  organs.  From  the  spe- 
cial action  which  they  are  supposed  to  exert  on  the 
genital  system,  they  are  employed  in  dysmenorr- 
hoea,  when  not  depending  on  erethism^,  occasion- 
ed by  plethora. 

Infusion  of  Burdock,  (— — ) 

Radicis  Bardanae  Major g  i. 

Aquae  bullientis fe  ii. 

This  plant  is  given  alone,  or  with  garden  patience, 
in  several  exanthematous  affections,  not  febrile,  as 
psora,  herpes,  &c. 

Infusion  of  Tilia,  (— ) 

Florum  Tiliae  Europe®. 3  ii. 

Aquae }fe  ii. 

This  tisane  is  in  common  use  as  a  weak  antispas- 
modic  in  nervous  affections,  with  the  addition,  some- 
times, of  the  sirup  of  gum  or  of  poppies. 

Infusion  of  Red  Poppy,  (      .      ) 

Florum  Papaveris  Erratici 3  ii. 

Aquae  bullientis 85  ii. 

Often  combined  with  the  preceding  as  a  feeble 
mrcotic. 

15 


TISANES. 

Infusion  of  Orange  Leaves,  (  ••••«••  ^) 

Fol.  Citri  Aurantii 3    ii. 

Aquas  bullientis ft  ii. 

Frequently  employed  alone,  or  combined  wit  It 
either  of  the  two  preceding.  To  allay  the  vomiting  - 
in  organic  affections  of  the  stomach,  M.  Fouquier 
sometimes  directs  the  infusion  of  the  flowers  of  the 
lime  and  orange,  with  a  third  or  fourth  part  of  the 
Eau  de  Seltz,  or  Eau  de  Vichy.* 

Infusion  of  Veronica*  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Florum  Veronicas  Beccabungse . .  3  fa. 

Aquee  bullientis , ft  ii. 

Demulcent,  and  slightly  aromatic.  Employed  in 
a  great  number  of  cases,  especially  in  chronic  affec- 
tions of  the  chest. 

Infusion  of  Anise,  ( ) 

Seminum  Anisi .3  fs. 

Aquas  bullientis ....,, ft  ii. 

Aromatic  and  stimulant.  Useful  in  dyspepsia,  and 
m  the  nervous  pains  of  the  stomach,  known  under 
the  name  of  cramps. 

Decoction  of  Artemisia,  (— — ) 

ArtexnisiaB  Santonicae 3  fs. 

Aquae  bullientis ft  ii. 

Used  frequently  as  an  anthelmintic. 

Tar  Water,  ( ) 

Picis  Liquidae 3  fs. 

Aquae ft  ii. 


*  These  are  saline  acidulous  waters.  The  Eau  de  Vichy  is  a  so- 
lution of  salts  in  distilled  water,  impregnated  with  twice  its  volume 
of  carbonic  acid  gaa.  The  Eau  de  Seltz  ii  nearly  the  same,  except 
iMtthe  water  contains  five  times  itp  volume  of  <he  carbonic  acid- — 
IV, 


TIssAAEfc.  171 

Tar  water,  extolled  as  a  remedy  in  phthisis,  has 
been  given  by  the  physicians  of  the  I16tel-Dieu, 
who  have  not  discovered  in  it  the  curative  virtues 
that  have  been  ascribed  to  it.  It  is  considered, 
however,  as  a  stimulant,  and  to  promote  expecto- 
ration. It  may  be  edulcorated  with  different  si- 
rups. 

Decoction  of  Fir  Tops,  ( ) 

Cacuminum  Pini  Sylvestris 3  ii. 

Aquai ft  ii. 

The  remarks  on  tar  water  are  applicable  to  this 
decoction,  which  owes  its  properties  to  an  extrae- 
to -resinous  principle. 

Decoction  of  Comfrey,  (  ) 

Radicis  Symphyti  Majoris 3  i. 

Aquae Jfe  ii. 

Some  physicians  of  the  Hotel-Dieu  regard  this 
decoction  as  a  powerful  astringent  in  internal  hae- 
morrhagies.  The  sirup  of  comfrey  is  sometime* 
added  to  rice  water. 

Infusion  of  Poly gala ,  (  ) 

Radicis  Polygala?  Senegse 3  fs. 

Aquae  bullientis Ife  ii. 

Employed,  conjointly  with  other  tonics,  in  the 
treatment  of  fever. 

Decoction  of  Bistort,  (  .) 

Radicis  Bistorts 3   i. 

Aquee jfe  ii. 

Astringent.  Sometimes  employed  in  internal 
prid  passive  hsemorrhagy, 

Infusion  of  Rhubarb,  (< ) 

Radicis  Rliei  contuses 3  i. 

.A  quaa  bullientis ..,,,... fa  ii 


172 

Recommended  as  a  tonic  and  gentle"  purgative 
in  some  chronic  diseases,  and  in  convalescence 
from  acute  affections  that  have  not  had  their  seat 
in  the  primae  vise. 

Decoction  of  Snake  Root,  ( ) 

Radicis  Aristolochiae  Serpentarize .  3  i. 
Aqua? ft  ii. 

In  the  same  cases  as  the  infusion  of  poly  gal  a. 
Decoction  of  Sarsaparilla,  ( — ) 

Sarsaparillae 3  *• 

Aquse « Jfe  ii. 

Decoction  of  China  Root,  ( ) 

Smilacis  Chinse 3  i . 

Aquae Jfe  ii. 

These  two  preparations  are  sometimes  used,  but 
less  frequently,  than  the  sudorific  tisane,  the  for- 
mula for  which  will  be  found  a  little  farther  on. 

Infusion  of  Valerian,  ( ) 

Radicis  Valerians g  i. 

Aqua?  bullientis fe  ii. 

This  infusion  has  been  often  employed  in  ner- 
vous affections,  as  epilepsy,  hysteria,  tic  dou- 
loureux, &c.  Other  antispasmodics  are  usually 
combined  with  it. 

Decoction  of  Bitter-sweet,  ( ) 

Caulium  Solani  Dulcamaras 3  i. 

Aqua3 fe  ii. 

The  bitter-sweet,  .so  much  extolled  as  a  remedy 
against  cancer,  has  not  supported  its  reputation. 
It  is  still,  however,  employed  to  calm  the  violent 
pains  to  which  the  patients  are  a  prey  ;  but  it  is 
almost  always  necessary  to  join  other  narcotics 
along  with  it. 


TISANES.  .173 

Infusion  of  Canella,  (  ) 

Canelhfi  Alb® 3  ft. 

Aquse  bullientis ' ft  ii. 

Infusion  of  Mint ,( ) 

Fol.  Menthae  Viridis g  fs. 

Aquae  bullientis ft  ii. 

Infusion  of  Balm,  ( ) 

Fol.  Melissse 3  fs. 

Aquse  bullientis ft  ii. 

These  three  infusions  are  analogous  in  their 
properties,  and  are  used  to  excite  gently  the  sto- 
mach, when,  from  atony  of  that  organ,  its  func- 
tions are  impaired.  They  are  used  also  as  warm 
as  the  patient  can  drink  them,  in  nervous  colics, 
unconnected  with  intestinal  inflammation. 

Infusion  of  flop*,  (  ) 

Strobiloisim  Humuli g  i, 

Aqua3  bullientis ft  ii. 

Aromatic  and  bitter.  Recommended  by  some 
practitioners  in  scrofulous  and  scorbutic  affections, 
and  in  other  diseases  of  an  atonic  character. 

Serum  Lactis,  (Petit-Lait.) 

Lactis  Vaccinse ft  ii, 

Decoque  : 

Acidi  Acetici q.  s. 

Adde  Acidum  Aceticum,  et  cola. 

Antiscorbutic  Tisane,  ( ) 

Infusi  Amari ft  ii. 

Alcoholis  Cochlearise 3  fs» 

Employed,  in  concert  with  the  other  agents  of 
the  stimulant  treatment,  in  scrofula  and  scorbutii. 
In  the  note  of  M.  Dupuytren  on  the  antigerofulous 
15* 


174.  HS.A.M->- 

treatment,  it  will  be  seen  that,  he  does  not  tuiiow 
the  same  principles. 

Sudorific  Tisane,  (H6tel-Dieu.) 

Radicis  Sarsaparillae 3  fs. 

.  Smilacis   Chinae 3  fs. 

Ligni  Guaici 3  fs. 

— -  Sassafras 3  ii. 

Aquse ft  ii. 

To  excite  copious  perspiration  in  chronic  rheu- 
matism and  syphilis. 

Diuretic  Tisane,  (M.  RECAMIER.) 

Gummi  Arabici 3  v. 

Saponis  Medicinalis 3  fs. 

Nitratis  Potassae gr.  xxiv. 

Carbonatis  Potassae 3  i.  fs. 

Infusi  Juniperi  Commun ft  ii. 

M.  Recamier  has  obtained  froi»  this  preparation 
good  effects  in  different  cases  of  dropsy. 

Alcoholic  Lemonade,  (Hotel-Dieu.) 

Alcoholis 3  i. — ii. 

Mellis  albi 3  i. 

Syrupi  Acidi  Tartarici 3  ii. 

Aquae ft  ii. 

Lemonade  of  the  Soluble  Supertartrate  of  Potass, 
(La  Charite). 

Supertartratis Potassae  Solubilis.g  fs. — ii. 

Aquae  bullientis ft  ii. 

M.  Fouquier  prescribes  this  often  as  a  drink  to 
overcome  constipation,  or  to  produce  a  salutary  de- 
rivation towards  the  intestines,  in  congestions  of 
the  superior  parts. 


TISAXKS. 


ic  Tisane,  (Venereal  Hospital.) 

Radicis  Bardanas  Majoris.  ..  )  —      ^ 
-  -  Rumicis  Patientise.  .  {  a  a  5 
Ligni  Guaici 


Baccse  Juniper!  Com  ...........  3  ii. 

Aquse  Communis  .............  jfe  iv. 

Decoque  ad  libras  duas. 

Common  Sudorific  Tisane,  (  ) 

Ligni  Guaici  rasi  ............  3  i.  fs. 

Sarsaparillse  ................  3   fs. 

Aquae  ......................  |fe  iv. 

Decoque  ad  libras  duas. 
To  this  are  sometimes  added, 

Sennse  ......................  31!. 

Sulphatis  Sodae  ............  3  ii.  fs. 

The  sudorific  drinks  make  an  essential  part  of 
the  anti-  venereal  treatment  ;  given  either  alone,  or 
combined  with  mercurial  preparations. 

Tisane,  (called  Liquor  of  Pollini.) 
Cinchonas  ................  )  _  _  ... 

Sarsaparillse  .............  \a  *  5  UJ" 

Lapidis  Pumicis  ........  >  —  „•    ~ 

Sulphureti  Antimonii  .  .  .  .  J  a  a  «  L 

Drupae  Juglandis  regisa  .........  ft  i. 

Aquae  .....................  ft  viii. 

Decoque  ad  dimidium,  et  cola.  Liquori  colati,  adjice, 
Subcarbonatis  Potassae  ........  g  i. 

This  preparation  has  been  tried  at  the  Venereal 
Hospital,  in  the  case  of  subjects  that  have  been 
treated  without  success  by  mercurial  preparations. 
From  comparative  experiments,  however,  the  pre- 
ference is  now  given  to  the  tisane  of  Feltz. 


Tisane  of  Fell:,(— , 

Radicis  Sarsaparilljc  coneisae . .  .  £  • 

Ichthyocollce  < ,  ....  g  is 

Pulv.  Antimonii  crudi  ....-.,.,.  3  iv. 
Aquce  Fontangj fe  vi. 

The  formula  for  the  tisane  of  Feltz,  properly  so» 
called,  is  more  complicated  than  this,  in  which  only 
the  substances  really  active  have  been  retained. 

The  crude  antimony  is  tied  in  a  piece  of  linen, 
and  put  into  a  varnished  earthen  pot,  taking-  care 
that  it  does  not  touch  the  bottom  of  the  vessel. 
The  water  is  then  added,  and  boiled  to  a  half  by  a 
gentle  fire,  in  order  that  the  ebullition  may  not 
cause  the  liquid  to  pass  over  the  edge  of  the  vessel. 
About  twelve  hours  are  necessary  for  the  reduction 
to  take  place.  The  vessel  is  left  on  warm  ashes 
till  the  following  morning,  when  the  decoction  is 
strained  through  a  piece  of  fine  linen,  and  put  into 
bottles.  The  three  pounds  of  liquid  form  six  doses 
of  half  a  pound  each,  which  are  to  be  taken  in  two 
days. 

Tiiis  tisane  is  given  with  success  in  obstinate 
venereal  affections  that  have  withstood  the  mercu- 
rial treatment.  The  patient  takes  three  doses  each 
day  ;  the  lirst  at  seven  in  the  morning,  before  taking 
food,  the  second  at  two  o'clock  afternoon,  and 
the  third  at  nine  in  the  evening.  Each  dose  to  be 
taken  cold.  He  is  allowed  two  meals  a-day,  in  the 
morning  at  eleven,  arid  in  the  evening  at  six  o'clock. 
These  two  repasts  consist  of  two  thirds  of  beef,  and 
one  third  of  veal,  boiled  in  a  sufficient  quantity  of 
water,  without  salt,  vegetables,  or  any  kind  of  sea- 
soning. With  the  boiled  meat,  he  is  allowed  some 
bread  soup,  and  a  few  stewed  prunes.  After  each 
dose  of  the  medicine,  he  is  made  to  walk  for  half  an 
hour. 
The  medium  duration  of  the  treatment  is  from 


\-ibur to  tiiivty  days.     The 

iine  is  o-roat,  in:  patients  d< 

appear  to  sutler  any  of  tlio  accidents  which  mer- 
cury too  often  produces ;  at  the  end  of  a  to\v  days, 
on  the  contrary,  a  sensible  amelioration  is 
perceived. 

Decoction  of  Angelica,  (St.  Antoin 

Radicis  Angelica 

Alcohplis c- 

Syrnpi  ZS  3  ii. 

Aqu® fe  ii. 

s  is  employed  as  a  drink  in  convalescence 
from  chronic  diseases ,  and  in  any  case  where  it  is 
necessary  to  give  a  stimulus  to  the  dij 

Astringciti  Infusion,  (Maison  de  Santf.) 

Fol.  Ros»  Gallicte 

AqucB  bnllientis ft  i. 

Sacchari »   i, 

Acidi  Sulphurici 5 

In  passive  haemorrhages. 

Alkaline  Gaseous  Water,  ( ) 

Carbonatis  Soda?  purificat..gr.  xviii. 

Acidi  Hydro-chlorici 5  is. 

Aqinr  distillata^ ^   xii. 

This  water,  an  a  logons  in  its  composition  to  the 
Ean  Minerale  de  Seltz,  is  employed,  mixed  \\-\\', i 

appropriate  tisane,  in  the  case  of  nervo; 
miting-s,  and  in  some  chronic  affections  i 
o estiva  organs.     It  should  be  kept  in  a  wel' 
vessel. 

rctir  Decoction^  (M.  DXJBOIS.) 
UaJjcis  Fraii'iiriiv  Vesc. . .  ^ 

Aspa r:\o-i  Otlicin. .  >  ^a  3    ^  • 

Rusri  Aculeati*..  } 

Aq\ur Jf-,  ii.  Is, 


i  Knfland- 


Decoque  ad  libras  duas,  cola, 'el  m 
Syrupi  Hyssopi   .  )    . 

Althseje  Comp.   ...  $    a  a  *    J 

M.  Dubois  frequently  recommends  this  as  & 
drink  in  idiopatluc  and  symptomatic  dropsy.  Irs 
some  circumstances,  and  to  increase  its  activity,  iif? 
adds  to  it  from  twelve  to  thirty  grains  of  the  nitrate 
of  potass. 

Sudorific  Decoction,  (M.  DUBOIS.} 

Radicis  Siccat,  JBardanee  M 3  L 

Seminum  Hordei 3    &. 

Feenicule 3  iii. 

Aqua? jfe  ii.  fs. 

Decoque  ad  duas  libras,  et  adjice, 
fSyrupi  Sarsaparil.  et  Sen.  Cornp.  3  "• 
f*  This  preparation  has  been  long  employed  by  M- 
Dubois  in  the  treatment  of  syphilis;  he  gives  at 
the  same  time  the  liquor  of  Van  Swieten,  in  the 
dose  of  half  an  ounce  in  a  cupful  of  railk,  or  oV 
gum  water. 

Infusion  of  Galium,  (Maternite.) 

Florum  Galli  Veri 3  ii. 

Aquae  bullientis :.....&  ii. 

Administered  often  by  M.  Chaussier  in  cerebral 
affections,  who  regards*  it  as  anodyne  and  antispas 
moclic. 


i  Decoction,  (Hopital  des  Enfans.  '> 

Micffi  Panis o  ^ 

Cornu  Cervi  Calcinat 3  ii. 

Aqua3 > . . .  ffe  ii, 

Syrupi  Simplicis 5  i^ 

Tincturae  Caneilse  Albte  . , 3  i. 

t  Vulgarly  kn<nvn  hy  the  narap  of  £:ron  sudorifi^ue  d9  Ct. 


179 

tins  decoction  differs    little  from  that    of  the 
st&er  hospitals,  and  is  employed  in  the  same  cases. 
Cacuminum  Hyperici. .....  >  ^ 

Florum  Sambucl  Nigrae  ...  $  Ta  9  i. 

Galii  Veri i 

Fol.  Sennae .  * >  —  3  i. 

Sulphatis  Magnesice  ..,„..  ) 

Seri  Lactis ft  i. 

Digere  per  horas  duodecim. 
This  preparation,  a  liitle  changed,  is  the  Petit 
Lait  de  Wtiss*     It  is  employed  by  M.  Boyer  as  a 
asild  purgative  in  diseases  of  the  skin,  and  in  the 
affections  consequent  to  parturition. 

Gaseous  Magnetian  Watt*. 

Aqus ' fe  iii.  Is. 

Acidi  Sulphurici  diluti* 3  x, 

Carbonatis  Magnesi«e. . . , 3  iii. 

At  the  end  of  two  hours,  when  the  solution  is 
completed,  the  water  is  put  into  flasks,  which 
should  be  well  corked. 

The  dose  of  this  water  is  from  eight  ounces  to  a 
?>ound.  It  is  useful  in  cases  where  the  carbonic 
acid  is  employed  as  an  antispasmodic,  and  in  some 
organic  affections  of  the  alimentary  canal. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES, 

Under  this  title  I  have  endeavoured  to  collect 
the  substances  recently  introduced  into  medicine, 
with  some  other  remedies,  peculiar,  either  from 
their  composition,  or  from  the  therapeutic  views 
with  which  they  are  administered.  I  have  thought 


*  Sir  parts  of  distilled  water  to  one  of -tfrnceirtfatfed  acid,-*~7V. 


ISO  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

it  better  to  place  them  in  a  separate  chapter,  as  be- 
ing more  easily  found  than  in  the  different  sections 
under  which  otherwise  it  would  have  been  neces- 
sary to  have  arranged  them. 

Mercurial  Soap,  (Maternite. — M.  CHAUSSIER.) 
Unguenti  Hydrargyri  Fort. .  3  iii.  fs. 
Solutionis  Soda?  Caustica? . ....  3  iii. 

The  mercurial  ointment  is  to  be  triturated  in  a 
glass  mortar,  with  the  solution  of  soda,  gradually 
addend  to  it,  until  the  mixture  has  acquired  a  firm 
tenacity.  It  is  then  put  into  a  mould,  or  case  of 
strong  paper,  and  preserved  for  use.  It  is  employ- 
ed in  frictions,  in  syphilis,  psora,  and  certain  vari- 
eties of  herpes. 

Syrup  of  the  Sulphuret  of  Potass,  ( ) 

Sacchari  Albi 3  x. 

Aqua?  Hyssopi  distillate 3  ii. 

Sulphureti  Potassse 3  i.  fs. 

This  sirup,  recommended  against  croup,  contains 
about  six  grains  of  the  sulphuret  in  each  ounce. 


Aqueous  Infusion  of  Opium,  (- 


Opii 3  i. 

Aquae  distillatse 3  ix. 

The  opium  in  coarse  powder,  is  put  into  a  bottle 
with  the  quantity  of  water  indicated,  and  allowed 
to  infuse,  the  bottle  being  occasionally  shaken.  At 
the  end  of  three  or  four  days  the  liquor  is  filtered 
through  paper,  and  six  or  eight  drachms  of  alcohol 
are  added  to  preserve  it. 

From  sixteen  to  thirty  drops  of  this  infusion  may 
be  administered  in  potions,  or  from  fifty  to  eighty  in 
two  ounces  of  infusion  of  mallow,  in  inflammations 
of  the  eye,  and  diseases^of  the  mamma?. 

M.  Chaussier  prefers"  in 'general  this  aqueous  in- 


PAKTICVLAK  REMEDIES.  181 

fusion  of  opium  to  the  liquid  laudanum  of  Sydenham, 
as  it  possesses  a  narcotic  property  only  without  aro- 
matics,  or  any  other  stimulating  ingredient. 

Of  the  Cortex  Qranati  as  a  Remedy  against  the  Tccnia. 
Several  of  the  hospital  physicians  have  tried  with 
success  the  bark  of  the  root  of  the  punica  granatum, 
against  the  tape  worm.  It  is  supposed  that  this 
substance  constituted  the  remedy  proposed  by  M. 
Darbon.  The  following  is  the  manner  in  which  it 
is  administered  :  — 

Corticis  Radicis  Granati  ......  3  xii. 

Aquae  ......................  Jfe  iii. 

Coque  per  horse  dimidiain,  et  cola.     Adde, 
Syrupi  Menthee  ............  3  i.  fs. 

The  patient  takes  two  glassfuls  of  this  decoction 
in  the  morning,  and  as  much  in  the  evening.  It  is 
continued  two  or  three  days,  after  which,  some  ad- 
minister as  a  purgative  an  ounce  or  two  of  oleum 
ricini,  but  in  general  the  previous  medicine  suffices 
to  expel  the  worm.  Some  prefer  to  exhibit  the  pow- 
der in  substance,  in  a  little  wine  or  peppermint- 
water. 

Treatment  of  BOURDIER  against  Tcenia. 
In  the  evening,  some  panado,  with  the  yolk  of  an 


£g- 
Th 


he  following  morning  one  drachm   of  sulphuric 
ether,  in  a  glassful  of  a  strong  decoction  of  the  male 
fern.     Five  minutes  afterwards,  an  enema  of  the 
same  decoction,  to  which  two  drachms  of  sulphuric 
ether  are  added. 

An  hour  afterwards  the  following  purgative  :•— 
Olei  Ricini  ..................  g  ii. 

Syrupi  Florum  Ainygd.  Persies  .  .  3  *• 
The  action  of  the  purgative  is  aided  by  a  few 
cupfuls  of  some  simple  vegetable  soup. 
16 


182  PARTiClTLAK  KEME !>!££. 

JVbte  by  M.  GUILBERT  on  the  treatment  of  Toema . 

Professor  Guilbert,  in  his  practice,  does  not,  in 
general,  direct  any  means  of  treatment  in  the  case 
of  the  solitary  worm.  He  has  observed  that  this 
animal  paracite  may  exist  long  in  the  economy  with- 
out occasioning  any  evil,  provided  that  care  be  ta- 
ken to  give  sufficient  nourishment  to  the  patient  In 
a  great  number  of  subjects  which  he  has  had  an  op- 
portunity to  examine,  drastic  purgatives  were  the 
principal  cause  of  the  disease.  He  leaves  the  tenia, 
therefore,  without  interference,  persuaded  it  will  al- 
most always  disappear  spontaneously.  When  the 
worm,  however,  gives  rise  to  severe  symptoms, 
which  sometimes  occurs,  he  employs  the  treatment 
of  Bourdier,  in  preference  to  any  other. 

Treatment  of  Professor  DUBOIS. 
In  the  evening  some  panado  ;  and  next  morning, 
in  a  cupful  of  vegetable  soup, 

Pulveris  Filicis  Maris %k. 

An  hour  afterwards  he  causes  the  patient  to 
take,  at  intervals  of  an  hour,  the  following  mass, 
divided  into  three  bolusus : — 

Pulveris  Jalapse ^ 

Diagridii •  — 

Pulv.  Gambogise J  a  a  gr. 

Seammonis J 

Treatment  of  M.  ALIBERT. 

As  an  ordinary  drink  to  the  patient,  the  follow- 
ing decoction  is  given  : — 

Radicis  Filicis  Maris g  iv. 

Aqua  Fontanse ]fe  iij. 

De.coque  ad  libras  duas,  et  adde, 
Syrupi  Coralline g  ii. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  183 

Three  hours  after  repast,  he  administers  the  fol- 
lowing bolus : — 

Hydrargyri  Submuriatis.  > —       ... 
Cornu  Cervi  calcinati. . .  $  a  ag      J" 

Conserve  Rosse q.  s. 

The  second  day,  the  following  purgative  is  pre- 
scribed : — 

Pulv.  Scammoniae gr.  xviii. 

Rad.  Filicis  Maris g  i. 

Gambogiffi 

*  Submuriat.  Hydrarg.  . . 
To  be  taken  in  one  dose,  with  some  water  or  with 
wine. 

Compound  Sirup  ofSarsaparilla,  (Venereal  Hos*. 
pital.)  . 

Rad.  Sarsaparillse  concisse. .  )  —      . 

Ligni  Guaiaci  rasi £  a  a  16  i. 

Aquse  Fontan© }fe  xii. 

Sacchari 
Mellis  AIM 

This  sirup  is  given,  along  with  the  liquor  of  Van 
Swieten,  in  the  dose  of  from  two  to  four  ounces. 
The  sudorifics  without  mercury  are  employed  in 
the  diseases  which  have  been  treated  long  and 
without  success,  by  preparations  of  that  metal. 

*  The  extent  of  this  dose  must  be  rather  startling  to  the  reader. 
From  |h is  specimen  of  treatment,  however,  it  can  scarcely  with  any 
justice  be  said  that  there  is  a  dread  of  purgatives  in  the  French 
practice.  It  may  here  be  remarked,  that  there  is  nothing  in  the  ancient 
records  of  medical  practice  so  startlir.g,  or  rather  so  utterly  inexpli- 
cable to  our  modern  notions  and  experience,  as  the  extent  to  which 
the  doses  of  the  most  powerful  medicines  were  carried.  It  is  a 
curious  fact,  and  one  which  removes  the  supposition  of  error  in  our 
editions  of  the  ancients,  that  these  doses  seem  to  have  been  uniformly 
four  times  as  large  as  the  ones  now  administered  under  exactly 
corresponding  circumstances.  This  may  be  seen  in  Dr.  E.  Milligan's 
ingenious  tables  prefixed  to  his  elegant  edition  of  Celsus,  and  from 
a  paper  by  that  gentleman,  published  a  few  years  ago,  in  the  E/l, 
31ed.  and  Rorg.  Jotrr.—  Tr, 


184  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

Sachet  Resolutif)  (Maison  dc?  Sante. — M.  DUIWERIL,  \ 

Sulphatis  Calcis } 

Ferri /  o~a  3  i- 

Hydro-chloratis  Ammoniae  ) 
These  substances  are  placed  on  a  pledget  of  cot- 
ton, and  enclosed  in  a  thin  muslin  bag,  which  re- 
ceives the  name  of  Sachet  Resolutif.  It  is  applied 
in  the  form  of  a  collar,  over  goitres,  and  other  tu- 
mours formed  by  the  morbid  development  of  the 
thyroid  gland.  , 

Bitter  Diuretic  Wine,  (M.  CORVISART.) 

Corticis  Winterani } 

Cinchonas /  o~a  3  *• 

Cane!Ja3  Albae ) 

Radicis  Angelicas -\ 

Baccae  Juniperi \aa  ^u" 

Involucri  Nucis  Moschatre.  J 

Fol.  Absinthii  siccat.  ..  >  —  _. 

nr  T  /  «  r  inanip.  11. 

— — — — JVlGIlSSa;!    .     .   ^ 

Vini  Albi   fe  ii. 

Macera  per  horas  viginti  quatuor. 
The  dose  of  this  wine  is  from  one  to  four  ounces 
a-day.     It  may  be  used  with  advantage  as  a  tonic 
in  debility  of  the  stomach,  and  is  equally  suitable  as 
a  remedy  in  passive  dropsies. 

Bitter  wine,  (M.  DUBOIS.) 

Vim  Albi  Madeirensis ffe  xviii. 

Cinchonae  Macrocarpse  ) „  •     /*        t 

Cordifolia?..  \  fi  a  5 

Canellae  Alba? g  i.- — iiv 

Bacca3  Juniperi ^ 

Corticis  Citri  Medicsc >  ITa  3  ix. 

. Winterani } 

Carbonatis  Sodae 3  iv.  f&\ 

This  wine  is  tonic  and  f 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  M*» 

Tincture  of  Gentian, (M.  DUBOIS.) 

Radicis  Gentianae 3  i.  is. 

Carbonatis  Potassaj .31. 

Alcoholis  dilutions }fe  ii. 

Digere  per  dies  quindecim,  et  cola. 
This  preparation  is  very  frequently  given  by  M. 
Dubois  to  scrofulous  children,  and  in  all  cases  of  de- 
bility. The  dose  is  a  tea-spoonful  repeated  two  or 
three  times  a-day.  This,  and 'the  hop  iflfusion,  and 
friction  with  the  volatile  camphorated  liniment,chief- 
ly  compose  his  treatment  of  scrofula. 

Succi  Spissati  Glycyrrhizse 3  ii-  is. 

Pulveris  Spongise  ustse . . . 3  i. 

Carbonatis  Sod® 3  is. 

Pulveris  Canellae  Albs 3  ii. 

Mucilaginis  Gummi  Tragacanthse . .  q.  s. 
This  mass  is  formed  into  pills  of  ten  grains,  one 
of  which  is  given  every  evening.     They  are  direct- 
ed by  M.  Dubois  in  the  case  of  goitre. 

On  the  use  of  Sulphur  in  Scrofulous  ^Affections. 

Among  the  meanse  mployed  against  scrofula,  sul- 
phur merits  a  particular  rank,  as  its  good  effects  are 
evident,  though  it  may  perhaps  be  difficult  to  furnish 
their  explanation.  The  most  convenient  wa  y  of  ad- 
ministering it  is  in  the  form  of  electuary,  consisting 
of  three  parts  of  powdered  sulphur  to  one  of  white 
honey.  Of  this  the  dose  may  be  a  table-spoonful 
daily,  but  to  very  young  children,  the  half  of  this 
quantity  will  be  sufficient.  We  associate  with  ad- 
vantage to  this  treatment  the  medicines  termed  an- 
tiscorbutic, animal  diet,  and  wine.  We  ought,  how- 
ever, when  symptoms  of  irritation  appear,  to  have 
recourse  to  a  mild  regimen,  and  even  to  antiphlogis- 
tic measures.  The  sulphureous  baths  form  a  use- 
ful accessary.  When  it  is  necessary  to  solict  eva-- 
16* 


186  PARTICULAR  REMEDIED. 

cuatioris,  the  following  powder  will  be  found  well 
adapted  to  that  purpose  ; — 

Sulphuric  Sublimati 3  i. 

Supertartratis  Potassae 3  i. 

Sacchari  purificati q.  s. 

(Note  communicated  by  Profesor  Guilbert.) 
Treatment  of  Scrofulous  Diseases. 

"  The  treatment  employed  by  M.  Dupuytren  in 
scrofula  differs  much  from  the  methods  of  treat- 
ment generally  followed,  and  is  the  result  of  obser- 
vations, anatomical  and  physiological,  on  the  na- 
ture and  progress  of  that  disease. 

"  Whatever  be  its  varieties  or  its  seat,  scrofula 
exhibits  three  distinct  periods  in  its  march.  In  the 
first,  the  disease  is  in  some  measure  inert,  manifest- 
ing itself  only  through  the  characters  proper  to  the 
lymphatic  constitution,  and  by  an  interruption, 
more  or  less  difficult  to  perceive,  in  the  action  of 
the  parts  affected.  In  this  first  period,  M.  Dupuy- 
tren employs  all  the  means  afforded  by  the  hygiene 
suited  to  fortify  the  constitution,  and,  by  conse- 
quence, effect  the  resolution  of  the  disease.  He  is 
careful,  moreover,  to  avoid  every  thing  that  might 
irritate,  agitate,  or  heat,  as  elixirs,  antiscorbutic 
sirups,  and  other  spiritous  medicines,  which  he 
believes  are  calculated  to  make  the  disease  pass 
from  the  inert  into  the  inflammatory  state. 

"  It  is  especially  in  the  second  state  of  the  disease, 
marked  always  by  excitement,  fever,  local  pains, 
swelling,  and  sanguineous  exhalations,  that  he  se- 
dulously shuns  those  stimulating  remedies  which, 
from  the  abuse  made  of  them  for  many  years,  have 
produced  more  evil  than  the  disease  itself  they  were 
professed  to  ameliorate. 

"  In  this  second  period  of  the  malady,  M.  Dupuy- 
tren, without  regard  to  its  supposed  nature,  treat?* 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  187* 

it  as  an  inflammatory  affection,*  by  bleeding-, 
leeches,  and  diet,  and  by  so  doing  has  often  arrest- 
ed its  progress,  arid  prevented  its  melancholy  con- 
sequences, such  as  caries  of  the  bones,  gibbosities, 
spontaneous  luxations,  suppuration,  and  destruc- 
tion of  the  organs.  If  suppuration  be  established, 
and  its  products  escape  easily  by  an  external  out- 
let, and  if  the  disease  have  returned  to  that  almost 
inert  state  which  constitutes  its  first  period,  he  re*- 
sumes  the  use  of  the  means  calculated  to  strength- 
en the  system,  but  is  still  careful  to  reject  every 
thing  that  would  excite  or  have  a  tendency  to 
cause  insomnia  or  fever.  For  the  same  reason,  he 
abstains,  in  the  third  period  of  the  disease,  from 
the  use  of  vinous,  alcoholic,  or  alkaline  preparations, 
As  a  substitute  for  such,  he  prescribes  only  the 
purely  aqueous  preparations  of  cinchona,  gentian, 
or  simaronba  ;  persuaded  that  they  contain  all  that 
is  really  tonic  in  these  substances,  and  are  free  from 
the  irritating  properties,  contained  both  in  the  base 
and  vehicle  of  the  ordinary  remedies.  He  thus 
employs  the  aqueous  infusions,  and  sirups  of  gen- 
tian, cinchona,  and  simaronba,  to  which  he  gives 
more  or  less  strength,  according  to  the  age  and  sex 
of  the  individual,  or  the  seat  and  character  of  the 
affection." — (Note  communicated  by  Professor  Du- 
puytren.) 


*Por  several  years  past,  and  before  the  publication  of  the  physio- 
logical doctrine,  several  practitioners,  among  whom  were  MM  Fou- 
quier  and  Jtidelot,  professing  the  opinion  held  by  M.  Dupuytren, 
adopted  an  antiphlogistic  treatment  m->re  or  less  severe,  in  the  in- 
flammatory stage  of  scrofulous  affections,  and  abstained,  at  least  for 
a  time,  from  all  stimulating  medicine*. 


188  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

Treatment  of  M.  DUPUYTREN  in  Passive  Dropsy 

of  the   Celular  Tissue. 
Radicis   Tritici  Repentis. .  1 

Fragarias >  J"a  3  &• 

Rusci  Aculeati . . . .  j 

Aquae fe  ii. 

Fiat  decoctio,  et  adde, 

Syrupi  Foeniculi  Comp 3  ii« 

Nitratis  Potassse gr.  xv. 

For  the  drink  of  the  patient. 

Saponis  Medicinalis 3  iii. 

Pulveris  Digitalis 3   i. 

Submuriat.  Hydrargyri 3  ii. 

This  mass  is  intended  to  form  sixty-two  pills, 
one  to  be  taken  morning  and  evening. 

Liniment. 

Olei  Anthemidis  Nob 3  vi. 

Tincture  Settles )    —       . 

Digitalis J    a  a  3 

With  this  liniment  frictions  are  made  each  even- 
ing on  the  infiltrated  parts. 

Every  fourth  day  the  treatment  is  suspended,  in 
order  to  exhibit  a  purgative. 

Ozcena. 

The  treatment  of  M.  Dupuytren  in  this  affec- 
tion consists  in  making  the  patient  inspire  into 
the  nose  every  evening  three  grains  of  calomel,  and 
plugging  then  the  nostrils  until  the  following  morn- 
ing. 

Specks  of  the  Cornea. 

"  For  some  years  patients  have  flocked  to  the 
H6tel-Dieu,  afflicted  with  specks  of  the  cornea,  as 
they  formerly  resorted  to  Dessault,  for  the  cure  of 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  189 

chronic  and  scrofulous  ophthalmia.  The  treat- 
ment pursued  by  M.  Dupuytren  is  the  follow- 
ing:— 

"Detraction  of  blood  from  the  arm,  if  there  be 
much  irritation. 

"  Leeches  to  the  temple,  if  the  irritation  be  less 
considerable. 

"  One  or  two  mild  purgatives  at  an  interval  of 
two  or  three  days. 

"  After  this,  a  seton  made  of  threads  of  cotton, 
and  of  a  cylindrical  form,  introduced  at  the  poste- 
rior part  of  the  neck,  and  passing  several  inches 
under  the  skin.* 

«  Lastly,  the  insufflation  of  the  subjoined  pow- 
der on  the  eye,  repeated  morning  and  evening,  by 
means  of  a  quill,  while  the  eyelids  are  kept  sepa- 
rated. 

"Oxidi  Zinci  Imp.  Prsep.  } 

Sacchari  Candi   Albi.  .  >  ~a partes  SBquales. 
fSubmuriatis  Hydrargyri  ) 

"  The  eyes  should  neither  be  washed  nor  rubbed 
after  the  insufflation. 

"  When  there  does  not  exist  any  disease  of  the 
eyelids,  nor  inflammation  of  the  conjunctiva,  the  in- 
sufflation of  the  powder  generally  suffices  to  resolve 
the  specks. 

"  Those  which  are  recent  and  slight,  are  com- 
pletely dissipated  in  a  few  weeks  by  the  insufflations. 
The  specks  that  have  existed  longer,  that  are  thick 


*  M.  Dupuytren  prefers  this  kind  of  eeton  to  the  flat  mesh  with 
the  fringed  border,  which  he  used  formerly  to  employ,  as  it  occasion* 
less  pain  in  the  dressing,  and  yet  sufficient  irritation,  by  giving  it  aw 
extent  proportionate  to  the  object  we  propose 

t  Calomelas  rfnglais. — This  calomel  is  in  a  state  of  much  finw 
division  than  when  prepared  by  sublimation.  M.  Dupuytren  thinks 
that  the  tenuity  of  it*  particles  peculiarly  fits  it  to  be  introduced  ia 
frictions  (a) 

(ff)  Submurias  ftydrargyri  prtBcipitatits.    P/iar.  jErf.— Tr. 


190  PABTICTJLAB  KEMEDIES. 

er  and  broader,  usually  give  way  in  a  month  or  six 
weeks,  and  specks  that  have  occupied  almost  the 
whole  cornea,  covering  the  pupil,  and  intercepting 
entirely  the  passage  of  light  into  the  eye,  have  been 
frequently  seen  to  disappear  completely  in  the 
course  of  a  few  months." — (Note  communicated  by 
Professor  Dupuytren.) 

Treatment  of  Goitre. — (M.  DUPUFTREN.) 
To  take  every  day,  in  a  little  white  wine,  and  in 
divided  doses,  thirty-six  grains  of  the  powder  of 
burnt  sponge. 

To  apply  round  the  neck,  a  bag  filled  with  the 
muriate  of  ammonia. 

As  often  as  possible  to  wash  the  tumour  with  a 
fine  sponge,  moistened  with  the  following  liquor: — 

Acidi  Acetici  Tenuis jfe  i. 

Muriatis  Ammoniae *  •  •  •  •  3  iv. 

To  follow  the  antiscrofulous  regimen,  already 
detailed. 

Powder  used  by  M.  DUPUYTREN  in  the  Phagedenic 

or  Corroding  Herpes. 

"  There  is  no  physician  who  has  not  had  occa- 
sion to  observe  the  phagedenic  variety  of  herpes, 
and  to  receive  the  sad  proof  of  the  inefficiency  of 
the  remedies  that  have  been  alternately  employed 
against  that  cruel  disease,  according  to  its  different 
appearances,  and  the  nature  it  has  been  supposed 
to  assume.  We  know  that,  in  spite  of  all  these 
remedies,  it  no  less  corrodes  and  destroys  the  nose, 
cheeks,  lips,  the  eyelids,  the  ears,  and  the  temples, 
parts  for  which  the  malady  affects  a  preference. 
The  cautery  seems  only  to  irritate  it,  as  well  as 
the  arsenical  paste ;  these  agents  having,  besides, 
the  inconvenience  of  destroying  the  parts  to  which 
f  hey  are  applied?  and  increasing  their  deformity. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  191 

These  facts  have  long  since  led  M.  Duypuytren  to 
seek  for  other  remedies  against  the  phagedenic  her- 
pes, and  it  appears  certain  to  him,  that  the  disease 
may  be  cured  by  the  use  of  the  following  powder : — 

Submuriatis  Hydrargyri  199 

Acidi  Arsenosi 001 

partes  200 

"  This  remedy,  which  acts  rather  as  a  specific  than 
as  a  caustic,  may  be  differently  employed.  If  the 
surface  be  ulcerated,  moist,  and  clean,  it  may  be 
covered  with  a  little  of  the  powder.  If  it  be  cover- 
ed by  a  crust,  before  sprinkling  it  with  the  powder, 
the  crust  must  be  brought  away  by  means  of  cata- 
plasms. Finally,  if  an  imperfect  cicatrix  has  formed 
over  the  ulcer,  it  will  be  necessary  to  destroy  it,  and 
twenty-four  hours  afterwards  to  apply  the  powder 
to  the  surface,  which  will  then  have  ceased  to  bleed. 

u  Should  it  be  feared  that  the  powder  does  not 
adhere  sufficiently  to  the  parts,  and  that  it  may  be 
rubbed  off,  it  may  be  moistened  with  a  little  gum 
water  or  incorporated  with  the  unguent,  rosat  In 
this  case,  it  will  be  proper  to  increase  the  arsenious 
acid  about  a  hundredth  part. 

"  In  every  case  we  should  wait  till  the  powder  or 
the  pommade  fall  off  of  its  own  accord,  which  usu- 
ally happens  at  the  end  of  eight  or  ten  days,  and  re- 
new the  applications  till  the  cure  be  completed, 
which  it  generally  is  in  eight  or  ten  weeks,  or  after 
five  or  six  applications.  The  proportions  of  the  con- 
stituent elements  of  the  remedy  may  be  increased 
or  diminished,  according  to  the  extent  and  severity 
of  the  evil ;  but  it  is  important  that  neither  of  them 
should  be  wholly  excluded,  as  they  both  appear  ne- 
cessary to  its  action."— (Note  by  Professor  Dupuy- 
fren.) 


192  PARTICULAR  BEMEDIES. 

TreUtment  of  the  Nervous  Delirium  supervening  in 

Compound  Fractures. — (M.  DUPUYTREN.) 
To  the  delirium  which  supervenes  in  the  case  of 
compound  fractures,  contusions,  &c.  we  may  op- 
pose, with  much  success,  the  liquid  laudanum  of  Sy- 
denham,  administered  by  enemata  in  the  dose  of 
from  ten  grains  to  half  a  drachm,  according  to  the 
effects  obtained  from  it. 

Treatment  of  Syphilis  employed  in  the  Surgical 
Wards  at  the  Hbiel-Dieu. 

"  Syphilis  often  complicates  surgical  diseases,  and 
is  itself  the  cause  of  a  considerable  number.  Hence 
results  the  necessity  of  combining,  in  the  treatment 
of  these  compound  affections,  the  anti-syphilitic  with 
other  surgical  remedies*-  It  is  in  vain,  in  these  cases, 
our  endeavour  to  treat  separately  the  principal  dis- 
ease, and  its  venereal  complication  :•  in  order  to  ef- 
fect a  cure,  it  is  almost  always  necessary  that  we 
treat  them  simultaneously. 

"  The  choice  of  curative  means  is  here  of  extreme 
importance.  The  metallic  mercury  reduced  to  the 
state  of  oxide  by  trituration  with  axunge,  and  ad- 
ministered by  friction  on  the  extremities,  cannot  be 
used  without  difficulty  in  the  general  hospitals,  and 
in  the  large  wards,  deprived  commonly  of  the  mild 
temperature  which  disposes  the  skin  to  absorption. 
It  has  the  inconvenience,  besides,  to  become  rancid 
on  the  surface  of  the  skin,  and  consequently  to  dif- 
fuse an  odour,  equally  disagreeable  to  the  patient 
himself,  and  to  those  who  are  near  him.  Frictions 
have  also  the  objection  of  contaminating  for  long 
the  bed-clothes,  and  those  of  the  patient. 

"The  sublimate,  administered  in  a  weak  or  con- 
centrated solution,  by  the  mouth,  has  other  inconve- 
niences. In  a  concentrated  solution,  it  acts  too  se- 
verely on  the  stomach,  which  it  irritates  and  in- 
flames, as  it  does  also  the  lungs ;  in  a  weak  solu- 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  193 

tion  in  the  daily  drink  of  the  patient,  it  is  almost  al- 
ways decomposed,  is  precipitated,  and  thus  loses  its 
virtue;  its  administration,  besides,  necessarily  left 
to  the  discretion  of  the  patients,  is  very  often  irre- 
gular. 

<k  The  venereal  disease,  which  complicates  sur- 
gical affections,  is  generally  of  old  standing,  obsti- 
nate, and  constitutional,  and  is,  moreover,  very  of- 
ten characterized  by  nocturnal  pains,  &c. 

"These  considerations  appear  to  have  directed  M. 
Dupuytren  in  the  choice  of  the  means  which  he  em- 
ploys against  these  complicated  affections.  His 
treatment  combines  the  sudorific,  mercurial,  and  ano- 
dyne medicines,  a  combination  the  best  adapted  to 
subdue  the  pains,  and  overcome  the  venereal  virus. 
He  gives  the  sudorifics  in  the  form  of  decoction  and 
sirup,  and  the  sublimate  combined  with  opium  in  the 
form  of  a  pill.  The  following  is  the  course  pre- 
scribed : — 

"  Let  the  patient  take  every  day,  between  morn- 
ing and  evening  as  much  as  convenient  of  the 
following  decoction  : — 

Smilacis  Chinas > 

Sarsaparillae V  «fi  g  fs. 

Ligni  Guaiaci ) 

Aquse ftii. 

Decoque  ad  uncias  sexdecim. 

"  To  the  first  glassful  taken  in  the  morning,  and 
the  last  at  night,  let  there  be  added  3  ii.  of  the  su- 
dorific sirup.  Morning,  mid-day,  and  evening, 
and  at  least  one  hour  before  meals,  let  the  patient 
take  the  following  pill  : — 

Extract!  Guaiaci gr.  ii. 

r-  Opii  Aquosi gr.  fs. 

Deuto-chloridi  Hydrarg gr.  1-6. 

J7 


194  PARTICULAR  REMEDIfc*. 

"  A  moderate  diet  assists  the  efficacy  of  this  treat-* 
ment. 

"  In  general,  no  local  treatment  is  employed. 
The  local  symptoms,  on  this  account,  become,  in 
some  measure,  an  index  of  the  efficacy  of  the  in- 
ternal remedies,  and  they  disappear  almost  con- 
stantly under  their  use  alone.  The  venereaj 
character  of  the  wounds  and  ulcers  disappears  at 
the  end  of  some  weeks ;  the  indurations,  excres- 
cences, and  the  ulcers  themselves,  at  the  end  of  a 
month  or  six  weeks  ;  and,  lastly,  also  the  exostoses. 

"  Venereal  affections  we  are  too  generally  led  to 
regard  as  radically  cured,  when  the  symptoms  have 
disappeared.  M.  Dupuytren  is  persuaded  that  the 
disease  is  nothing  but  palliated  in  the  majority  of 
cases,  and  he  imputes  to  the  treatment  directed  on 
these  principles,  the  spontaneous  relapses  that 
syphilis  so  frequently  presents  in  the  hospitals. 
In  the  treatment,  therefore,  of  constitutional  sy- 
philis, he  has  adopted  as  a  general  rule,  to  continue 
the  employment  of  the  curative  measures  after  the 
complete  disappearance  of  all  the  symptoms,  for  a 
period  of  time  equal  to  that  which  has  been  neces- 
sary to  dissipate  these  symptoms.  It  is  thus  only 
that  the  cause  and  the  effects  are  equally  removed, 
and  without  the  danger  of  return. — (Note  com- 
municated  by  M.  Dupuytren.) 

Inflammation  of  the  Retina. — (Treatment  of  M. 

DUPUYTREN.) 

"  The  operation  for  cataract  is  always  performed 
at  the  Hotel-Dieu  by  the  method  of  depression  and 
laceration.  One  of  the  consequences,  the  most 
common  and  most  serious  of  this  method,  which  is 
preferable,  notwithstanding,  to  the  method  by  ex- 
traction, is  the  inflammation  of  the 'retina,  called 
inflammation  of  the  iris  or  iritis,  by  those  who  are 
struck  more  by  apparent  symptoms  than  by  the 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  195 

cause  and  real  seat  of  the  evil.  This  affection  has 
for  its  result,  long  and  obstinate  pains  of  the  head 
and  eye,  retraction  of  the  pupil,  cloudiness  of  the 
aqueous  and  vitreous  humours,  redness  of  the  con- 
junctiva, continual  flow  of  scalding  tears,  inability 
to  support  the  most  feeble  light,  strong  contraction 
of  the  orbiculares  muscles,  the  formation  behind 
the  pupil  of  a  fibrous  pellicle,  to  which  the  iris  usu- 
ally becomes  attached  ;  finally,  blindness,  which, 
however,  may  be  remedied  at  the  end  of  some 
months,  by  destroying  or  displacing  the  pellicle, 
just  spoken  of,  by  means  of  the  cataract  needle. 

"  This  inflammation  attacks  very  often  children 
affected  with  scrofula,  and  offers  the  same  symp- 
toms as  in  the  preceding  cases,  joined  to  an  ex- 
treme impatience  of  light.  The  child  seeks  the 
most  obscure  places,  and  presses  the  eyelids,  one 
against  the  other,  in  such  a  manner  as  frequently 
to  cause  the  inferior  to  pass  behind  the  superior 
eyelid,  and  the  cilia  coming  thus  in  contact  with 
the  conjunctiva,  adds  still  farther  to  the  pain  and 
danger  of  the  disease. 

"  In  these  cases,  bleeding,  leeches,  and  deriva- 
tives, such  as  setons  and  purgatives,  are,  without 
doubt,  indicated,  and  useful ;  but  experience  has 
too  often  shown  their  insufficiency,  and  has  led  M. 
Dupuytren  to  try  other  means  of  relief.  That 
which  has  succeeded  best  with  him,  for  ten  years 
past,  is  the  internal  use  of  the  powder  and  extract 
ofAtropa  Belladonna  ;  the  powder  to  the  extent  of 
three,  eight,  or  twelve  grains,  the  extract  to  that 
of  three  or  more,  and  given  in  divided  doses  every 
two  hours. 

"  To  obviate  the  narcotisme,  whether  local  or 
general,  which  this  medicine  may  produce,  M. 
Dupuytren  is  accustomed  to  accompany  its  use 
with  that  of  the  artificial  water  of  Seltz. 

'"'-  It  is  unnecessary  to  say,  that  the  use  of  anti- 


196  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

scorbutic  and  antiscrofulous  remedies  have  only 
a  tendency  in  children  to  increase  the  inflamma- 
tioH."— - (JVbte  by  J\l.  Dupuytren.) 

Antipsoric    Water. — (M.   RANOJUE.) 

StaphisagrisB* g  fs. 

Aquae fe  ii. 

Decoque,  et  adde, 
Extracti  Papaveris 3  ii. 

The  parts  covered  with  pustules  are  rubbed 
twice  a-day,  with  about  a  wine-glassful  of  this 
lotion.  It  is  used  cold,  and  twelve  lotions  are 
sufficient  for  the  treatment  of  a  recent  affection. 

Camphorated  Ether  Water. 
Camphorse 5    is. 

Athens  Sulphurici 3  i.  Is.   " 

Put  them  into  a  crystal  flask,  and  agitate. 
Into  another  crystal  vessel,  capable  of  containing 
two  pounds  and  a  half,  put 

Aqusp  distillatae g  xxviii. 

Add  the  camphorated  ether,  and  close  immediate- 
ly the  bottle  with  a  cork  pierced  by  a  g;lass  tube, 
a  line  in  diameter,  arid  rising  about  an  inch  and  a 
fifth  above  the  neck  of  the  bottle.  Close  very  ex- 
actly this  extremity  with  a  small  cylinder  of  cork, 
and  carefully  lute  the  neck  of  the  bottle  [with  its 
cork.  Shake  the  liquor  three  or  four  times,  with- 
in the  period  of  two  hours. 

When  the  medicine  is  required  for  use,  the  cork 
is  withdrawn  from  the  tube. 

It  is  antispasmodic,  and  is  of  service,  according 
to  M.  Chaussier,  in  adynamic  affections,  in  eclamp- 
sia, &c. 

*  Delphinium  Staphisagria — Stavesacre.  The  seeds  art'acrii,  antl 
are  u*ed  in  Italy  to  destroy  vermin.  When  taken  internally,  they 
operate  ag  a.  violent  cathartic. —  TV. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  197 

M.  Fouquier  sometimes  employs  it  in  fever.  It 
is  given  in  tea-spoonfuls,  either  alone,  or  mixed  with 
a  little  sirup. 

Treatment  of  Chronic  Obstruction  of  the  Uterus.— 
(Professor  GUILBERT.) 

This  treatment  consists  in  the  application  of  leech- 
es immediately  to  the  neck  of  the  uterus,  which  is 
effected  by  means  of  a  speculum  uteri,  made  of  glass, 
and  constructed  by  M.  Guilbert.  Six  leeches,  thus 
applied,  produce  more  relief  than  double  or  triple  the 
number  placed  on  the  external  parts.  The  punc- 
ture they  make  is  much  less  painful  than  might  be 
imagined,  and  the  blood  flows  from  it  longer,  and 
more  abundantly,  than  from  that  made  by  those  ani- 
mals in  the  skin,  or  mucous  membrane.  This  is 
a  circumstance  to  which  regard  should  be  paid,  as 
to  the  number  of  leeches,  and  the  attention  required 
after  they  drop  off. 

M.  Guilbert,  by  this  method,  has  obtained  un- 
hoped for  success  in  women  suffering  from  chronic 
obstructions  of  the  uterus,  and  he  thinks  that  it 
would  not  be  less  useful  in  acute  inflammations  of 
that  organ,  and  in  cases  where  it  is  proper  to  solicit 
a  flow  of  the  fluids  towards  the  uterus,  as  in  amenor- 
rhoea,  &c.  In  1818,  M.  Guilbert  communicated  to 
the  Society  of  the  School  of  Medicine  the  first  re- 
sults of  his  practice.  Since  that  time,  he  has  ac- 
quired many  additional  facts,  which  he  has  made 
known  in  a  memoir  published  on  this  subject. 

Tincture  of  Anise  and  Ipecacuan — (M.  ALIBERT.) 

Pulveris  Ipecacuanhas 3  i. 

Spiritus  Anisi g  ii. 

The  ipecacuan  is  digested  in  the  spirit  of  anise, 
and  a  little  sugar,  or  sirup  of  capillaire,  is  after- 
wards added.     The  dose  is  from  one  to  two  ounce?. 
It  is  convenient  as  an  emetic  to  children. 
17* 


198  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES* 

Fowler's  Solution  ,  (St.  Louis.) 


Pulv.  Protoxidi  Arsenici  ----  >  —        ,  -  , 


----  >  — 
Proto-carbonatis  Potassae  .  .  .  \  a  a 


Aquie  distillatsB  ..................  ffe  fs. 

Digest  in  a  sand  bath  till  the  oxide  be  dissolved. 
When  cold,  add  half  an  ounce  of  the  spirit  of  la- 
vender, and  as  much'water  as  to  make  an  exact 
pound. 

Fowler's  solution  is  one  of  the  most  powerful  pre- 
parations, and  in  imprudent  hands,  one  of  the  most 
dangerous  :  but  when  judiciously  employed,  the 
most  useful  results  may  be  obtained  from  it  in  the 
treatment  of  cutaneous  diseases.  We  have  seen  in- 
veterate herpetic  affections,  that  had  resisted  other 
remedies  for  several  years,  yield  to  the  arsenical  so- 
lution. The  dose  of  this  solution  should  never  ex- 
ceed twenty  drops  a-day  :  some  have  wished  to  ex- 
tend it  as  far  as  sixty  ;  but,  besides  that  very  few 
patients  can  bear  that  quantity,  we  find  it  often  pro- 
ducing inflammation  of  the  stomach  and  bowels,  and 
an  obvious  irritation  of  the  thoracic  viscera.  B)~ 
moderate  doses,  on  the  contrary,  we  escape  these 
evils.  The  use  of  Fowler's  solution,  like  that  of  all 
other  active  remedies  in  general,  ought  to  be  sus- 
pended from  time  to  time.  It  has  'been  employed  in 
France  by  several  practitioners  in  intermittent  fevers, 
&c.  with  very  different  results.  I  am  the  first,  I 
believe,  to  have  introduced  it,  at  least  in  the  Hospi- 
tal of  Saint  Louis,  in  the  treatment  of  diseases  of 
the  skin.  —  (JVbte  by  M.  Biett.) 

Pearson's  Solution,  (St.  Louis.) 

Arseniatis  Sodse  .............  gr.  iv. 

Aquffi  distillate  ..............  3  iv. 

Solve  arseniatem  potassae  in  aqua  distillata.  ef,  in 
vase  vitreo  bene  obturate,  servetur. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  19& 

This  solution,  employed  in  several  of  the  London 
hospitals,  and  in  France  by  Professor  Fodere,  in  the 
treatment  of  intermittent  fever,  was  introduced  in- 
to the  Hospital  of  Saint  Louis  at  my  return  from 
England,  in  1817.  I  prefer  it  to  Fowler's  solution, 
in  the  squamous  variety  of  herpes,  and  in  the  pru- 
rigo  formicans.  It  is  much  more  easy  to  manage 
than  the  last,  and  its  action  is  also  less  marked.  It 
may  be  given  in  the  dose  of  a  scruple  a-day,  and 
increased  to  half  a  drachm,  which  will  amount  to 
t^e  sixteenth  of  a  grain.  This  quantity  can  be  di- 
vided into  two  doses  for  individuals  who  are  weak. 
by  M.  Bieit.) 


Solution  of  the  Arseniate  of  Ammonia,  (St.  Louis.) 

Arseniatis  Ammoniae  ........  gr.  viii. 

Aquae  distillate  .  ............  Jfe  fs. 

Solve  in  aqua,  et  liquori  adde, 

Spiritus  Angelicas  .  .  ..........  3  fs. 

As  far  as  I  have  been  able  to  assure  myself  by 
inquiry,  the  arseniate  of  ammonia  had  not  been 
employed  when  I  made  some  experiments  of  it  at 
the  Hospital  of  Saint  Louis,  in  1818.  Since  then, 
it  has  been  introduced  into  Germany  by  Dr.  Mi- 
ehaelis,  and  by  some  other  gentlemen  who  attend- 
ed my  clinical  experiments.  This  salt,  which  I 
have  administered  to  more  than  sixty  individuals, 
appears  to  me  to  approach  nearly  the  arseniate 
of  soda.  It  is  very  efficacious  in  some  varieties  of 
herpes,  not  accompanied  with  much  inflammation. 
Like  all  other  arsenical  preparations,  this  solution 
should  be  administered  with  caution.  In  suspend- 
ing its  use,  we  should  not  wait  till  all  the  symp- 
toms of  gastric  irritation  are  manifested  ;  it  is  suf- 
ficient, if  there  be  thirst  and  slight  nausea,  to  dis- 
continue the  medicine,  which  ought  not  to  be  again 
exhibited  till  every  trace  of  irritation  has  disap- 
cared.  —  (JVbte  by  M,  Biett.} 


UOO  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES* 

On  the  Employment  of  Tartar  Emetic  in  large 
Doses,  in  different  Affections. 

When  the  first  edition  of  this  work  appeared, 
this  mode  of  using  the  tartrate  of  antimony  was 
scarcely  introduced  into  France.  Since  that  time, 
it  has  been  practised  by  many  with  extraordinary 
success  ;  and  we  cannot,  perhaps,  afford  the  reader 
a  more  exact  idea  of  the  practice,  than  by  present- 
ing him  with  the  notes  communicated  to  us  by 
Professor  Laennec. 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  vi. 

Infusi  Florum  Aurantii Jfe  i. 

Syrupi  Simplicis 3  ii. 

A  sixth  part  of  this  (half  a  glassful)  is  to  be  given 
every  tv/o  hours,  during  the  day  omy.  If  the  pa- 
tient bear  the  medicine  well,  and  if  the  malady  be  se- 
vere, the  dose  is  increased  three  grains  every  day, 
and  continued,  without  interruption,  during  the 
night. 

This  method  is  applicable  to  the  treatment  of  a 
great  number  of  inflammatory  diseases,  or  of  acute 
serous  effusions.  M.  Laennec  does  not  regard  it, 
with  Rasori,  as  a  contra-stimulant  or  debilitant, 
suitable  in  all  cases  where  there  is  hypersthenia, 
excess  of  forces,  or  stimulus ;  still  less  as  an  anti- 
phlogistic, applicable  in  all  inflammations.  Expe- 
rience has  proved  to  him  that  it  has  no  efficacy,  or 
cannot  be  supported,  in  some  of  these  cases,  though 
it  is  admissible  in  the  majority,  and  also  that  it  is 
useful  in  several  cases  of  a  different  nature. 

The  only  immediate  and  constant  effect  he  has 
observed,  is  the  rapid  absorption  of  the  serous  or 
purulent  effusions,  and  the  resolution  of  the  in- 
flammation. It  does  not,  in  general,  occasion  any 
evacuation.  These  effects  are  never  surer  than 
when  the  patients  have  neither  vomiting  nor  al- 
vine  dejections,  though  they  sometimes  are  not  in- 


PARTICULAR  REMHDIES.  201 

terrupted,  even  when  the  evacuations  are  abun- 
dant. It  is  somewhat  marvellous,  that  we  can 
check  these  evacuations  by  increasing  the  dose  of 
the  tartrate,  which,  however,  may  be  better  accom- 
plished by  combining  it  with  opium.  Cinchona 
does  not  neutralize  its  action. 

The  diseases  in  which  the  success  of  this  remedy 
appears  most  striking  are  acute  rheumatism,  in 
which,  without  any  recourse  to  blood-letting,  we 
obtain  a  cure  as  rapid  as  it  is  certain.  The  medium 
duration  of  the  treatment  is  from  two  to  eight  days. 

Peripneumony. — Two  or  three  bleedings  are  di- 
rected at  the  commencement.  The  tartras  anti- 
monii  is  then  administered,  which  often,  in  twen- 
ty-four hours,  arrests  in  a  sensible  manner  the  pro- 
gress of  the  disease,  of  which  it  is  easy  to  be  con- 
Tkiced  by  the  application  of  the  cylinder.  The 
same  result  is  observed  in  acute  catarrh,  and  acute 
oedema  of  the  lungs. 

Pleuritu. — As  in  the  preceding  affection,  it  is 
necessary  to  premise  general  or  local  blood-letting. 
The  tartar  emetic  has  also  beneficial  effects  when 
given  at  the  commencement  of  the  disease,  produc- 
ing rapidly  the  absorption  of  the  effused  fluid. 
When  the  fever  is  already  reduced,  this  absorption 
is  less  rapid,  although  the  medicine  may  be  sup- 
ported well,  and  for  a  long  time. 

Redness  of  the  tongue,  sensibility  of  the  epigas- 
trium, and  other  signs  of  inflammation  of  the  sto- 
mach, do  not  deter  M.  Laennec  from  its  use,  in  the 
case  of  severe  rheumatism,  or  peripneumonia.  Un- 
der the  influence  of  this  treatment,  the  tongue  be- 
comes pale,  the  pain  of  the  epigastrium  subsides, 
and,  in  a  word,  all  the  symptoms  of  irritation  com- 
pletely disappear. 

Hydrocephalus  has  several  times  yielded  to  the 
same  treatment  so  quickly,  that  the  progress  to- 

wardsrecovery  ha,s  been  evident  in   not    many 


202  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

hours.  Cures  have  been  effected  in  three  days; 
but  results  so  advantageous,  it  must  be  confessed, 
are  rare,  especially  when  the  disease  has  assumed 
the  chronic  form. 

in  Apoplexy,  we  commence  usually  with  a  lar- 
ger dose  Some  patients  support  it  to  the  extent  of 
a  drachm  a  day  ;  the  majority  to  the  extent  of 
twenty-four  grains,  and  that  continued  for  a  month. 
There  have  been,  however,  few  examples  of  speedy 
and  complete  recovery. 

M.  Laennec  does  not  agree  with  Rasori,  in  rank- 
ing the  kermes  and  golden  sulphur  of  antimony  as 
equivalents  to  the  tartar  emetic.  They  have  been 
given,  in  some  instances,  to  the  extent  of  thirty 
grains,  but  without  producing  any  marked  effects. 

When  thetartrate  of  antimony  cannot  be  adminis- 
tered in  pneumonia  and  rheumatism,  which  is 
rare,  M.  Laennec  prefers  the  white  oxide  of  anti- 
mony, (diaphoretic  antimony.)  He  commences 
with  thirty-six  or  forty-eight  grains,  increasing  it 
in  three  or  four  days  to  a  drachm  and  a  half  He 
has  never  found  it  to  act  as  an  emetic,  though 
slightly,  sometimes,  as  a  purgative. — (Note  com- 
municated by  Jfef,  Laennec.) 

Of  the  above  practice  numerous  trials  have  been 
more  recently  made  by  physicians  of  different 
hospitals.  Some  speak  of  it  with  enthusiasm,  but 
the  majority  look  upon  the  large  doses  of  the  tar- 
trate  of  antimony  as  more  than  doubtful  in  their 
results.  They  agree  generally  on  this  point,  viz., 
that  the  cases  where  it  appeared  to  have  a  salutary 
effect,  were  those  in  which  it  had  determined  free 
evacuations.  In  those  where  it  had  not  this  action 
the  disease  has  been  very  seldom  seen  to  ma.ke  any 
sensible  progress  towards  a  cure.* 


*  For  farther  details,  the  reader  may  consult  M.  Ratier's  "  Coup 
d'&il  iiir  lescliniques  medicales." — (I  vol.  oct.  Bailliere.) — TV. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES'.  203 

Treatment  of  Colica  Pictonum,  (called  Traitement 
des  Peres  de  la  Charite,) 

The  first  day  the  following  purgative  enema  is 
given : 

Fol.  Sennas g  fs. 

Aquae fe  i. 

Decoque,  et  liquori  colati,  adde, 

Sulphatis  Sodae g  fs. 

*Vini  Tartrat.  Antimon g  iv. 

During  the  day,  the  patient  takes  as  a  drink. 

Aquas  Lauri  Cassiae ft,  ii. 

Sulphatis  Magnesia? g  i. 

Tartratis  Antimonii gr.  lij 

To.  which  is  sometimes  added, 

Syrupi  Rhamni g  i. 

At  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  the  following  ano- 
dyne enema  is  administered : — 

Olei  Amygdali  Communis g  vi. 

Vini  Rubri g  xii. 

(    And  at  eight,  the  following  bolus : — 

Theriacge . . . 31. 

Opii ' gr.  i. 

The  second  day  are  given,  in  two  doses,  as  an 
emetic,  six  grains  of  the  tartrate  of  antimony,  dissol- 
ved in  an  ounce  of  tepid  water.  When  the  vomiting 
has  ceased,  the  patient  takes,  for  the  rest  of  the  day, 
the  sudorific  tisane. 

Ligni  Guaiaci 

Smilacis  Chinse 

Sarsaparillre .... 

Aquae fe  ii. 


-•  >^3i- 


*Vini  Albi  Opt.     . Ib.ih 

Tartrat.  Antimon.  et,  Potass.    .    .      3  fs- 


204  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES, 

Decoque  ad  dimidiate,  et  adde, 

Sassafras J  i. 

Glycyrrhizse 3  fs. 

Decoque  iter'um,  et  coJa. 

In  the  evening,  the  anodyne  enema  and  opiate  bo- 
lus are  administered. 
The  third  day  is  prescribed, 

Decocti  Diaphoratici  Simp ffe  ii. 

Senna? 31. 

Decoque,  et  cola. 

At  four  o'clock,  P.  M.,  the  purgative  enema.  At 
six,  the  anodyne  enema.  At  eight,  the  opiate  bolus. 

The  fourth  day,  the  following  purgative  'mixture 
is  ordered : — 

Infusi  Sennae 3  vi. 

Sulphatis  Sodae 3  fs. 

Pulveris  Jalaptse , 3  i. 

Syrupi  Rhamni . .   .    3  i. 

During  the  day,  the  sudorific  tisane.  In  the  even- 
ing, the  anodyne  enema  and  opiate  bolus. 

The  fifth,  the  sudorific  decoction,  with  the  senna, 
and,  in  the  evening,  the  anodyne  enema  and  opiate 
bolus.  Such  is  the  treatment,  which,  notwithstand- 
ing some  singularities,  has  been  so  successful,  that 
several  practitioners  still  scrupulously  adhere  to  it. 
It  is  followed  by  M.  Lerminier,  at  the  Hospital  of 
La  Charite,  where  most  of  the  uatients  affected  \vitli 
colica  pictonum  come  to  seek  relief.  With  some 
modifications,  it  is  also  adopted  by  M.  Fouquier, 
who,  considering  the  chief  indication  to  be  the  free 
evacuation  of  the  bowels,  omits,  in  his  treatment,  the 
anodyne  enema  and  opiate  bolus.  He  regards  the 
means  which  overcome  the  constipation,  as  the  only 
remedy  for  the  severe  pain  which  the  patients  expe- 
rience. This  simple  theory  has  been  also  adopted 


PABTICULAR  REMEDIES.  205 

by  M.  Kapeler,  of  the  Hospital  of  St  Antoine,  who, 
instead  of  narcotics,  has  recourse,  in  the  first  in- 
stance., to  purgatives  and  emetics. 

Treat.ment  of  Cotica  Picftmum. — (M.  HA* ftUE.) 
This  method  of  treatment,  which  has  been  adopt- 
ed in  some  hospitals,  and  favourably  reported,  con- 
sists of  external  applications  to  the  abdomen  and 
loins,  of  frictions  OD  the  parts  affected  with  pain,  of 
enematau  and  antispasmodic  mixtures. 

Emplast.  Lvtharg.  Comp.  2 -    - 

C'onii  Mfcxulat  .  {••**-* 

Theriacae 3  fs. 

Camphors 3  i, 

Sulphuris  Sublimati 3  is. 

These  ingredients  are  amalgamated  by  the  heat 
of  a  gentle  fire,  and  the  mass  spread  on  a  piece  of 
leather  or  linen,  sufficient  to  cov7er  the  whole  abdo- 
men. Before  it  is  applied  it  is  warmed,  and  its  sur- 
face covered  with  the  following  mixture : 

Tartratis  Aaiimcnii 3  i.  fs~ 

Pulv.  Camp  here 3  i. 

Shuphoria  Sobiirnati 3  fe. 

Over  the  lumbar  vertebrsp,  the  same  plaster  is  ap- 
pliad,  with  two  drachms  of  powdered  camphor 
•prinkled  on  its  surface. 

Aq\iEp  distillat.  Laurocerasi 5  ii. 

^Etheris  Sulphurici 3  L 

Extract!  Belladonna? ...  9  ii, 

A  table-spoonful  of  this  liniment  is  used  for  a  fric- 
tion. 

Tinct  JStherea?  Belladonna*,  .gr  xx. 

O).  <  Amygdal.  Com 3  iv. 

Decocti  Lini ....  T. g  \iii. 

Pro  enemata. 


Tbe  ether,  digested  torn*  time  en  the  powder  of  bellaoonna, 
IS 


206  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES* 

Antispasmodic  Mixture. 

Aquae  Tiliae g  ii. 

Tinct.  ^Etherese  Belladonna . .  gtt.  xx. 
Syrupi  Amygdalarum g  fs. 

When  tlie  abdomen  is  very  sensible  to  the  touch., 
a  half  bath  is  first  directed,  after  which  the  plaster 
is  applied  to  the  abdomen  and  lumbar  region.  The 
frictions,  with  the  liniment,  are  used  three  times  a- 
day  to  the  forehead,  temples,  neck,  and  extremities. 
The  enema  is  administered  once  or  twice  a-day,  ac- 
cording to  the  intensity  of  the  pain,  or  the  degree 
of  constipation.  Of  the  antispasmodic  mixture  a 
spoonful  is  given  in  the  violent  paroxysms  of  pain. 
The  patient  is  restricted  to  a  low  diet,  and  as  a  drink 
makes  use  of  gum  or  barley  water. 

On  the  third  day,  if  there  be  no  longer  any  colic, 
the  plaster  is  removed,  and  its  place  supplied  by 
flannels  wrung  out  of  warm  emollient  decoction. 
Some  light  nourishment  is  then  also  allowed.  On 
the  fourth  day,  the  enemata  and  frictions  are  admi- 
nistered, if  the  constipation  and  pains  of  the  limbs 
still  continue.  If  there  has  been  little  abatement  of 
the  pains,  which  is  rarely  the  case,  it  becomes  ne- 
cessary to  apply  the  scarificator  and  cupping  glass 
to  the  abdomen,  and  replace  the  plaster,  with  an  ad- 
ditional quantity  of  the  tartar  emetic.  To  assist  the 
return  of  the  appetite,  an  aromatic  infusion  with 
milk  is  sometimes  allowed. 

If  the  pain  of  the  knees,  soles  of  the  feet,  &c.  re- 
main after  the  abdominal  pain  is  subdued,  instead  of 
the  liniment,  the  plaster,  with  the  tartrate  of  anti- 
mony, is  applied  to  the  parts  where  the  pain  may  be 
seated. 

extracts  from  that  plant  a  portion  of.  its  narcotic  property.    The  fol- 
lowing is  the  formula  for  its  preparation  : 

Pulv  Fel.  Belladonna?      ...;.§  i. 

Athens  Sulphurici  (66°) %ijj. 

Macerate  for  three  days. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  207 

On  the  Employment  of  the  Oleum  Terbinthince  in  the 
Treatment  of  Neuralgia. — (M.  RECAMIEJI.) 

The  oil  of  turpentine  appears  in  these  affections 
to  have  a  specific  action,  of  which  it  is  not  easy  to 
give  a  satisfactory  explanation.  Its  immediate  ef- 
lect  is  to  produce  in  the  organs  of  digestion,  and 
long  the  course  of  the  affected  nerve,  a  considerable 
degree  of  heat,  which  is  soon  after  followed  by  a 
cessation  of  pain.  Its  efficacy  is  more  apparent  the 
more  acute  the  form  under  which  the  malady  is  pre- 
sented. During  the  use  of  the  remedy,  symptoms 
of  gastrointestinal  irritation  sometimes  arise ;  they 
are  generally  slight,  and,  in  the  majority  of  cases, 
do  not  occur  at  all. 

The  turpentine  is  usually  given  combined  with 
the  honey  of  roses,  in  the  following  proportions : 

Olei  Terebinthinas 3  ii. 

Mellis  Rosarum 3  iv. 

Three  spoonfuls  of  this  mixture  are  taken  daily, 

Such  is  the  common  formula ;  but  often,  on  ac- 
count of  its  unpleasant  taste,  it  cannot  be  taken  by 
the  patient,  or  is  rejected  by  the  stomach;  in  this 
^ase,  the  following  preparations  are  substituted: 

Vitellum  unius  Ovi 

Olei  Terebinthinse 3  iii. 

Syrupi  Menthae 3  ii. 

Plorum  Aurantii 3  i. 

Athens  Sulphurici 3  i. 

Tinct.  Canellse  Albse   3  fs. 

The  dose  is  three  spoonfuls  a-day. 
To  this  mixture  a  drachm  of  laudanum  is  some- 
times  added,  to  prevent  vomiting. 

Olei  Terebintlrinae 3  ii. 

Pulv.  Gummi  Arabici 3  i.  fs. 

Sacchari  purificati g  fs, 

Syrupi  Florum  Aurant.  , ,  .3  u 


208  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

The  third  of  this  mixture  is  taken  daily,  in  threet 
portions. 

When  by  these  preparations  we  do  not  succeed  in 
enabling  the  patient  to  continue  the  internal  admi- 
nistration of  the  turpentine,  it  is  then  employed  in 
frictions,  combined  with  the  liquid  laudanum  of  Sy- 
denham. 

Turpentine  Liniment. 

Olei  Anthemidis  Nob 3  ii. 

Terebinthinae 3  i. 

Vini  Opii  Comp 3  i. 

In  the  case  of  neuralgia  of  the  lumbar  nerves,  the 
turpentine  may  be  employed  with  advantage  in  ene- 
ma. 

Turpentine  Enema. 

Olei  Terebinthinse g  i- 

Vitellum  unius  ovi 

Decocti  Papaveris fe  fs. 

(Extract  from  the  Memoir  of  Dr.  Martinet.) 
Opiated  Aniimonial  Mixture. — (Dr.  PEYSSON.} 

Aquae  Fontanae 3  viii. 

Tartratis  Antimonii ....    gr.  i. 

Syrupi  Papaveris  Som 3  *• 

Gummi  Tragacanthse   9  i. 

Aqua?  Florum  Aurant 3  ii. 

The  sirup  of  poppies  may  be  replaced  by  a  grain 
of  the  aqueous  extract  of  opium,  or  eighteen  drops 
of  laudanum. 

This  mixture  is  employed  with  much  success  in 
the  treatment  of  intermittent  fevers,  which  it 'has 
not  unfrequently  overcome,  after  the  cinchona  had 
failed. 

It  is  administered  during  the  paroxysms,  one 
spoonful  being  taken  the  first  hour,  two  the  second, 
three  the  third,  &c.,  and  suspending  it  for  two  hours 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

alter  the  patient's  repast ;  or,  instead  of  increasing' 
the  number  of  spoonfuls,  they  may  be  given  moro 
frequently,  as  one  every  half  hour.  The  remedy 
should  not  act  in  a  very  perceptible  manner.  If  the 
patient  be  harassed  with  nausea,  vomiting,  or  diar- 
rhoea, the  doses  ought  to  be  diminished. 

(Extract  from  the  Memoir  of  M.  Peysson.) 

PillsofNuz  Fb?mca,(LaCharite. — M.  FOUQUIER.) 

Extracti  Alcoholici  Nucis  Vomicse*.  .3  i. 

Divide  in  pilulas  triginta  sex. 

The  nux  vomica,  the  physiological  properties  of 
which  had  been  established  by  MM.  Magendie  and 
Delille,  has  been  specially  applied  by  M.  Fouquier 
to  the  treatment  of  paralysis.  He  employs  it  gene- 
rally in  the  case  where  that  disease  appears  inde- 
pendent of  any  local  affection  of  the  brain  or  spinal 
marrow.  He  gives  it  in  the  form  of  pill,  consisting 
of  two  grains  each.  The  dose  is  two  pills  daily 
from  the  commencement,  and  gradually  increased 
to  ten  or  twelve,  a  number  very  rarely  exceeded. 

The  constant  effect  of  this  substance  is  to  pro- 
duce, first  in  the  paralysed  parts,  and  afterwards  in 
the  rest  of  the  body,  a  succession  of  shocks,  or  con- 
tractions, similar  to  those  occasioned  by  galvanism. 
They  continue  for  a  longer  or  shorter  period  after 
each  dose,  an-d  are  then  succeeded  by  a  state  of 
quietude. 


*  There  are  several  processes  for  preparing  this  extract.  The 
following,  inserted  iu  the  Codex  J\[tdicamcntariust  has  appeared  to 
M.  Fouquier  to  merit  the  preference: — 

Seminum  Nucis  Vomica?    ....       12. 

Alcoholis  (32°) q.  s. 

Digest  the  nuts  in  the  alcohol,  which  is  to  be  renewed  until  it  receive 
neither  colour  nor  odour.  Mix  the  different  tinctures,  and  filter 
through  paper.  Distil  and  reduce  to  a  fifth,  which  is  to  be  evapora- 
ted, by  the  heat  of  a  water  baih,  to  a  consistence  necessary  for  form- 
ing ptlls.  The  extract  thus  obtained  equals  a  twelfth  of  the  nuts  env 
pJoyed.  For  this  extract,  M.  Magendie  recommends  alcohol  at  40?. 
18* 


210  PARTICULAR  REMEDIED 

The  nux  vomica  has  been  employed  in  several 
of  the  hospitals,  but  in  a  manner  which  seems  to 
account  for  the  failure  of  its  effect.  It  has  been 
administered  in  one  dose,  so  that  the  patients  have 
received  a  violent  shock,  and  only  one  each  day. 
M.  Fouquier,  on  the  other  hand,  thinks  that  the 
doses  should  be  divided,  in  order  that  the  action  of 
the  medicine  may  be  several  times  repeated  in  the 
twenty-four  hours,  and  be  limited  chiefly  to  the  parts 
affected. 

Along  with  this  substance,  he  directs  the  use  of 
laxatives  to  obviate  constipation,  and  he  observes 
carefully  the  state  of  the  brain,  in  order  to  suspend 
the  use  of  the  remedy  whenever  any  symptoms  of 
congestion  appear. 

On  the  Employment  of  Strychnine. 

Strychnine,  an  alkaline  vegetable  substance,  dis- 
covered by  MM.  Pelletier  and  Caventou  in  the  nux 
vomiea  and  St.  Ignatius's  bean,  proves  to  be  the 
active  principle  of  these  plants.  In  the  hospitals, 
it  has  been  tried  by  several  individuals  against  pa- 
ralysis. I  have  had  occasion  to  see  it  administered 
to  a  young  man  affected  with  paralysis,  in  pills  con- 
taining each  a  quarter  of  a  grain.  In  the  dose  of* 
grain  and  a  half,  it  occasioned,  but  in  a  more  con- 
siderable  degree,  the  phenomena  proper  to  the  nyx 
vomica,  viz.  a  general  tetanic  rigidity,  with  twitch* 
ings,  which  supervened  every  two  or  three  minutes. 
These  effects,  which  at  first  had  alarmed  the  patient 
and  assistants,  terminated  gradually  in  about  three 
or  four  hours,  and  without  any  troublesome  conse- 
quence. M.  Magendie  recommends  the  following- 
preparations  : — 

Pills  of  Strychnine. 

Strychnia  purse gr.  ii. 

Conserves  Rosas 3  fs. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  211 

£ubige  in  massam,in  pilulas  viginti  quatuor  eequa- 
les.  dividendam. 

Tincture  of  Strychnine , 

Strychnia? gr.  iij. 

Alcoholis  (360) 3  i. 

Prom  six  to  twenty  drops  of  this  tincture  is  given 
in  mixtures,  or  simple  drinks. 

Aqua?  distillates g  ii. 

Strychnia? gr.  i. 

Sacchari  Albi 3  ii. 

On  the  Employment  of  Brucine, 
This  substance,  discovered  by  Pelletier  and  Ca- 
ventou,  in  the  bark  of  the  false  angustura,  (brucea 
dysenterica,)  is  analogous  in  its  action  to  strychnine, 
but  is  much  less  energetic.  It  has  been  employed 
in  various  hospitals,  more  especially  at  La  Charite. 
From  the  experiments  of  M.  Andral,  junior,  it 
would  seem  that  six  grains  of  brucine  are  equiva- 
lent to  one  grain  of  the  impure,  or  to  a  quarter  of  a 
grain  of  the  pure  strychnine. 

It  forms  salts  with  the  sulphuric,  phosphoric,  and 
hydro- chloric  acids,  and  may  be  employed  in  the 
same  cases  to  which  strychnine  is  applicable.  Gfcod 
effects  have  been  obtained  from  it  in  paralysis. 

Salts  of  Morphine. 

Of  these  preparations,  the  acetate  and  the  sul- 
phate of  morphine  have  hitherto  obtained  the  pre- 
ference. Their  proportion,  in  respect  to  the  extract 
of  opium,  is  a  quarter  of  a  grain  for  a  grain.  M. 
Magendie  recommends  the  sirups  of  these  salts, — 
four  grains  of  the  salt  to  a  pound  of  sirup.  He 
gives  the  following  preparation  as  a  fit  substitute 
for  the  tincture  of  opium,  &c. 

Acetatis  Morphiae gr.  xvi. 

Aquae  distillate ,.     g  i. 

Alcoholis 3  i. 

Acidi  Acetici gU.  iv 


2lX  PARTICULAR 

The  do.v-r  ofthpse  drops  is  from  six  to  twenty-lour 
in  a  day. 

Ertetine. 

This  principle,  extracted  from  dilTerent  species  of 
ipecacuanha,  presents  a  great  advantage  in  practice, 
inasmuch  as  we  are  always  sure  of  the  quantity  ot 
active  substance  we  administer.  It  is  now,  there- 
fore, generally  used  instead  of  the  ipecacuan. 

Two  species  of  emetine  have  been  distinguished, 
the  one  coloured,  the  other  pure.  The  latter  is  the 
more  active,  and  is  more  employed.  One  grain  ie 
sufficient  to  excite  vomiting. 

Its  action  is  to  that  of  the  coloured  emetine  as 
four  to  one.  In  prescribing  emetine,  it  should  be 
recollected  that  it  is  little  soluble  in  water,  and  when 
we  wish  to  give  it  in  an  aqueous  vehicle,  it  should, 
therefore,  be  previously  dissolved  in  a  little  acetic  or 
sulphuric  acid. 

Emetine  is  administered  under  the  form  of  sirup 
and  of  pastilles.  M.  Magendie  has  proposed  emetic 
pastilles  as  a  convenient  form  for  children,  who  can- 
not be  made,  without  difficulty,  to  swallow  liquids. 

Sacchari 3  "• 

Emetina  Color at?s gr.  xxxii. 

From  this  are  made  pastilles  of  eighteen  grains, 
one  of  which  suffices  for  children,  and  three  or  four 
for  adults. 

Pectoral  Pastilles  of  Emetine. 

Sacchari 3  1V.- 

Ematinse  Colorat® gr.  xxxii. 

For  pastilles  of  nine  grains.     One  is  given  every 
hour.     If  more  frequently,  nausea  will  be  excited. 
Sirup  of  Emetine. 

Syrupi  Simplicis ft  ]• 

Emetinse  Coloratae gr-  xvi. 

(Formulary  of  M. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

Preparations  of  Quinine. 

Without  entering  into  any  detail  of  the  various 
preparations  of  cinchona,  made  with  a  view  to  render 
it  at  once  more  powerful,  and  more  easily  supporta- 
ble, it  may  be  remarked,  that  unpleasant  effects  had 
been  often  observed  from  that  substance,  adminis- 
tered in  the  form  of  powder,  and  that  many  for  a 
long  time  had  preferred  the  aqueous  or  vinous  infu- 
sions, the  decoctions  and  extracts,  as  less  fatiguing 
to  the  stomach. 

More  recently,  a  peculiar  substance,  discovered 
in  the  cinchona,  came  to  fix  the  attention  of  physi- 
cians, and  the  beneficial  results  that  have  been 
obtained  from  its  use  have  caused  it  to  be  very 
eagerly  adopted.  Quinine,  cinchonine,  and  the  salts 
formed  by  the  combination  of  some  acids  with  these 
bases,  have  been  substituted,  in  the  majority  of 
cases,  for  the  preparations  of  cinchona  hitherto  in 
use. 

The  sulphate  of  quinine,  employed  first  at  the 
Hospital  of  La  Charite  by  M.  Chomel,  is  now  com- 
mon both  in  hospital  and  in  general  practice.  The 
dose  of  this  salt,  which  is  administered  in  pills,  or 
better,  dissolved  in  some  aqueous  vehicle,  is  from 
six  to  twenty-four  grains,  during  the  apyrexia. 
When  given  in  draught  or  mixture,  one  or  two 
drops  of  sulphuric  acid  should  be  added,  to  render  it 
completely  soluble.  To  prevent  the  return  of  the 
fever,  after  its  suspension,  the  medicine  should  be 
continued  for  several  days,  at  the  usual  hours  of  the 
paroxysm. 

M.  Magendie  is  of  opinion,  that  there  are  few 
cases  where  it  is  necessary  to  give  more  than  ten 
grains  in  twenty-four  hours,  and  he  has  seen  the 
cure  of  fevers  effected  by  three  or  four  grains. 
M.  Menard  thinks  that  six  grains  are,  in  general, 
sufficient. 


214  PARTICULAR   REMEDIES. 

With  the  sulphate  of  quinine  a  sirup  is  prepared, 
after  the  formula  of  M.  Magendie. 

Sirup  of  Quinine. 

Syrupi  Simplicis $5  ij. 

Sulphatis  Quinise gr.  Ixiv. 

Substituted  with  success  in  all  the  cases  where 
the  sirup  of  cinchona  is  usually  prescribed,  and 
especially  in  the  scrofulous  affections  of  children. 
It  is  given  by  spoonfuls,  like  the  sirup  of  cinchona. 

The  sulphate  of  cinchonine  has  been  equally 
tried  by  M.  Chomel,  to  whom  it  offered  analogous 
results.  The  doses  are  the  same,  and  it  is  adminis- 
tered in  the  same  manner.  Being  scarcer  than  the 
sulphate  of  quinine,  the  latter  has  the  preference  in 
practice. 

The  sulphate  of  quinine  is  often  adulterated  with 
the  sulphate  of  lime.  To  detect  this  fraud,  it  is 
sufficient  often  to  taste  the  salt.  When  pure,  the 
bitter  and  astringent  taste  is  immediately  perceived. 
The  adulteration,  however,  can  be  more  easily  dis- 
covered by  dissolving  the  salt  in  alcohol ;  the  sul- 
phate of  lime,  not  being  soluble  in  that  menstruum, 
is  precipitated. 

With  the  sulphate  of  quinine  are  prepared  a  wine 
and  alcoholic  tincture,  which  stand  as  perfect  sub- 
stitutes for  those  made  with  the  Peruvian  bark, 

Wine  of  Quinine. 

Vini  albi  Madeirensis |fe  ij. 

Sulphatis  Quinias gr.  xii. 

Febrifuge,  and  powerfully  tonic. 

Tincture  of  Quinine. 

Sulphatis  Quinise 9  iv. 

Alcoholis(34°) fe   i. 

Two  mmrns  of  this  tincture  is  used  to  a  pint  of 


PARTICULAR   KE3IEDIHS.  215 

wine,  to  prepare  extemporaneously  the  vinum 
quinisB.  It  may  be  added  to  tonic  draughts,  in  the 
dose  of  half  an  ounce  or  more. 

Cinchonine  and  its  preparations  are  regarded  as 
tonic  and  febrifuge,  though  the  second  of  these 
properties  is  not  sufficiently  established.  M.  Ma- 
gendie  thinks  that  farther  experiments  are  neces- 
sary to  ascertain  precisely  the  virtue  of  this  sub- 
stance, found  associated  with  quinine  in  almost  all 
the  cinchonas,  and  alone  in  the  bark  of  Carthagena. 
Cinchonine  may  be  employed  in  its  simple  state,  or 
in  the  form  of  sulphate.  Its  pharmaceutical  prepa- 
rations are  a  sirup,  a  wine,  and  a  tincture,  the  same 
as  those  of  quinine. 

Gentianin. 

This  alkaline  substance,  extracted  from  the  root 
of  gentian,  appears  to  constitute  its  active  part. 
It  is  little  soluble  in  cold  water,  but  dissolves  in 
boiling  water.  The  following  tincture  is  prepared 
from  it : — 

Alcoholis  (24°) 3  i. 

Gentianina3 gr.  v. 

Lupuline.    . 

Analogous  to  the  preceding  substance  is  lupuline, 
the  active  principle  of  the  hop,  and  which  may  be 
employed  in  all  cases  which  claim  the  use  of  this 
vegetable.  It  may  be  administered  in  powder,  or 
in  pills,  or  in  the  form  of  tincture  or  sirup.  M. 
Magendie  has  not  recognised  in  lupuline  the  narco- 
tic property  announced  by  Mr.  Yves  of  New- York. 

Distilled  Water  of  Cherry  Laurel. 
^  This  medicinal  water  has  been  extolled  as  power- 
fully antispasmodic.     Several  individuals,  and  es- 
pecially  M.  Fouquier,  have   tried   it  in  different 
cases  of  nervous  affections,  characterized  by  spasms 


216  PARTICULAR   REMEDIES. 

returning  at  intervals,  and  in  some  of  these  the  use 
of  the  remedy  appeared  to  delay  the  paroxysms. 
The  water  was  at  first  given  in  the  dose  of  a  few 
drachms  diluted  with  four  ounces  of  some  fluid ; 
but,  after  various  trials,  was  at  last  given  pure,  and 
to  the  extent  of  four,  eight,  twelve,  or  even  six- 
teen ounces  in  the  twenty-four  hours,  without  any 
other  symptom  than  slight  irritation  of  the  sto- 
mach. M.  Fouquier,  suspecting  the  quality  of  the 
water,  requested  M.  Henri,  head  of  the  Pharmacie 
Centrale^to  prepare  some  distilled  water  of  double 
strength,  viz.  to  pass  the  same  quantity  of  water 
over  a  double  quantity  of  the  leaves  of  cherry  lau- 
rel, and  the  results  were  very  nearly  the  same. 
M.  Fouquier  thinks  that  it  may  be  administered 
without  danger,  but  he  does  not  acknowledge  it  to 
possess  any  evident  medicinal  property. 

Hydro-cyanic  Jtcid, 

It  was  known  that  the  distilled  water  of  cherry 
laurel  contains  the  hydro- cyanic  acid,  and  this,  in 
the  hope  of  more  complete  success,  led  to  the  ex- 
hibition of  that  acid  in  an  isolated  form.  The 
prussic  acid  is  dangerous,  and  difficult  to  manage, 
since,  changing  by  contact  with  air  and  light,  it 
passes  suddenly  from  a  state  of  the  greatest  ener- 
gy to  one  perfectly  inert.  The  purest  acid  is  that 
which  is  prepared  by  the  process  of  M.  Gay-Lus- 
sac,  but  it  is  not  used  in  medicine  till  suitably  re- 
duced. This  is  done  by  diluting  it  with' six  times 
its  volume,  or  eight  times  its  weight  of  distilled 
water,  and  constitutes  what  M.  Magendie  (Formu- 
laire  des  Nouveaux  Medicamens]  calls  medicinal 
prussic  acid.  In  the  first  trials  made  at  the  Hos- 
pital of  La  Charite,  the  prussic  acid  of  Scheele  was 
employed ;  but,  from  the  uncertainty  of  the  pro- 
cess by  which  it  was  prepared,  it  ought  not  to  be 
considered  as  a  test  of  the  remedy.  M.  Magendie 


rAK'AlOVLAR  KE1VIEDIES.  '*£& 

regards  the  hydro-cyanic  acid  as  a  valuable  medi- 
cine in  affections  of  the  chest,  especially  in  phthisis 
pulmonalis.  He  affirms,  after  numerous  experi- 
ments, that  it  calms  the  cough,  facilitates  expecto 
ration,  and  procures  sleep.  He  gives  it  in  drops  in 
a  gum  mixture  ;  the  usual  dose  is  from  five  to  fif- 
teen or  twenty  drops.  The  following  is  the  for- 
mula which  he  recommends : — 

Infusi  Hederas  terrestris g  iv, 

Acidi  Prussici  Medicinalis . . .  gtt.  xv. 
Syrupi  Gummi  Arab g  i. 

A  spoonful  of  this  mixture  is  taken  every  thre£ 
liours.  It  is  directed  to  be  shaken  when  used,  as, 
without  this  precaution,  the  acid  may  accumulate 
at  the  surface  of  the  liquid,  and  occasion  serious  ac- 
cidents. 

It  has  been  employed  by  M.  Magendie,  and  many 
other  physicians,  in  a  great  number  of  diseases,  par- 
ticularly in  nervous  affections,  and  in  cancer. 

In  his  experiments  on  the  prussic  acid,  M.  Fou- 
quier  has  not  confined  its  exhibition  to  pectoral  affec- 
tions, but  has  extended  it  to  the  class  neuroses,  and 
with  results  too  inconstant  to  permit  him  to  draw 
any  positive  conclusions.  In  several  cases  the 
paroxysms  have  become  less  frequent,  and  have  been 
even  suspended  for  a  considerable  time,  but  it  was 
not  evident  that  these  effects  coujd  be  attributed  to 
the  medicine.  It  has  been  employed  in  epilepsia, 
hysteria,  hypochondriasis,  and  asthma,  in  the  case 
of  subjects  affected  with  neuralgia  and  convulsions, 
but  without  obtaining  those  speedy  and  permanent 
cures  which  unequivocally  attest  the  salutary  power 
of  a  therapeutic  agent.  I  have  seen  him  employ  it 
In  two  instances  of  tetanus,  without  the  slightest  ad- 
vantage; and  though,  in  a  third,  a  recovery  was  ef- 
fected, the  success,  without  it,  might  probably  have 
been  the  same. 

in 


218  PARTICFLAK  REMEDIES, 

Cyanuret  of  Potassium. 

The  extreme  facility  with  which  the  prussic 
is  changed,  renders  its  use  uncertain  and  dangerous, 
MM.  Robiquet  and  Villerme  have,  therefore,  pro- 
posed to  substitute  for  it  the  cyanuret  of  potassium 
in  solution,  (hydro-cyanate.) 

In  employing  it,  the  cyanuret  is  to  be  dissolved  in 
eight  times  its  weight  of  distilled  water.  This  so- 
lution may  be  given  in  the  same  doses  as  the  medici- 
nal prussic  acid.  If  we  use  the  cyanuret  of  potas- 
sium pine,  we  ought  to  commence  with  a  quarter  of 
a  grain. 

Iodine. 

This  substance  has  also  recently  been  introduced 
into  the  materia  medica,  and  recommended  against 
goitre  by  M.  Coindet  of  Geneva.  Its  use  has  since 
been  extended  to  the  treatment  of  scrofula,  and  by 
M.  Biett,  of  the  Hospital  of  St.  Louis,  to  that  of 
herpetic  affections.  M.  Cullerier  employs  it  in  some 
cases  of  chronic  glandular  enlargements  in  subjects 
with  syphilitic  disorder  of  remote  standing.  He 
makes  use  of  ointments  composed  of  the  proto-iodu- 
ret  of  mercury.  M.  Richond  has  given  it  with 
equal  success  internally.  He  exhibits  the  iodine  in 
the  form  of  tincture,  to  the  extent  of  thirty  or  sixty 
drops  a-day,  in  three  or  four  doses,  and  mixed  with 
a  little  water  and  simple  sirup, 

Tincture  of  Iodine. 

Alcoholis  (350) 3  i. 

lodinae ...    , 9  ii. 

Solution  of  Hydriodate  of  Potass. 

Hydriodatis  Potassse 3  fs. 

Aquae  distillates 3  i. 

This  solution  is  still  more  frequently  employed 
than  the  tincture. 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  919 

Ointment  of  Hydriodate  of  Potass. 

Hydriodatis  Potassae g  fs. 

Adipis  prseparatse .  .  > . .  3  i.  fs. 

Applied  by  friction,  morning  and  evening,  to 
goitres  and  scrofulous  tumours. 

The  results  that  have,  been  obtained  from  this 
medicine  are  sufficiently  favourable  to  encourage 
still  farther  trials  of  its  powers.  There  is  one  ne- 
cessary observation  with  respect  to  the  preparation 
of  iodine,  viz.  that  one  drop  of  the  tincture  weighs 
only  two  thirds  of  a  grain,  the  drop  of  the  solution 
of  the  hydriodate  of  potass  weighing  more  than  a 
grain.  If  the  hydriodate  is  ioduretted,  the  drop  may 
weigh  from  a  grain  and  a  half  to  two  grains, 

Nitrate  of  Silver. 

This  salt,  extolled  as  a  remedy  in  epilepsy,  is  con- 
sidered by  M.  Biett  to  merit  the  encomiums  it  has 
received;  while  others,  among  whom  are  MM.  Fou- 
quier  and  Esquirol,  after  repeated  experiments,  have 
pronounced  it  to  be  a  medicine  as  uncertain  as  it  is 
dangerous  in  that  disease.  The  following  Note, 
communicated  tome  by  M.  Esquirol,  will  be  perused 
with  interest:  "The  Salpe'triere,"  says  he,  u con- 
tains upwards  of  400  epileptic  patients,  and  I  have 
employed,  and  unsuccessfully,  all  the  boasted  reme- 
dies against  that  disease.  More  than  twenty  female 
patients,  of  different  ages,  and  offering,  for  the  most 
part,  the  most  favourable  chances  of  cure,  have  made 
use  of  the  nitrate  of  silver  in  vario'us  doses,  from  half 
a  grain  to  eight,  and  even  sixteen  grains  a-day, 
during  several  months,  without  experiencing  the 
slightest  relief.  In  many  of  them  it  produced  very 
severe  gastralgia.  Two  facts  have  not  a  little  con- 
tributed to  make  me  abandon  the  use  of  this  sub- 
stance :  A  young  girl  was  seized  with  jealousy ;  the 
menses  were  suppressed,  and  she  became  epileptic. 


420          .  J'ARTICC'LAK 

She  was  put  under  the  rise  of  the  nitrate  of  siive.r 
for  a  year  without  success.  Soon  afterwards  the 
catamenia  were  re-estabiished,  and  the  epilepsy 
ceased,  and  it  was  noted  as  a  proof  of  the.  good 
effects  of  the  nitrate  of  silver;  hut  she  avowed,  OR 
her  dismissal,  that  she  had  never  taken  a  single 
dose  of  that  medicine,  and  that  the  return  of  the 
menses  Was  owing  to  the  use  she  had  made,  by  the 
advice  of  some  gossip,  of  a  strong  infusion  of  the 
plants  called  emmenagogue.  The  second  case  was 
that  of  a  stout  woman,  who,  before  entering  the 
Salpetriere,  had  taken  the  nitrate  of  silver  in  con- 
siderable doses  during  two  years.  She  was  brought 
to  that  hospital  in  a  state  of  deplorable  cachexy. 
She  vomited  whatever  she  took,  and  suffered  excru- 
ciating pains  of  the  stomach.  She  died,  and  on  ex- 
amination it  was  found  that  the  inferior  half  of  the 
mucous  membrane  of  the  stomach  had  disappeared; 
in  several  points  the  peritoneum  was  sound,  and  in 
four  or  five  others  there  were  perforations. 

"Latterly,  1  have,  with  much  caution,  tried  on 
five  patients  the  muriate  (hydro- chlorate)  of  nilver, 
prepared  by  M.  Pelletier,  but  without  having  ob- 
tained any  positive  result;  I  have  observed,  that 
moral  influences  have  a  power  over  the  brain  of 
epileptics,  sufficient  to  retard  the  paroxysms :  the 
hope  of  cure,  and  confidence  in  a  remedy,  may  pro- 
duce this  effect;  and  thus,  the  first  year  that  I  was 
intrusted  with  the  cure  of  the  epileptics,  the  patients 
having  the  hope  that  I  would  adopt  some  efficacious 
treatment,  the  paroxysms  in  many  of  them  became 
much  less  frequent." 

The  nitrate  of  silver,  it  may  be  said,  is  now  sel- 
dom employed,  the  majority  of  physicians  preferring 
a  treatment,  which,  if  not  more  efficacious,  is  at  least, 
inilder  and  exempt  from  danger. 
Veratrine. 

Vfcfatrine  is  a  sour  alknlin^  substance,  met  with 


REMEDIES.  !32 

in  all  the  plants  of  the  family  of  Veratrmn,  and 
especially  in  the  cevadilla,  colchicinn,  and  white 
hellebore.  On  account  of  its  strongly  purgative 
property,  it  can  with  advaritag-e  be  substituted  for 
these  plants. 

M.  Magendie  has  proposed  different  formulse. 

Pills  of  Veratrine. 

Veratrinae gr.  fs. 

Gummi  Arab,  et  Syrupi q.  s. 

Fiant  Pilule  sex. 

One  of  these  pills  may  be  taken  twice  or  three 
ximes  a-day. 

Tincture  of  Veratrine. 

Veratrinae 3  i. 

Alcoholis 3  iy. 

This  tincture  is  administered  in  the  dose  of  10, 15, 
20,  and  25  drops,  in  a  cupful  of  any  mild  and  simple 
liquid.  It' is  given  with  advantage  in  place  of  the 
tincture  ofcolchicum,in  anasarca,  and  other  varieties 
of  dropsy,  and  is  used  externally  in  frictions,  in  the 
same  diseases,  and  in  gout, 

Solution  of  T^eratrine* 

Sulphatis  Veratrinse gr.  i. 

Aqu«  distiliatse •  •  3  "• 

,  This  solution  is  intended  to  supersede  the  Eau 
Medicinale  d'Husson. 

Ointment  of  Vcratrine. 

Veratrinse gr.  iv. 

Adipis  prseparatse .    . . , g  i. 

This  ointment  may  be  employed  externally  m 
chronic  rheumatism,  anasarca,  and  gout, 
de  M.  Magendie.) 
19* 


P  A  RTIC  I  L  AR 


Henbane  is  one  of  the  poisonous  plants  to  •>• 
many  virtues  have  been  ascribed.  It  has  been  con- 
sidered as  a  narcotic,  and  as  possessing  valuable 
curative  powers,  especially  in  the  treatment  of  the 
heuralgise:  Its  reputation,  however,  has  not  been 
supported  by  success  sufficient  to  prevent  its  being 
questioned,  and  experiments  on  the  use  of  this  plant 
have,  in  consequence,  been  instituted  by  a  number 
of  individuals..  The  latest  are  those  of  Professor 
Fouqnier,  in  whose  labours  I  assisted,  and  the  results 
of  which  are  preserved  in  the  Archives  Generates  de 
Medicine,  for  1823.  According  to  these  researches, 
in  which  were  successively  employed  the  powder 
and  extracts  of  the  hyosciamus  niger  and  H.  albus3 
prepared  with  the  greatest  care,  and  by  various  pro- 
cesses calculated  to  discover  the  active  principle  of 
the  plant,  it  appears  that  the  hyosciamus  offers,  in 
therapeutics,  a  very  slender  resource,  and  one,  be- 
sides, ye'ry  little  to  be  depended  on.  The  physiolo- 
gical effects  observed  on  a  great  number  of  subjects,, 
and  in  the  case  of  myself,  have  not  hitherto  afforded 
any  thing  susceptible  of  a  useful  application.  The 
action  of  this  substance  was  seen  to  be  exerted 
chiefly  on  the  brain  and  nervous  system,  and  to  be 
only  consecutively  manifested  on  the  alimentary 
canal.  Regarded,  however,  as  a  dangerous  medi- 
cine, the  hyosciamus  is  daily  employed  in  very  small 
tloses,  of  which  the  happy  effects  are  afterwards  cir- 


*  M.  Fouquier  has  undertaken  a  series  of  experiments  on  the  poi- 
$onous  plants ;  he  has  administered  alternately  the  powders,  the 
%vatery  and  alcoholic  extracts,  prepared  by  infusion,  macerution,  &c. 
These  different  substances  have  been  given  in  pillsof  from  two  to  six 
grains,  and  always  alone,  from  the  fear  of  attributing  to  them  the 
effects  produced  by  other  medicines  tafon  at  the  same  time.  The 
experiments  hnve  been  varied,  and  made  in  a  number  of  ca.?ef;  which 
necessarily  gives  a  greater  certaintv  to  'he  resnite 


PARTtCtLAR  REMEDIES. 

cuiated.  M.  Fouquier,  on  the  contrary,  prescribes 
it  in  enormous  doses,  (£50  grains  in  24  hours,)  with- 
out being  able  to  observe  any  constant  effect  rela- 
tive to  the  disease  Thus,  in  nervous  affections,  the 
paroxysms  that  had  been  suspended  for  a  considerable 
time,  and  while  the  patients  had  taken  but  a  small 
quantity  of  the  medicine,  have  returned,  during  its 
farther  administration,  in  very  considerable  doses. 
These  facts  have  been  repeatedly  observed.  Of 
the  different  extracts  of  hyosciamus,  none  combines, 
in  a,  small  volume,  the  active  parts  of  the  plant,  so 
well  as  that  of  M.  Planche.  It  is  prepared  as  fol- 
lows :-— « 

Hyosciami  Nigri  siccati. . .  .partem  unam. 
Alcoholis  (22°  Be.) partes  quatuor. 

Macerate  for  four  days,  at  a  temperature  of  20O  R , 
Filter  the  product  of  this  maceration,  and  distil 
to  a  reduction  of  three  quarters.  Evaporate 
the  residue  at  the  same  temperature,  and  the 
result  will  be  an  extract  of  a  line  green  colour, 
possessing  entirely  the  odour  proper  to  the 
plant. 

This  extract  should  not  be  so  largely  adminis- 
tered as  the  others ;  it  cannot,  without  producing 
inconvenient  effects,  be  carried  farther  than  20  or  30 
grains. 

There  has  been  discovered  in  hyosciamus  a  crys- 
tallizable  alkaline  principle,  which  has  been  named 
Hyosciamine,  and  which  may  be  employed  instead 
of  the  extract,  in  a  suitable  proportion. 

Upon  the  whole,  if  any  thing  can  be  expected  from 
this  medicine,  it  will  be  less  from  giving  it  gradually 
in  alterative  doses,  than  in  prescribing  it  at  once,  in 
a  quantity  sufficiently  great  to  produce  some  imnie; 
diate  effect  on  the  svstem, 


2  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

Belladonna. 

The  physiological  effects  which  belladonna  pro- 
duces, uniformly  and  in  a  small  dose,  are  suffi- 
ciently obvious  to  enable  us  to  conceive  the  curatife 
effects  we  are- entitled  to  expect  from  it.  It  excites, 
but  in  a  manner  more  prompt  and  decided  than  the 
other  plants  called  poisonous,  the  series  of  pheno- 
mena which  attest  its  action  on  the  nervous  system. 
It  determines,  especially,  very  rapidly,  the  dilatation 
of  the  pupil,  and  it  is  this  action  which  has  made  it 
of  such  service  in  the  operation  of  cataract.  The 
majority  of  surgeons,  previous  to  this  operation,  ap- 
ply to  the  eyes  a  piece  of  linen  soaked  in  a  solution 
of  the  aqueous  extract  of  belladonna.  The  extract 
is  at  the  same  time  given  internally,  to  prevent  the 
constriction  of  the  pupil,  an  accident,  in  such  cases, 
so  common  and  troublesome.  M,  Dupuytren  has 
rendered  the  specific  action  of  the  belladonna  on  the 
optic  nerves  of  still  farther  advantage  in  the  affec- 
tion known  under  the  name  of  inflammation  of  the 
im,but  which  he  considers  as  belonging  rather  to  the 
retina.  The  treatment  which  he  has  adopted  has 
been  attended  with  success. 

The  belladonna  has  been  extolled  as  a  useful 
remedy  in  the  case  of  spasmodic  cough,  and  par- 
ticularly in  pertussis.  I  have  had  occasion  to  see 
it  often  employed,  and  have  employed  it  myself 
in  that  disease,  and,  I  must  acknowledge,  without 
success.  I  must  also  say,  however,  that,  in  the 
course  of  the  experiments  undertaken  by  M.  Fou- 
quier,  I  have  often  seen  those  affected  with  phthi- 
sis and  chronic  catarrh  experience  sensible  relief, 
especially  with  respect  to  the  frequency  and  in- 
tensity of  the  cough. 

The  belladonna  is  usually  administered  under  the 
form  of  watery  extract,  and  in  pills  from  the  dose 
of  two  to  fifteen  grains?.  We  can  rarely  increase 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  225 

this  quantity  without  occasioning  inconvenience 
to  the  patient. 

In  the  course  of  this  formulary,  we  have  seen 
two  new  applications  of  the  benumbing  property 
of  the  belladonna  on  contractile  organs,  (the  neck 
of  the  uterus,  and  the  muscles  which  surround 
the  urethra.)  Its  application,  perhaps,  might  be 
usefully  extended  to  the  case  of  strangulated  her- 
iiia,  and  be  a  mean  of  producing  relaxation  of  the 
abdominal  rings. 

We  do  not  yet  possess  a  sufficient  number  of 
facts,  in  order  to  judge  of  the  new  property  which 
several  pjiysicians  have  ascribed  to  the  belladonna, 
viz.  of  being  a  preservative  from  rubeola.  The 
experiments  made  in  Germany  have  not  been  re- 
peated in  the  hospitals  of  Paris. 

There  has  been  extracted  from  the  belladonna 
an  alkaline,  crystallizable  substance,  to  which  has 
been  given  the  name  of  atropine.  It  has  not  yet 
been  medicinally  employed. 

Conium  J\faculatum. 

At  a  time  when  pathological  anatomy  was  in  its 
infancy,  hemlock  was  regarded  as  an  efficacious 
remedy  against  cancer.  It  now,  however,  no 
longer  retains  our  confidence  in  an  organic  affec- 
tion, the  incurability  of  which  is  unhappily  recog- 
nised. According  to  the  experiments  of  M.  Fou- 
quier,  hemlock  presents  the  general  phenomena 
which  belong  to  the  plantes  virenses.  It  has  been 
given  to  the  same  extent  as  hyosciamus,  and  with-, 
out  any  additional  results. 

Thridace. 

M.  Bidault  de  Villiers  had  for  a  long  time  em- 
ployed the  inspissated  juice  of  the  garden  lettuce, 
and  M.  Francois  has  proposed  to  renew  it*  use  un 


326  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES. 

dor  the  name  of  thridace.  He  ascribes- to  thk 
substance  a  sedative  action,  milder  than  that  of 
opium,  inasmuch  as  it  is  accompanied  neither  with 
constipation  nor  stupor.  The  dose  is  two  grains. 
It  is  necessary,  says  M.  Francois,  to  increase  ra- 
pidly the  dosevS,  and  for  one  or  two  days  to  inter- 
rupt its  exhibition,  as  the  stomach  very  soon  ac- 
customs itself  to  its  action.  It  may  be  carried  to 
the  extent  of  eight  grains,  taken  in  three  doses, 
during  the  twenty-four  hours,  without  any  incon- 
venience. 

Lactuca  Virosa. 

In  the  experiments  which  he  has  made  on  the  lac- 
tuca  virosa,  M.  Fouquier  has  recognised  a  diuretic 
virtue  in  that  substance,  which  was  exerted  in  a  con- 
siderable number  of  cases.  He  has  not  hitherto 
discovered  in  it  any  other  peculiar  properties.  In 
this  respect,  it  agrees  with  the  extract  of  the  aco- 
nitum  napellus,  which  has  shown  almost  constantly 
a  powerful  action  on  the  urinary  organs,  and  in 
which  a  narcotic  virtue  is  not  very  apparent. 

Datura  Stramonium. 

The  extract  of  stramonium  has  also  been  submit- 
ted to  experiment  by  M.  Fouquier,  but  more  nume- 
rous trials  are  indispensable,  in  order  to  determine 
the  cases  in  which  it  may  be  usefully  applied.  It 
maybe  well  to  mention,  however,  that  patients  have 
scarcely  been  able  to  exceed  the  dose  of  twelve  or 
fifteen  grains,  without  experiencing  disagreeable  ef- 
fects, as  heat,  cerebral  congestion,  with  illusions  of 
sight  and  hearing,  vertigo,  and  confusion  of  ideas. 
Symptoms,  besides,  of  gastric  derangement,  have 
also  been  excited — as  anorexia,  thirst,  white  tongue, 
nausea,  and  sometimes  alvine  evacuations.  These 
symptoms  have  been  common  to  almost  all  who 


PAftTiCULAB  KBMEDIES,  .227 

&ave  used  for  a  length  of  time,  and  in  large  doses, 
the  virose  plants  or  their  extracts. 

There  has  been  obtained  from  stramonium  a  par- 
ticular substance,  to  which  it  appears  to  owe  all  its 
properties  :  It  has  been  named  datuvine,  but  has  not 
yet  been  used  in  medicine. 

Oil  of  Croton  Tiglium, 

This  oil,  extracted  from  a  plant  of  the  family  of 
Euphorbias  and  recently  introduced  into  the  Mate- 
ria  Medica,  has.  the  property  of  a  purgative  in  a  re- 
markable degree,  and  in  the  smallest  .doses.  Its  ef- 
fect is  very  rapid.  One  or  two  drops,  in  half  an 
ounce  of  sirup,  generally  suffice  to  purge  abundant- 
ly, and  without  danger.  It  is  used  also  in  frictions 
«ver  the  umbilical  region ;  and  four  drops  thus  ap- 
plied have  produced  alvine  evacuation. 

Oil  of  Euphorbia  Lathy  ris. 

M.  Bally  has  made  trial  of  this  oil.  In  the  dose 
of  from  eight  to  ten  drops,  properly  administered,  it 
In  general  acts  as  a  mild  purgative.  Sometimes, 
however,  he  has  seen  it  excite  vomiting. 

Oil  of  the  Jatropha  Curcas.* 

M.  Caventou  has  recognised  the  identity  of  the 
physical  and  chemical  properties^  this  oil,  and  that 
of  croton  tiglium ;  and  M.  Bally  has  proved,  by  clini- 
cal experiments,  that  they  possess  the  same  medici- 
nal properties. 


> — immediate  principle  of  the  Urine  of  the  Mam- 

mifera. 
M.  Fouquier  has  employed  urea  as  a  diuretic, 

*  Barbacjoes  or  American  Nut  Tree*—  TV- 


J'ARTICULAB 

though  to  M.  Bally  it  does  not  appear  to  possess 
that  property.  The  dose  is  from  fifty  to  sixty  grains 
in  any  appropriate  vehicle. 

Rhus  Radicans. 

The  extract  of  thi?  plant  has  been  recommended 
as  a  powerful  remedy  in  paralysis,  but,  in  the  hands 
of  M.  Fouquier,  it  has  not  been  attended  with  a  suc- 
cess at  all  equal  to  the  character  allowed  it.  Seve- 
ral patients  have  taken  it  to  the  extent  of  250  grains 
in  the  day,  not  only  without  experiencing  any  alle- 
viation that  could  be  ascribed  to  the  treatment,  but 
even  without  feeling  any  serious  disturbance  in  the 
exercise  of  their  functions.  It  is  difficult,  therefore, 
to  see  for  what  particular  end  we  shall  employ  a 
substance,  the  effects  of  which  are  so  trivial  and 
obscure. 

Pyrothonide. 

M.  Ranque,  physician  to  the  Hotel-Dieu  at  Or- 
leans, has  introduced  into  the  Materia  Medica  a  sub- 
stance produced  by  the  combustion  under  free  air,  of 
the  tissues  of  lint,  hemp,  and  cotton.  He  conceives 
it  useful  in  different  inflammations  of  the  mucous 
membranes,  especially  in  ophthalmia,  urethral  and 
vaginal  catarrh,  uterine  hsemorrhagy,  and-chilblain. 
Experiments  have  been  made  of  it  in  the  hospitals, 
and  with  a  variety  of  results.  The  folio  wing  is  the 
manner  of  preparing  the  pyrothonide.  About  a 
handful  of  linen  or  cotton  cloth  is  put  into  a  slightly 
concave  pan,  and  is  then  ignited  in  the  open  air, 
while  care  is  taken,  by  stirring,  to  prevent  the  vessel 
from  becoming  too  much  heated.  The  carbona- 
ceous residue  being  removed,  there  is  found  at  the 
bottom  of  the  vessel  a  semi-aqueous  and  semi-oily 
product,  of  a  reddish-brown  tint,  and  penetrating 
odour.  This  brown  matter  is  to  be  dissolved  by 
adding  to  it  a  glassful  of  cold  water.  The  solution 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  229 

thus  made,  and  diluted  more  or  less  according  to  the 
occasion,  is  instilled  between  the  eyelids,  and  used  in 
fomentations,  injections,  &c. 

Preparations  of  Gold. 

The  preparations  of  this  metal  have  been  highly 
extolled  in  inveterate  syphilitic  affections.  With 
M.  Cullerier,  who  has  given  them  a  persevering 
trial,  they  have  not  succeeded.  They  are  difficult 
to  manage,  as  much  on  account  of  their  great  ac- 
tivity, as  on  account  of  the  facility  with  which  they 
are  decomposed.  The  dose  ought  to  be  extremely 
small,  not  exceeding  the  fifteenth  or  twentieth  of  a 
grain  in  frictions.  The  same  observations  may  be 
applied  to  the  salts  of  platina. 

Notes  extracted  from  the  Course  ofM.  GCILBERT. 

Balsam  of  Copaiba. — Regarded  by  Professor 
Guilbert  as  an  excellent  remedy  in  mucous  dis- 
charges from  the  urethra  and  bladder,  and  in  chronic 
pulmonary  catarrhs.  It  is  necessary,  however,  to 
associate  with  it  an  emollient  regimen,  to  prevent 
the  gastric  irritation  which  its  use  very  frequently 
provokes. 

Prussic  Acid. — The  narcotic  extracts  well  pre- 
pared, the  laudanum  of  Rousseau,  the  pills  of  Cyno- 
glossum,  may  be  substituted  with  advantage  for  the 
prussic  acid.  They  are  exempt,  at  least,  from  the 
dangers  which  are  in  general  attached  to  the  use  of 
that  poison. 

Quinine — Sulphate  of  Quinine. — The  new  poisons, 
and  the  proximate  vegetable  principles,  constitute, 
in  the  actual  state  of  science,  discoveries  that  are 
valuable  in  theory,  though  dangerous  in  medical 
practice,  and  of  little  interest  in  regard  to  useful 
effects.  Any  .advantage  they  may  afford,  can  be  ob- 
tained from  medicines  free  from  their  inconvenien- 
20 


230  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES* 

ces,  and  which  experience  has  proved  to  be  both 
efficient  and  safe.  As  to  quinine  and  its  sulphate, 
they  are  excellent  remedies  in  the  periodic  fevers, 
especially  when  associated  with  the  laudanum  of 
Rousseau.  In  the  neuralgias,  it  is  proper  to  employ 
the  sulphate  of  quinine,  with  powerful  antispasmo- 
dics,  as  camphor,  musk,  &c.  This  precaution  is  the 
more  useful,  as  the  sulphate  of  quinine  is  very  often 
altered  by  an  admixture  of  the  sulphate  of  lime.  To 
detect  this  sophistication,  it  is  enough  often  to  taste 
the  salt;  when  it  is  pure,  the  perception  of  the  bitter 
and  astringent  taste  is  immediate.  When  this  proof  is 
insufficient,  we  discover  the  fraud  by  treating  it  with 
alcohol,  which  dissolves  the  sulphate  of  quinine,  and 
allows  the  sulphate  of  lime  to  be  precipitated 

New  Febrifuges. — '-Several  plants  have  been 
brought  from  Brazil  by  M.,Anguste  St.  Hilaire, which 
he  had  there  employed  with  success  in  the  'treat- 
ment of  intermittent  fevers.  Among  them  are  the 
strychnos  pseudo-quina,  the  solanum  pseudo-quina, 
the  evodia  febrifuga,  &c.  M.  Guilbert  has  already 
made  trial  of  the  strychnos  pseudo-quina  in  the  dose 
of  two  drachms,  and  has  in  several  instances  over- 
come fevers  that  had  rented  the  cinchona.  It  is 
remarkable,  that  this  plant,  which  belongs  to  the 
family  of  Strychnos,  does  not  furnish  by  analysis  any 
trace  of  strychnine. 

Antispnsmodics. — To  the  plants  known  under  this 
title,  M.  Guilbert,  from  his  experience,  thinks  it 
right  to  add  the  chaenopodium  botrys  and  ambrosioi- 
des,  and  the  Chinese  vervain.  These  plants  afford 
agreeable  infusions,  that  are  stimulant  and  antispas- 
modic,  and  capable  of  being  usefully  substituted  for 
a  crowd  of  insignificant  vegetables. 

Arnica  Montana.— This  plant,  though  too  highly 
valued  by  some,  deserves  to  be  retained  in  the  treat- 
ment of  cerebral  affections.  It  does  not,  however, 
act  usefully,  except  when  it  determines  a  certain 


PARTICULAR  REMEDIES.  3 

degree  of'  irritation  of  the  stomach.  It  ought  to  be 
given  in  infusion  in  the  dose  of  from  half  a  drachm 
to  two*drachms,  to  eight  ounces  of  water.  Half  a 
cupful  of  this  infusion  is  given  every  quarter  of  an 
hour,  until  there  be  felt  some  pain  at  the  pracordia, 
when  it  is  for  a.  time  suspended.  When  the  prae- 
cordial  pain  is  intense,  it  may  be  immediately  relieved 
by  a  little  ether. 

Nervfr+ti  Auctions. — M.  Guilbert,in  his  practice, 
follows  the  eclectic  principle.  His  materia  medica 
is  limited,  and  chosen  from  the  medicines  that  are 
best  known  In  the  nervous  affections  and  chronic 
diseases,  he  employs  with  success  the  resources  af- 
forded by  the  hygiene,  and  some  attention  to  diet 
and  regimen,  with  the  occasional  use  of  the  tepid 
bath,  he  has  obtained,  in  numerous  instances,  the 
most  favourable  results. 

Chlorides  of  Sodium  and  Calcium. 

Several  phjteicians  and  surgeons  of  the  hospitals 
have  made  a  useful  application  of  these  substances  in 
the  treatment  of  burns,  chronic  inflammation  of  the 
mucous  membrane,  &c.  M.  Lisfranc  has  used  the 
following  preparation  successfully  in  burns: 

Chloride  of  Calcium,  marking  three  degrees  of  the 

Chlorometre  of  Gay-Lussas 3  iv. 

Water ft  L 

This  solution  has  also  been  used  as  an  injection 
in  the  case  of  chronic  catarrh  of  the  vagina  or  blad- 
der, and  has  been  equally  employed  in  the  treatment 
of  gangrene.  Besides  its  utility  as  a  disinfecting 
agent,  it  appears  also  to  exert  a  beneficial  influence 
on  the  progress  of  cicatrization. 

titrate  of  Mercury, (St.  Louis.— M.  J.  CLOQUET.) 
M  Cloquet  has  been  led  to  employ  this  caustic 


232  PARTICULAR  REMEDIES, 

against  syphilitic  and  scrofulous  ulcers,  &a,  which 
had  been  ineffectually  treated  by  a  number  of  other 
means.  It  appears  to  M.  Cloquet  to  act  in  »  pecu- 
liar way:  the  acute  pain  which  follows  its  applica- 
tion is  not  of  long  duration,  the  corrosive  inflamma- 
tion is  soon  circumscribed,  and  the  cicatrizing  pro- 
cess is  speedily  accomplished.  A  drachm  of  the  ni- 
trate of  mercury  w  dissolved  in  an  ounce  of  nitric 
acid,  and,  according  to  the  thickness  of  the  parts  we 
wish  to  cauterize,  spread  by  means  of  a  hair  pencil 
over  the  affected  parts ;  or  they  may  be  covered  by 
a  piece  of  charpie  soaked  in  the  solution.  One,  two, 
three,  or  more  applications,  may  be  necessary,  ac- 
cording to  the  duration  or  severity  of  the  disease, 

M.  Recamier  employs  also  this  caustic  to  touch 
cancerous  ulcers,  and  reduce  them  to  the  state  of  a 
simple  wound* 


POSOLOGICAL  TABLE, 


UNDER  this  title  are  indicated  the  doses  and 
properties  of  the  different  simple  substances  used 
in  medicine.  As  those  whose  use  has  heen  aban- 
doned belong  properly  to  the  history  of  physic,  none 
are  here  inserted  but  such  as  are  retained  either  in 
the  hospitals  or  in  private  practice.  T  have  indi- 
cated the  ordinary  doses,  which,  however,  a  num- 
ber of  circumstances  may  require  us  to  vary.  As 
to  the  properties,  I  have  mentioned  thosB  which 
are  in  general  ascribed  to  the  medicines,  without 
taking,  on  this  subject,  any  responsibility, 

A. 

ABSINTHIUM.     Bitter  and  aromatic,  tonic  and  ommena 
gogue. 

Dose.    In  infusion,   3  *• — U-     Powder,   9  i.~— 

3  fs.     Wine,  3  ij- — iy« 
ACETAS  AMMONITE.     Stimulant,  sudorific. 

Dose.     0  fs. — iij.  in  any  appropriate  vehicle.     1 
ACETAS  PLUMBI.     Styptic,  anti-sudorific. 

Dose      Externally,  3  >j- — &    '•  *n  a  pound  of 
water.     Internally,  gr.  i.  in  pills,  or  in  solution. 
ACETAS  POTASS^.     Laxative  and  diuretic. 

Dose.     .3  is.— ij. 

ACIDUM  ACETICUM,     Astiingtnt,  refrigerant  when  di- 
luted. 

Dose.    Of  the  concentrated  acid,  B  l- — 3  *• 

Common  acid, 3  '• 

ACIDUM  ACETICUM  CAMPHORATUM.    Discutient, 
e.    Internally,  3  fs.— u 


234  PtSOLOGICAL  TABLE* 

ACIDUM  CITRICUM.    Refrigerant. 

Dose.     gr.  x. — xv.  in  a  pint  of  liquid. 
ACIDUM  HYDRO-CHLORICUM.     Stimulant. 

Dose.     Externally,  3  ij.— iv.  in  foot-baths.    In- 
ternally, employed  in  the  form  of  lemonade, 
3  fs. — i.  in  each  pint. 
ACIDUM  NITRICUM.    Stimulant,  diuretic.     In  lemonade, 

by  drops,  till  an  agreeable  acidity  is  produced. 
ACIDUM   PHOSPHORICUM.     In  lemonade,    as  the  pre- 
ceding. 

ACIDUM  PRUSSICUM,  VEL  HYDRO-CYANICUM.    Antispas- 
modic. 

Dose.    gtt.  ij.— vi. 
ACIDUM  SULPHURICUM     Stimulant. 

Dose.    gtt.  xii. — xxxvi.  in  two  pounds  of  water, 
SPIRITUS  /ETHERIS  SULPHURICI.     Astringent,  tonic. 
Dose.   gtt.  xii. — xxxvi.  in  some  fluid  vehicle. : 
ACIDUM  TARTARICUM.   Refrigerant. 

Dose.    gr.  xii. — xxxvi.  in  solution. 
ACONITUM.    Narcotic,  antispasmodic,  diuretic. 

Dose.    Powder,  and  extract  from,  gr.  ij. — 3. 
ALCOHOL  CAMPHORATUM.    Stimulant,  discutient.   Used 

externally  in  frictions. 
ALOES.     Drastic  purgative. 

Dose.    gr.  vi. — xxx.  in  pills.    Tincture,  git.  x. — 

xxxvi. 
ALTHAEA  OFFICINALIS.    Demulcent,  pectoral. 

Dose.    3  i-  m  decoction.     Sirup,  5  *• — "j«  Ex- 

tcrnally  in  fomentations,  cataplasms,  £c. 
AMYQDAL^  DULCES.    Demulcent. 

Dose.  ^  ^s- — ij»  m  form  of  emulsion. 
AMYGDALUS  PERSICA.    (Peach-tree  Leaves.)  Purgative, 
vermifuge. 

Dose.    In  infusion,  3  ij. —  5  i»   Sirup,  3  ij-— 

3  ij. 
AQUA  AMMONIAS.  Stimulant,  diaphoretic. 

Dose.  gtt.  x.  diluted  with  water.    Externally  in 

frictions. 

AMMONIACUM.    Stimulant,  expectorant. 
Dose.  gr.  vi. — xxiv.  in  emulsion. 
ANGELICA  ARCHANGELICA.   Aromatic, 
Dose.    3  j. — ij. 


POSOLOaiCAL  TABLE. 

ANISI  SEMINA.  Aromatic,  carminative. 

Dost.   B  i- — 3  i-  volatile  oil,  gtt.v. — xv. 
ANTIMONII  TARTRAS.  Emetic,  purgative,  diaphoretic. 
Dose.  gr.  fs. —  £  i,   Vinum  Antimonialis,  g  i,— * 

iv. 
ARNICA  MONTANA.  Stimulant. 

Dose,    g  fs. — i.  In  decoction. 
ARSEWAS  POTASSJE.   Febrifuge, 

Dose.    gr.  £  repeated  three  or  four  times  a  day. 
ASPIDIUM  FILIX  MAS.    (Mate  Fern.)   Vermifuge,  tonic, 
ermnenagogue.     Composes,  usually,  a  part  of  the 
treatment  employed  against  the  trenia. 

Dese.    5  fs" — i.    In  decoction.    Powder,  3  i.— • 

ij.    Extract,  id. 
ASSA-FOSTIDA.  (Gwnmi-resina.)  Antiepasmodic. 

Dose.   gr.  xii. — 3  fs.    In  enema,  3  ij. 
ANTHEMIS  NOBILIS.  Aromatic,  emmenagogue. 
Dose.    In  infusion,  £)  i. — 3  *• 

^THER      SULPHWHICUS,      MuRIATlCUS,     NlTRlCUS,     &C^ 

Diffusible  stimulants,  anlispasmodic. 
Dose.  gtt.  x. — xxxvi. 

B. 

BALSAHUM  COPAIBJB.  Astringent. 

Dose.  3  i. —  g  fs.  in  any  emollient  mixture. 
BALSAMUM  TOLUTANUH> 

Dose.  gr.  vi. — xxiv. 
BELLADONNA.    (Atropa)  Narcotic. 

Dose.  Ponder  or  extract,  gr.  iv. — gr.  xvl, 
BISTORTA.    Astringent. 

Dose     Bi.—  3  ij. 
BORAS  SOD^E.    Detergent. 

Dose.  9  i. — 3  i-  In  gargles. 

BARDANA  MAJOR.  (Burdock.)  Employed  in  the  treat 
ment  of  syphilis,  and  diseases  of  the  skin. 

Dost.  Of  the  root,  g  i. — ij.  in  Decoction. 
BOBAGO  OF*  JCINALIS.    Diaphoretic,  diuretic,  emollient, 

Dose.    Manip.    i. — jj.    in   infusion.     Extract?, 
36?— i. 


236  P060LOGICAL   TABLE. 

C. 

CATECHU.    Astringent. 

Dose.    B  ij- — 3  i-  in  infusion  or  raixtufe. 
CAMPHORA.   Sedative,  vermifuge,  sudorific. 

Dose.   gr.  ij. — xx.  suspended  in  emulsion. 
CANELLA  ALBA.     Aromatic,  stimulant. 

Dose.    Powder,  gr.  xii. — xxxvi.    Tincture,  3  ft. 

— iv. 

CARBONAS    POTASS.E    ET   Son/E.     Stimulant,  diuretic, 
sudorific. 

Dose.    3  fs — ij.    Used  externally  in  local  baths. 
CARTOPHYLLUS  AROMATICUS.    (Cloves.)    Tonic,  stoma- 
chic, emmenagogue 

Dose.  Powder,  gr.  iv. — xviii.   Tincture,  3  &• — *• 

Essential  Oil,gtt.  v. — x. 
CASSIJE  PULPA.    Laxative. 
Dose.    3  iv.— 3  ij. 
CASTOREUM.    Antispasmodic,  emmenagogue. 

Dose.    gr.  xx. —  9  i.  fs.    • 
CHIRONIA  CENTAURIUM.   Bitter,  tonic,  febrifuge. 

Dose.    9  i. —  3  &•  m  infusion. 
CHAM^EDRYS,    Bitter,  tonic,  febrifuge. 

Dose.    3  &• — i-  in  infusion. 

CENTAUREA  BENEDICTA.    Tonic,    febrifuge,  sudorific, 
diuretic. 

Dose.  3  i- — ij«  in  infusion. 
CHICORIUM  AGRESTB.     Bitter,  tonic,  febrifuge. 

Dose.    3   *•   m   decoction.     Extract,    3  i- — ij- 

Juice,  3  i- — 3  iij- 

CITRUS  AURANTIUM.  (Orange.)    Refrigerant.    In  fevers 
and  inflammations. 

Leaves,  antispasmodic,  3  i» — iy«  ^n  infusion.     Pow- 
der, 9i.— 31. 

Flowers.    Distilled  water,  3  fs.— ij. 
Rhind.  Powder,  9  i.— 3  i.  Essential  Oil,  gtt.ij.—vi. 
CONIUH  MACULATUM.     Narcotic,  anodyne,  resolvent. 
Dose.    Extract,  gr.  ij. — 3  fs-  Decoction,  3  *v- — " 
vi.    Externally  in  cataplasms,  lotions,  &c.   Em- 
ployed particularly  in  schirrous  and  cancerous 
affections. 


20SOLOGIOAL   TABLE*  237 

COCHLEARIA  ARMORAciA.  Stimulant,  antiscorbutic. 

Dose.  3  i' — ij-  *n  infusion.     Tincture,  3  &• — i» 
CYDONI^I  SEMINA.   Astringent.    Employed  in  chronic 
diarrhoea. 

Dose.  Syrup,  3  ^s- — ij' 

CUCUMIS  COLOCYNTHIS.  Pulp  of  the  fruit.  Drastic 
purgative. 

Dose.     Extract,  gr.   vi. — xviii.     Powder,   gr. 

x.— 9i. 

COLUMBA.  Stomachic,  anti-emetic.  Employed  in  ner- 
vous affections  of  the  stomach. 

Dost,    "ovvder,  3  is — i. 

CvNOGLossuar  OFFICINALE.  Narcotic,  pectoral.  Em- 
ployed more  especially  in  affections  of  the  chest. 

Dose.  pr,  iji — 3  fs. 

CONSERVA  ROS/E  GALLICS.  Astringent.  Employed  as 
a  vehicle  for  other  medicines. 

D. 

DAPHNE  GNIDIUM.  Sudorific,  emetic*  corrosive.  Used 
externally  as  a  substitute  for  cantharides.  Given 
internally  v  though  very  rarely,  in  some  affections  of 
the  skin. 

Dose.   3  fs.  in  decoction.    Powder,  gr.  ij.— xx. 
DIASCORDIUM.     Astringent,  opiate   electuary.     Much 
used  in  chronic  diarrhoea. 

Duse,    3  fs.— i. 

DIGITALIS.  Diuretic,  sedative.  Employed  in  dropsy, 
and  affections  of  the  heart. 

Dose,    Powder,  gr.  i. —  9  i.   Tincture,  3  &•*•*• 

In  infusion,  3  i.-— ii. 
DIANTHUS  CARYOPH?LLBS.   Aromatic. 
Dose.   Sirup,  3  ft.— ii. 

E. 

ELLIBORUS  ALBUS.  (Veratrum  Album.}  Drastic  purga- 
tive emntic.  Little  used. 

Dose.  Powder,  gr.  i.— xii.    Extract,  gr.  ii»— - x, 


238  POSOLOGICAL    TABLE. 

ENULA  CAMPANA.   Bitter,  aromatic. 

Dose.     Root,    3    fs«   in    decoction.     Extract, 
3  fs.— ii. 

F. 

FERRI  LIMATURA.    Tonic,  emmenagogue,  astringent, 
styptic.    Used  in  debility  of  the  digestive  organs,  in 
amenorrhcea,  chlorosis,  Sic. 
Dose.    gr.  xii. — xxxvi. 

FERRI  OXIDUM  NIGRUM.  (JEthiops  Martialis.") 
FERRI  OXIDUM  RUBRUM.    (Crocus  Martis.) 

Dose.  gr.  xii, — 3  fs. 
FUMARIA  OFFICINALJS.     Tonic,  emmenagogue.     Much 

used  in  the  treatment  of  diseases  of  the  skin. 
Dose.     3  i»   m  decoction.      Extract,    3    fs — i. 
Sirup,  3  &. — ii.  Juice,  3  *• — iy» 

G. 

GALBANUM.    Antispasmodic,  emmenagogue',  stimulant. 

Dose.     gr.  iv. — vi.     Tincture,  gtt  xii.— xxxvi. 
GALL.E.    Astringent,  styptic,  febrifuge.    Externally  in 
decoction  for  fomentations,  lotions,  &c.     In- 
ternally, in  the  case  of  poisoning  by  tartar 
emetic,  and  as  a  powerful  astringent  in  obsti- 
nate haemorrhagies. 
Dose.    Powder,   gr.  xviii. —  3  i.     in   infusion, 

3  i-— iij- 

GUAIACI  LIGNUM.     Sudorific,  anti-syphilitic.    In  gout, 
rheumatism,  syphilis,  &c. 

Dose.     3  ^s- — »•  in  decoction.  Extract,  3  fs. — i. 

Powder,  id.     Tincture,  id. 
GELATINA.     Employed  sometimes  as  a  febrifuge. 

Dose.     9  i.— 3  i. 
GENTIANA.    Bitter,  tonic,  febrifuge. 

Dose.   3i- — ij-  in  decoction.  Extract,  9  i. — 3  ft. 

Powder,  id.    Tincture,  3  fs. — ij. 
GUHMI  ARABICUH.     Demulcent,  pectoral.     In  fevers, 
inflammations,  and  all  diseases  accompanied  with  ir- 
ritation. 

Dose,     g  fs, — i.  in  solution.    Syrup,  3  »• — *> 


POSOLOGICAL  TABLE.  239 

GUMMI  TRAGACANTHA.     Demulcent,  pectoral. 

Dose.    gr.  x. — xxiv. 

GAMBOGIA.     Drastic   purgative.      In  passive   dropsy, 
chronic  jaundice,  vermes,  &c. 

Dose.     gr.  v. — xviii. 

GRATIOLA  OFFICINALIS.    Purgative,  vermifuge,  emetic. 
Dose.     3  i-  in  decoction.  Extract,  gr.  xii. — xviii. 

Powder  9  i. — gr.  xxxvi- 
GRANATI  CORTEX.     Tonic,  astringent. 

Dose.  3  ij« — vi.  in  infusion.  Powder,  3  &• — i. 
Sirup,  3  iv.— 3  ij. 

H. 

UUMULUS  LUPULUS.  Tonic,  diaphoretic,  diuretic,  resol- 
vent. Used  in  scrofula,  herpes,  psora,  verrnes. 

Dose.    In  infusion,  3  i» — ij«     Extract,  3  fs. — i. 
HYSSOPITS  OFFICINALIS.     Tonic,  expectorant,  diaphore- 
tic.    In  chronic  cata  rrhal  affections,  asthma,  &c, 

Dose.     In  infusion,   9  i. — 3  ij.  Sirup,  3  fs. — ij. 
HYOSCIAMUS.    Narcotic,  antispasmodic,  resolvent.     In 
all  nervous  affections. 

Dose.  Powder,  gr.  ij. —  3  ij.  Extract,  id.  Em- 
ployed externally  in  cataplasms,  to  cancerous 
tumors,  &c. 

JljEDERA  TERRESTRIS.  Aromatic,  expectorant.  In 
chronic  inflammations  of  the  mucous  membrane  of  the 
bronchi. 

Dose.     3  '• — iij-  m  infusion. 

HYDRARGYRUS.  Vermifuge.  In  decoction,  ft  i.  of  mer- 
cury to  water,  fi>  ij. 

Proto-Chloridum  Hydrargyri.  (Submuriate  of  Mer- 
cury.) Purgative,  vermifuge,  anti-syphilitic. 

Dose,    gr;  ij.— xii. 
Deuto-Chloridum  Hydrargyri.  (Corrosive  Sublimate.) 

Dose.    gr.  i. — £.  in  solution. 
Hydrargyri  Oxydum  Cinereum.  Vermifuge,  stimulant, 

Dose.    gr.  \. — i. 

Deutoxydum  Hydrargyri.  (Red  Oxide.)  Escharotic, 
Externally,  incorporated  with  cerate,  or  with  other 
ointments, 


^40  POSOIOGICAL   TABLE. 

HORDEI  SEMINA.  Demulcent,  emollient. 

Dose.  3  &• — i-  in  decoction.  Externally,  in 
fomentations,  cataplasms,  enemaia,  &c. 

I. 

IPECACUANHA.  Emetic,  purgative,  diaphoretic, 

Dose.  Pewder,  gr.  xv. — xxx.  Tincture,  5  &• — i» 
Sirup,  3  &• — ij- 

IRIS  FLORENTINA.    Purgative,  expectorant. 
Dose.   Powder,  gr.  xii. — xxiv. 

J. 

JALAPAE  RADIX.  Purgative. 

Dosf.    3  i.  in  decoction.  Powder,  gr.  xv. — xxxvL 

Tincture,  gtt.  v. — xx. 
JUNIFERUS  COMMUNIS.   Tonic,  diuretic,  febrifuge. 

Dote.  3  &• — i*  in  infusion.  Extract,  3  &• — ij« 
Volatile  Oil,  gtt.  v. — xv.  The  juniper  berries 
burnt  are  used  for  fumigations. 

K. 

KlNO.   (Gummi.)  Tonic,  astringent,  febrifuge. 

Dose.  In  decoction,  3  i. — ij.  Tincture,  3  fs. — jf 
Powder,  gr.  xviii.— xxxvi. 


LACTUCA  SATIVA.   Demulcent,  antispasmodic. 

Dose.   Distilled  water,  3  i- — iv.  Juice.  3  ij. — iv, 
LACTUCA  VIROSA.   Narcotic,  antispasmodic,  diuretic. 

Dose.  Extract,  gr.  ij. —  3  y- 
LAURO-CERASUS.  Narcotic,  antispasmodic. 

Dose  Distilled  water,  3  is, —  ^.xvi.  The  de- 
leterious qualities  of  this  medicine  have  been 
much  exaggerated, 

LICHEN  ISLANDICUS.    Demulcent,  pectoral,  analeptic. 
In  catarrhal  affections,  pulmonary  phthisis. 
Dose.  3  & — i«  in  decoction. 


POSOLOCICAI,  TASLIX 

Luci     SBMINA.      Demulcent,    laxative,    emollient. — 
In  inflammations,  especially  those  «f  the  urinary 
passages. 

Dose.   In  infusion,   3   i- — llj-     Externally,  in 

fomentations,  cataplasms,  enemata. 
LIQVOR    ANODYNUS    HOFFSIANXL.     (Spiritus    aetheriz 
viirioiici  compositus.)  Anodyne,  antispasmodic,  stimu- 
lant    In  nervous  affections,  convulsions,  spasms. 

Dwe.    gtt.  xv. — xxxvi. 

LEONTODON  TARAXACUM.  Diuretic,  laxative,  diapho- 
retic. 

Dose.    Decoction  of  roots  or  leaves,  3  &• — ij» 
Juice,  3  i. — iij.   Extract,  3  fs. — i. 

M. 

MAGSESIA.  Absorbent,  purgative.  In  acidity  of  the 
primae  vise,  and  in  cases  of  poisoning  by  sulphuric 
acid. 

Dose.    9  i.— 3  ft. 
MANNA.  Laxative,  pectoral. 

Dose.   3  fs- — li- 
MALTA  SYLVESTRIS.    Demulcent,  pectoraL 

Dose.    In   infusion,   maftip.  i.      Externally,  in 

lotions,  fomentations,  cataplasms. 
MECBOACAM.    (Conxokidus  Mechoacanna.)    Purgative, 
Little  used. 

Dose.    Powder,  B  i.— -3  i. 

MELILOTUS.  ( Trifolium  Mdilotus  Officinak.)  Aromatic , 
slightly  tonic,  resolvent. 

Dose.     3   »- — ij-   in  infusion.     Distilled  water, 

3  ij.—iv. 

MELISSA  OFFICINALIS.  Stimulant,  emmenagogue,  an- 
tispasmodic. 

Dose.  In  infusion,  3  i. — iv.  Distilled  water, 
3  i.— iv.  Tincture,  3  fs. — 3  iij.  Essential 
oil.  gtt.  ij — xviii.  Sirup,  3  fs* — *j-  ^m" 
ployed  externally  as  a  stimulant  and  discu- 
tient. 

MKSTEU  Stomachic,  antispasmodic.  emmenagogue, 
carminative. 


242  POSOLOGICAL   TABLE. 

Dose.  3  i- — ij.  in  infusion.  Distilled  water, 
3  i» — iv.  Tincture,  3  i. —  5  fs.  Sirup- 
3  fs.— ij. 

MOUSSE  DE  CORSE.  (Fucus  Helminthocorton.)  Anthel- 
mintic. 

Dose.     Powder,  B  i. —  3  i.    In  decoction,  3  ii. 

—  3  i.     Sirup,  3  ii. — iv. 

MURIAS  AMMONITE.  Diaphoretic,  diuretic,  febrifuge, 
tonic. 

Dose.    gr.  x. —  9  ii. 

MURIAS  BARYTA.  (Proto-hydrochlorate.)  Stimulates 
the  lymphatic  system,  and  recommended  in  scrofulous 
affections. 

Dose.    gr.  \ — £,  in  a  draught  or  mixture. 
MURIAS  CALCIS.    (Chloride  of  Calcium.)    Employed  as 
a  mean  of  destroying  the  odour  from  putrid  sub- 
stances, &c.    One  part  of  the  salt  is  dissolved  in 
twenty  or  thirty  parts  of  water,  with  which  the  in- 
fected matters  are  washed. 
MURIAS  AURI.    Recommended  as  antisyphilitic. 

Dose.  gr.  l-15th,  in  frictions  on  .the  tongue  and 
gums.  Internally,  the  hundredth  part  of  a 
grain  in  pills. 

MURIAS  POTASS^.  (Febrifuge  Salt  of  Sylvius.)  Tonic, 
febrifuge,  purgative. 

Dose.  gr.  x. — xxxvi.    As  a  purgative,  3  fs« — i. 
MURIAS  SOD.E.   (Deuto-hydrochlorate  of  Sodium.')  Diu- 
retic, purgative,  resolvent. 

Dose.    3  ii. —  3  i-in  solution.     3  i« — »j-  in  Pe" 

diluvium,  enema,  and  fomentation. 
MOSCHUS.    (Musk.)  Sedative,  antispasmodic,  sudorific, 
aphrodisiac. 

Dose.    gr.    i. — viii.  "  in    pills.      Tincture,   gtt. 

xviii. — xxxvi. 

MYRISTICA  MOSCHATA.  (Nux  Moschata.)  Stomachic, 
stimulant,  tonic. 

Dose.     Powder,  gr.   x. —  3  fs.      Essential    oil, 
gtt.  vi. — xii.     Tincture,  3    &• — "•    Extract, 
9  i.— 3  ^. 
MYRRHA.    (Gurnmi  Resina.)    Tonic,  vermifuge,  em- 


POSOLOGICAL   TABLE.  243 

menagogue,  stimulant.      Scarcely  used  except  ex* 
ternally. 

Dose.    gr.  xv. — 3  fs.  Volatile  oil,  gtt.  v. — xx. 
Tincture,  3  fs.— iv. 

N, 

NYMPH^EA  LUTEA.   Astringent,  refrigerant. 

Dose.    3  ii. —  3  fs.  in  infusion.     Distilled  wa- 
ter, 3  u« — iv'     Sirup,  3  fs. — ii. 

NITRAS  ARGENTI.  (Pierre  Infernale.)  Caustic.  Recom- 
mended in  epilepsy. 

Dose.    l-16th  to  l-10th  of  a  grain. 
NITRAS  HYDRARGYRI.    (Proto-nitrale  of  Mercury.)  Ex- 
ternally, dissolved  in  water  as  an  escharotic. 
NITRAS  POTASS^:.    Diuretic,  refrigerant,  purgative.  In 
dropsies,  idiopathic,  or  symptomatic. 

Dose.  gr.  x. —  3  iij. 

Nux  VOMICA.  (Strychnos  Nux  Vomica.)  Vermifuge, 
tonic.  Produces  excitement  of  the  spinal  cord.  Em- 
ployed in  the  treatment  of  paralysis, 

Dose.    Aqueous  extract,  gr.  ii. — xii.    Alcoholic 
extracted. 

O. 

OLIVER  OLEUM.    Purgative,  emetic,  demulcent. 

Dose,  3  fs. — iv. 
OLIBANUM.     (Juniperus  Lycia.)   Stimulant.  Employed 

externally  in  fumigations. 
OPIUM.     Narcotic,  anodyne,  sudorific. 

Dose.    Extract,  gri  i. — vi.     Sirup,    3  *• — 3^ 

Tincture,  gtt.  x.~ 1. 

SUPER- OXALAS  POTASS.*?.     Refrigerant. 
Dose.    gr.  £  i.r— 3  fs.  in  solution, 

P. 

PAL  MA  CHRISTI.    (Oleum  Ricini.}     Purgative 
Do.*?.     3  ii. —  3  ii. 


TABLE* 

PARIETARIA  OFFICINALIS.    Diuretic. 

Dese.    in  decoction,  manip.  i.    Distilled  water, 

3  ii. — iv. 

PATIENTIA.     (Rumex  Patientia.)     Tonic,  antiscorbutic, 
a  s  tringent.  Much  employed  in  the  treatment  of  psora. 
scrofula,  and  different  cutaneous  affections. 

Dose.     Root  in  decoction,   3   ft- — U-     Extract, 

9  i. — 3  i«     Leaves,  in  infusion,  3  i- — 3  *• 
PAPAVER  SOMNJPERUM.     Narcotic,  antispasmodic.  Em- 
ployed externally  in  fomentations,  baths,  &c. 

Dose.  Sirup,  3  ii.— 3  i.  fs.  Extract,  9  i.— 3  i. 
PAPAVER  ERRATJCUM.    (Red   Poppy.)     Nar«otic,  anti- 
spasmodic.     In  inflammations  of  the  chest,  and  some 
nervous  affections. 

Dose.  9  i. —  3  i.  in  infusion.  Sirup,  3  ij« — 3  l'^s* 
PETROLFUM.     (Oleum.)    Anthelmintic. 

Dose.     3   fg«  applied  by  friction  over  th&  abdo- 
men. 
PHOSPHORUS.     Violent  stimulant,  aphrodisiac. 

Dose.  gr.  £. — ii.  Dissolved  in  eether,  or  sus- 
pended in  emulsion — dangerous. 

PINUS  PINEA.     (Kernel  of  the  Aw/.)     Demulcent,  pec- 
toral. 

Dose.     3  ii — iv.  in  emulsion. 

PISTACHIA  VBRA.     (Pistachio  Nut.)     Demulcent,  cool- 
ing. 

Dose.     3  i. — iv.  in  emulsion. 

PJEONIA  OFFICINALIS.     (Root  and  Seeds.)     Anti-spas- 
modic.    In  nervous  affections. 

Dose.  Decoction,  5  ^s- — i-  Extract,  3  fs. — L 
Powder,  id.  Sirup,  3  ii.— 3  «•  Tincture, 
3  fs.— ii. 

Pix  LIQUIDA.     (Tar.)     Tonic,  stomachic.     In  phthisis. 
Dose.     3  fs. — i.  macerated  for  24  hours  in  two 

pints  of  water. 

POLYGALA  SENEGA.    (Radix.)    Stimulant,  expectorant, 
diaphoretic, 

Dose.    Decoction,  3  fs. — i.     Powder,  9  i. — fs, 

Wine,  g  fs.— i. 
MALUS.    (Fruit.)    Demulcent,  refrigerant* 


TOSOLOG1CAL  TABLE.  245 

Dose.    Sirup,    3    i.— -ii.     Externally  in  cata- 
plasms. 
PBUNUS  DOMESTICA.     (Fruit.)    Laxative. 

Dose,     3  i. — viii.  in  decoction. 
PULVIS  STANNI.    Vermifuge. 

Dose.    gr.  xiL — xxxvi. 

Q, 

QUASSIA  LIGNUM.    Tonic,  stomachic,  febrifuge. 

Dose.     Powder.  9  i. — 3  i.     Infusion,   3  i. — 2, 

Wine,  3  fs.— i.    Tincture,  3  fs.— i. 
QUINQUINA.     (Cortex  Cinchona.}     Tonic,  febrifuge,  an- 
tiseptic.    In  adynamic  and  intermittent  fever,  scoif- 
butus,  gangrene,  &c. 

Dose.  Infusion  and  decoction,  3  ii. — gii.  Wine, 
3  ii. — viii.  Sirup,  3  ii.— 3  ii.  Tincture, 
3  fs. — ii.  Soft  extract,  3  ii. — iv.  Dry  extract, 
gr.  xxx. — Jx.  Externally  in  baths,  lotions,  fo- 
mentations, &c. 

QbfeRCUs  CORTEX  Bitter  astringent,  febrifuge,  and 
tonic.  Used  as  a  succedaneum  to  cinchona,  and  ex- 
ternally in  gangrenous  affections.  It  is  prescribed  in 
powder  or  in  decoction,  to  which  is  added,  according 
to  the  indicaticn^camphorated  alcohol,  liquid  lauda- 
num, or  acetate  of  lead. 

R. 

RHATA&IA.  {Radix.)  Astringent.  In  passive  hae- 
morrhagies,  Ieucorrho3a,  &c. 

Dose.    Decoction,  3  fs- — i«     Extract,  3  fs- — u- 
RHAMNUft   CATHARTicus.^JX^accce.)     Purgative,  ver- 
mifuge. 

Dose.    Of  the  dried  berries,  9  i.— 3   ii.  Sirup 

3  i.—iij- 
RHEI  RADIX.     Tonic^and  purgative. 

Dose.    Powder,  gr.  iv.— 3  i.   In  infusion,  3  ii.-- 
iij.      Wine,   3  fs. —  3  i.      Sirup,  3  ii.— 3  & 
Tincture,  3  i.— ii.  Extract,  J3  i,— 3  i» 
FOLIA.    Emmenagogue, 


246  POSOLOGICAL  TABI.E. 

Dose.  Powder,  gr.  xii.— 9  i»  In  infusion,  3  J* 
— iij.  Essential  oil,  gtt.  ii.—- x.  Conserve, 
9  i. — 3  &.  Externally  in  lotions,  fomenta- 
tions, vapour,  &c. 

ROSMARINUS   OFFICINALIS.      (Cacumina.)     Aromatic, 
tonic,  stimulant. 

Dose.     In  infusion,  3  i» — "•  Tincture,  3  fs. — i. 
Volatile   oil,  gtt.  ii. — x.     Powder,  9  i. — gr- 
xxxvi. 
ROSA  GALLICA.     (Red  Rose.)    Astringent. 

Dose.     In  infusion,  3  ii. — iv.     Distilled  water, 
3  i. — iv.     Conserve,  3   f*« — i»     Volatile  oil. 
gtt.  ii. — iv.     Honey  of  roses,  3  i.— ii. 
HUME*     ACETOSELLA.       Refrigerant,     antiscorbutic, 
laxative. 

Dose.     Manip.  i. — ii.  in  decoction.    Externally 

in  cataplasms. 

Ruscus  ACULEATUS.     Diuretic,  emmenagogue. 
Dose.     3  ft, — i«  in  decoction. 

S. 

SABIN^E  FOLIA.    Emmenagogue,  anthelmintic. 

Dose.     Powder,  gr.  v. —  9  i.     Extract,  gr.  x.-~ 

xxx.     Externally  in  lotions.  &c. 

CROCUS  SATIVUS.     (Stigmata.}    Stimulant,  resolvent, 
emmenagogue. 

Dose.     Powder,  gr.  x. —  3  &•    Extract,  gr.  v. — 

9  i.    Tincture,  3  fs.— i. 

SAGAPENUM.     (Gumrni-resina.)     Emmenagogue,  anti- 
spasmodic. 

Dose.     Powder,  gr.  x. —  9  i-    Tincture,  3  fs» 
SARSAPARILL^I  RADIX.  Sudorific.     Employed  in  syphi 
lis,  diseases  of  the  skin,  gout,  and  chronic  rheumatism. 
Dose.    Deeoction,  3  i. — ij.     Extract,  3  fs. — i. 

Sirup,  3  i.— ij. 
SANGUIS  DRACOINIS.     (Resina  Plerocarpi  Draconis.) 

Dose.     Powder,  gr.  x. — 3  fs. 

SANTOLINA  CHAMJECYPARISSUS.     Vermifuge,  emmena- 
gogue. 

Dose.    Powder,  9  i.~3  i, 


POSOLOGICAL  TABLE,  *M 

S$A?ONAR!A  OFFICANALIS.    Tonic,  sudorific,  diuretic, 

Dose.     Extract,  9  i. — 3  i.    Decoction,  3  i. — ij. 
SASSAFRAS.   (Lignum  et  Radix.)    Sudorific,  diuretic. 

Dose.     Decoction,  3  ft« — *•   Extract,  9  i.-— 3  *• 
SAPQ  MEDICINALIS.    Aperative,  dissolvent. 

Dose.     9  i. — 3  i.  in   pills.     Externally  sin  fo- 
mentations, lotions,  baths. 
SCAMMONI^E  GUMMI-RESINA.     Drastic  purgative. 

Dose,    Powder,  gr.  v. —  9  i.   Tincture,  gtt,  vi. — 

xviii. 

SCILLA  MARITIMA.  Diuretic,  emetic,  expectorant.  In 
dropsies,  especially  those  which  are  connected  with 
chronic  affections  of  the  thoracic  viscera. 

Dose.  Powder,  gr.  iv. — xii.  Extract,  gr.  ij. — 
x.  Wine,  g  fs.— i.  Vinegar,  3  fs.-— .i  Oxy- 
mel,  3  ft- — i.  Tincture,  9  i. —  3  ij.  Honey, 

.        3  i.— ij- 

SEMEN  CONTRA.  (Artemisia  Santonica?)  Tonic,  ver- 
mifuge. 

Dose.    Powder,  gr.  x. — 3  i.    Tincture,  3  fs. — i. 
SCNNJB  FOLIA.    Purgative. 

Dose.    In  infusion,  3  ij. — iv.  Tincture,  3  i. — ij. 
$EJIFENTARIA  ViRGiNiANA.     (^Arislolochia  Serpcntaria.) 
Tonic,  febrifuge,  diaphoretic. 

Dose.    3  i. — ij.   in  infusion.    Extract,  9  i. —  3}, 
SIMAROUB^R  CORTEX.     Tonic,  astringent,  vermifuge. 

Dose.  3  i. — ij.   in  decoction.  Sirup,  3  ij- — 3  ij» 

Tincture,  3  fs.— ij.  Extract,  3  fs. — i. 
SULPHUR  SUBLIMATUM.  Diaphoretic,  expectorant,  stimu- 
lant.   In  diseases  of  the  skin. 

Dose.    Powder,    gr.  xii. —  3  i.  Pastilles,  3  i« — 
3  f*s-  Externally  ia  ointments,  fumigations,  £e. 
SMILAX  CHINA.    (Squine.)  Sudorific. 

Dose.    Decoction,  g  ij. — iij.  Extract,  9  i- — 3i 
STRAMONIUM.     (Datura.)     Narcotic,  resolvent.      Em- 
ployed in  epilepsy,  hysteria,  chorea,  and  cancer. 

Dose.  Extract,  gr.  ij. —  9  i-   Externally  in  lotions, 

fomentations,  cataplasms,  &c. 
??TTCCINUM.     (•Amber*)    Antispasmodic. 

Dose.  Sirup,  3  ft. — ij-  Tincture,  />  fs»— i'j,  In 
flimig-ations-j  3  i,— ij.. 


~4»  FQSOLOGICAL  TABLE, 

SULPHAS  ALUMINA.    Astringent,  repercussive; 

Dose,     gr,  vi. — xxxvi.  in  solution  or  in  p,i 
SULPHAS  FERRI.    Tonic,  febrifuge. 

Dose.     9  i. — 3  i.  in  solution  or  in  pills. 
SULPHAS  MAGNESIA. 

SOD^E. 

POTASS^.     Purgative. 

Dose.     3  ij. —  3  ij-  in  watery  vehicles. 
SULPHURETUM  HTDRARGYRi  RuBRUM.     Employed  as  a 
fumigation  in  syphilitic  diseases,  and  in  baths  in  the 
dose  of  3  i.— ij. 

SULPHURETUM  POTASS^:.  Stimulant,  sudorific,  dia* 
phoretic.  In  herpes,  psora,  and  obstinate  catarrhal 
affections. 

Dose.     Powder,  gr.  vi. — xviii.  in  divided  doses. 

Sirup,  3  ii.— 3  ij. 

SAMBUCI  CORTEX  ET  BACCM-I.  Sudorific,  diaphoretic,  re- 
solvent, aperient,  diuretic. 

Dose.  Of  the  bark,  gr.  x. — 3  i.  In  decoction,  %fs, 
Juice  of  the   berries,    3  ^s- — nj»      Flowers, 
used  externally  in  fomentation. 
SINAPIS  ALBA.    Stimulant,  emetic,  rubefacient. 

Dose.     3  i- —  3  fs-  in  substance  or  infusion.  Ex- 
ternally in  cataplasms. 

SOLANUM  DULCAMARA.  Diuretic,  sudorific,  anodyne. 
In  cutaneous  and  cancerous  affectione. 

Dose.     3  fg* — i-in  infusion.    Extract,  9  i. —  3  *• 

Powder,  9  i.— 3  i. 

SYMPHYTUM  OFFICINALE.  Astringent.  In  haemorrhage, 
and  chronic  diarrhoea,  under  the  form  of  sirup. 

Dose.     3  fs' — ij» 

SUPERTARTRAS  POTASS^.  (Cream  of  Tartar.)  Diuretic, 
refrigerant,  purgative. 

Dose.    3  ii. —  3  i.  in  solution  or  electuary. 

T. 

TAMARINDICUS  INDICA.  (Pulpd.)  Laxatire,  refrige- 
rant. 

Dose.    3i« — "•  in  decoction. 

TARTRAS  POTASS.E  ET  FERRI.  Stimula^it,  tonic,  astrin- 
gent. 

Dose-.    Powder,  gr,  xii, — 3  &• 


JPOSOLOGICAL   TABLE.  .VJ49 

POTASS^.  (Vegetable  Sail.)   Diuretic,  refrige- 
rant, purgative. 

Dose.  3  ii. — 3  i-  in  solution. 
TARTRAS  POTASS^B  ET  SOD^.    Same  properties,  and 

same  doses. 

TEREBINTHINA  VENETA.    TEREBINTHINA  CANADENSIS. 
Diuretic,  expectorant,  astringent. 

Dose.  gr.  x. — 3  i«  in  pills  or  mixture. 
Essential  9il  of  turpentine*  gtt.  iv. — xviii. 
TERRA  CIMOLIA.    Employed  externally  as  tonic,  discu- 

tient,  and  astringent. 
THEA.    Diaphoretic,  diuretic,  stimulant. 

3  ij. — iv.  in  infusion. 
TIIERIACA.  Tonic,  astringent. 

Dose.   3  fs.— i.  Wine,  3  fs.— i.   Vinegar,  id. 
TILIA  EUROPE  A.  (Flores.)    Antispasmodic. 

Dose.    In  infusion,  3   i. — ij.    Distilled  water, 

3  ij.— iv. 
TORMENTILL^E  RADIX.    Astringent. 

Dose.    Powder,  3  fs. — i.     Extract,  id.    In  de- 
coction, 3  i. — iv. 

TOXICODENDRON.  (Rhus.)   Tonic,  antispasmodic.    Re- 
commended against  paralysis. 

Dose.    Powder  of  the  leaves,  gr.  i. — iv.    Ex- 
tract, gr.  ij.— c. 

TRIFOLIUM  PALUDOSUM.   (Menyanthes  Trifoliata.)   To- 
nic, febrifuge,  antiscorbutic. 

Dose.    3  i. — iv.  in  decoction.   Extract,   9  i. — 

3i- 
TUSSILAGO.   Demulcent,  pectoral. 

Dose.    Manip.  i.  in  infusion.    Sirup,  3  fs. — ij. 
TUTIA.  (Impure  Oxide  of  Zinc.)  Stimulant,  astringent. 
Combined  with  other  substances,  in  collyria,   and 
ophthalmic  ointments. 
TINCTURI  OPII.   Narcotic,  antispasmodic. 
Dose,  gtt.x. —  3  i. 

V. 

VALERIANS  RADIX.    Antispasmodic. 

Dose.  Powder,  B  i. —  3  i.     Extract,  id.    Tinc- 
ture, id, 


"^OU  POSOLOGICAL    TABLE, 

VANILLA.  Stimulant,  stomachic. 

Dose.   Powder,  gr.  v. — xxiv.  Tincture,  3  i.— ij, 
VERONICA  BECCABUNGA.    Stimulant,  antiscorbutic. 

Dose,     g  fs. — ij.  in  iufusion.    Sirup,  3  &• — ij> 
VERATRUM  SABADILLA.    (Cevadilla.)     Vermifuge.    Re- 
commended to  expel  the  tsenia,  but  little  employed, 
on  account  of  its  extreme  acrimony. 

Dose.    In  powder,  9  i. — 3  i» 
VIOLJE  FLORES.    Demulcent,  pectoral,  laxative. 

Dose.    3  Jj- — iij'in  infusion.    Sirup,  3  ij- — 3y» 

Z. 

4KDOARIA.     (Amomum   Zedoaria.)     Tonic,  stimulant, 
stomachic. 

Dose.   Extract,  9  i.— 3  fs.    Tincture,  3  fs.— -H. 
KINCI  OXYDUM  ALBUM-.    Antispasmodic,     Employed  i$ 
epilepsy,  chorea,  pertussis. 

Dose.  gr.  i. — xx.  in  some  appropriate  vehicle. 


INDEX. 


.    Page. 
ACID,  Hydrocyanic  ....................  216,229 

Affusions  ...........................  .  ......  73 

Antimony,  Tartrate  of.  ....................  20Q 

BATHS,  general  observations  on  ...............  67 

Bath,  Anti-psoric   .............  ,  ............  68 

-  Anti-syphilitic  ..................  .......  69 

-  Aromatic  .............................  ib, 

—  :  —  Mercurial  ..............  ...    .  ..........  ib. 

-  Sulphureous  ----  .  .  ,  ....................  70 

m  of  Bareges  .................  ib. 

-  Alkaline  Foot  ..................  ......  .ib. 

-  Aromatic  Vapour  ......................  7i 

Balsam  of  Copaiba  .................  ........  229 

Belladonna,  employment  of,  (M.  Fouquier)  .....  224 

Boluses,  general  observations  on  .............  116 

Bolus,  Febrifuge  ............................  ib. 

-  Stomachic  .....  ......  .......  .  ........  117 

-  Camphor  .  .....  .  .    .....  ........  .  ......  ib. 

-  Antispasmodic  .....  .  ..................  121 

-  Astringent  ...........................  122 

—  Vermifuge...  ....................  ..124 

..         of  Camphor  and  Nitre  ........  .  .  .  »  .....  ib. 

<  -  of  Cinchona  and  Rhubarb  ............  .  .  .  .  ib. 

-  Squill  ................  ............  12", 

-  -  -  Laxative  ...........  .  ......  .    ..........  ib. 

Brucine,  employment  of.  ...................  211 


CATAPLASMS  general  observations  OH 
Cataplasms,  Emollient.  .  ,  ,  ,  .  ......  .. 


Cataplasm,  Sttppurative  .....................  74 

-  Anodyne  ........................  ib. 

-  -  Anti-septic  ......................  ib. 

-  Resolvent  ......................  7;~> 

-  Chamomile  ......................  ib. 

Cerate,  Mercurial  ...........  ...............  108 

Cinchonine,  employment  of  ..................  215 

Chlorides  of  Sodium  and  Calcium   ...........  231 

Colica  Pictonum,  treatment  of.  ...............  203 

-  treatment  of  M.  Ranque  .....  205 

COLLYHIA,  general  observations  on   ......  ....  76 

Collyrium,  Simple  Detersive  ..................  &• 

-  1  -  Dry   ............................  ,ib. 

--  Resolvent  .........................  77 

-  Aluminous  .....  ...............  .  ..  .78 

-  Emollient  .......................  <.  .  ib. 

-  -  of  Roses  and  Melilot  ..............  ib. 

-  Opiate  ...........................  79 

.  Astringent  .......................  ib* 

--  Anodyne  ..........................  ib* 

-  ,  --  of  the  Sulphate  of  Zinc  ...........  .  .  80 

--  of  the  Acetate  of  Lead  ..............  ib. 

Cyanuret  of  Potassium  .................  .  ...»  218 


Decoction  of  Barley 
--  of  Lichen 
--  of  Cinchona 


of  Guaiac  .........  .  .............  165 

compound  of  Sarsaparilla  ............  ib. 

of  Asparagus  .....................  $• 

ofRice  ........................  1«6 

•  compound  of  Hartshorn  .......  .....  «ib. 

of  Catechu  ......  .  ................  #• 

of  Prunes  ........................  167 

—  .  of  Tamarinds  ..........  ............  #• 

of  Fern  .................  ,  ........  168 

.—.  of  Centaury  .  .  .  ,  .  ..........  .....  ....*. 


INDEX.  253 

Page. 

Decoction  of  Artemisia 170 

of  Bistort 171 

_ of  Comfrey ib. 

ofSnake  Root.... 172 

—  of  Bitter  Sweet ib. 

of  Angelica   177 

Diuretic  ib. 

Sudorific. 178 

Douches 72 

DRAUGHTS,  general  observations  on 1 32 

Draught,  Antiseptic 135,  142 

Purgative 136, 144, 156. 

Emetic 137 

—  Anodyne 138, 147 

Cordial 139 

...  Antispasmodic 143 

i  Saline  Purgative  146 

Bitter  Pectoral 153 

Dropsy,  Passive,  of  the  Cellular  Tissue, 

Treatment  of  M.  Dupuytren 188 

ELECTUARY,  Purgative 126 

Vermifuge ib. 

Emetine,  employment  of 212 

Emulsion  of  Almonds 163 

ENEMATA,  general  observations  on 95 

Enema,  Demulcent 96 

— Astringent ib. 

Antiseptic ib, 

Laxative. •*&. 

Tobacco 97 

..  Emollient ib- 

Purgative ib. 

Anti-syphilitic $• 

Camphorated 9£ 

=— -  Saline ??'« 


Page, 

Enerna,  Starch 93 

Poppy 99 

Bark .ib. 

Chamomile ib. 

of  the  Balsam  of  Copaiba 100 

FOMENTATIONS,  general  observations  on 80 

Vinous 8i 

Saponaceous ib. 

Narcotic ib. 

Mustard   8£ 

Emollient ib. 

Resolvent ib. 

Astringent 85 

Fumigations,  general  observations  on 87 

Fumigation  of  Chlorine 88 

Mercurial ib. 

Aqueous 89 

— , Sulphureous ib. 

— of  Cinnabar ib. 

GARGLES,  general  observations  on 90 

Gargle,  Astringent ib. 

• —  Anti-scorbutic 91 

Anti-septic *&• 

Acidulous ib. 

Anti-syphilitic 92 

A  cetous 93 

of  Cinchona ib- 

Chloric ib. 

: Detergent 90,  93 

Mercurial 92,  93 

Muriatic  Acid 92 

Gentianin,  on  the  use  of. 215 

Goitre,  treatment  of  AL  Dupuytren 190 

Granati  Cortex,  remedy  against  the  Trenia 181 

Gold,  on  the  preparations  of 22P 


INDEX.  ^55 

Page. 

HAND  B  ATUS 71 

Herpes,  Phagedenic,  treatment  of  M.  Dupuytren  190 
HOSPITAL  OF  LA  PITIE 23 

Practice  of  MM.  Lisfranc,  Serres,  and  Bally. 
HOSPITAL  OF  LA  CHARITE 25 

Practice  of  MM.  Boyer,  Roux,  Fouquier, 

and  Lerniinier. 
HOSPITAL  OF  SATNT  Louis 37 

Practice  of  MM.  Richerand  and  J.  Cloquet, 
Alibert,  Maury,  and  Biett. 

HOSPITAL,  VENEREAL, 39 

Practice  of  MM.  Cullerier,  Barb,  and  Guilbert. 
HOSPITAL  SAINT  ANTOINE 47 

Practice  of  MM.  Kapeler  and  Winslow. 
HOSPITAL  LA  SALPETRIERE 48 

Practice  of  M.  Esquirol. 
HOSPITAL  FOR.  CHILDREN 5.> 

Practice  of  MM.  Guersent  and  J  adelot. 
HOSPICE  UE  LA  CLINIQUE  INTERNE 32 

Practice  of  MM.  Cayol  and  Chomel. 
HOSPICE  DE  LA  MATERNITE.     See  Maison 

d'Accouchement. 

HoTEL-DlEU 17 

Practice  of  MM.  Dupuytren,  Recamier,  and 
Husson. 

Hydrogala 161 

Hydromel 163 

Hyosciarnus,on  the  employment  of,  M.  Fouquier  222 

INFLAMMATION  of  the  Retina.     Treatment  of  M. 

Dupuytren 1 94 

INFUSION  of  Lintseed 162 

of  A  mica 164 

— of  Cinchona ib. 

— of  Juniper 165 

of  Senna 1ST 

— of  Marsh  mallow ..,,,,  .11. 


256  JNJJEX. 

Page. 

INFUSION  of  Eider  Flowers 168 

— of  Borage ib. 

of  Chamomile 1^9 

of  Absinthium ib, 

of  Saffron ib. 

of  Burdock \ ib. 

of  Tilia ib. 

of  Red  Poppy -  .ib. 

of  Orange  Leaves 170 

of  Veronica ib. 

of  Anise ib, 

of  Polygala 171 

of  Rhubarb ib. 

of  Valerian .172 

of  Canella 173 

of  Mint  ib. 

_ of  Balm ib. 

of  Hops ib. 

.  Astringent ' 177 

. of  Gallium 178 

INJECTIONS,  general  observations  on 94 

Injection,  Tonic ib. 

Resolvent tfr- 

Mercurial ib. 

Stimulant 95 

_ of  the  Chloride  of  Sodium t6. 

Iodine,  on  the  employment  of 218 

JUMP,  Pectoral 132,145 

Squill 1 42 

Gum ib. 

Lactuca  Virosa 226 

Lemonade,  Citric 161 

Tartaric  Acid ib. 

Sulphuric 166 

Alcoholic I"7  4 


257 

Page. 

Lmctus,  compound 135 

"  simple 137 

Squill 139 

white 142,  150 

LINIMENTS,  general  observations  on 100 

Liniment,  Stimulating 101 

Ammoniacal ib. 

Opiate. .......' i5t 

Camphor ib. 

Soap ib. 

Anodyne 102 

Discutient ib 

Mercurial 103 

— Volatile  Camphorated ib. 

Spirituous  Anodyne . ., ib. 

Turpentine ib. 

— : Narcotic 104 

— Sulphuro-saponaceous ib. 

Diuretic 105 

Liquor  of  Van  Swieten 141 

Cupri  et  Hydrargyri ib. 

Lotion,  Anti-psoric 81 

Mercurial    83,  85 

Alcoholic   84 

of  M.  Alibert ib. 

Sulphur  and  Soap 85 

of  Bark  86 

Anodyne ib. 

Lupuline,  on  the  employment  of 2 15 

MAISON  Roy  ALE  DE  SANTE 45 

Practice  of  M.  Dubois. 
MAISON  D'  ACCOUCHEMENT,  Lying-in- Hbspital    46 

Practice  of  M.  Chaussier. 

Mixture,  Pectoral,  ( Julep  Becfuque.) 1 32 

Antispasmodic 1 33,  1 50 

_ — r Anodyne - .  135.  \w 


Page. 
Mixture,  Anthelmintic  .....................  138 

--  Astringent  ..................  140,  14 

i   .  -  Carminative   .....................  138 

--  Camphorated  .....................  140 

--  Aluminous  .......................  1  48 

-  -  —Acid  .........................  ....#• 

--  Demulcent  ........................  #. 

--  Diuretic  ......  ...........  136,  151,  154 

--  Emmenagogue  ............  .......  143 

--  Emetic  .........................  I56 

-  ,  -  Febrifuge  .......................  145 

.  -  Compound  of  Copaiba  ..............  155 

--  -of  Cinchona  ............  15 

--  Laxative  .........................  I37 

-  Purgative  ...................  138,  150 

--  Stomachic  ......................  -144 

--  Soap  ...........................  148 

-  Sudorific  ........................  145 

--  Tonic,  .......................  134,  ISO 

-  Theriacal  ........................  145 

--  Opiated  Antimonial  ...............  208 

Morphine,  Salts  of.   .......................  2n  ' 


Nervous  Delirium,  treatment  of  .  .  .........  1 

Nitrate  of  Mercury,  employment  of  ..........  231 

Nitrate  of  Silver  ............  .............  219 

OINTMENTS,  general  observations  on  ..........  105 

Ointment  of  Belladonna  .................  no 

—i  --  Antimonial  .......................  *  J 

_  Brown  ..........................  l09 

--  Epispastic  ...................  106»  113 

-  Simple  Digestive  ..................  107 

.  --  Mercurial  ........................  1C 

--  Camphorated  .....................  ™ 

--  Anti-herpetic  .  ............  >.  .  .109,  1  1 

,  -  Alkaline  ................  •  .......  •  1C 


259 

Page. 

Ointment,  Mercurial 108 

—  with  Opium ib. 

Ophthalmic   105,  109 

—  Opium 108 

of  Oxide  of  Mercury 110 

Iodine 114 

i.  of  Cyanuret  of  Mercury ...., 115 

Resolutive 106 

Sulphur. .  /.    107 

Sulphuro-alkaline Ill 

of  Soap  and  Sulphur 112 

i  of  Sub-sulphate  of  Mercury Ill 

for  Tinea  Capitis 112 

of  M.  Melier ib. 

ofM.  Biett 113 

Ozena,  treatment  of  M.  Dupuytren 188 

Oil  of  Croton  Tiglium 227 

—  of  Euphoroia  Lathyris   ib. 

—  of  Jatropha  Curcas ib, 

-—  of  Turpentine,  employment  of  in  Neuralgia.  207 

PILLS,  general  observations  on. 11$ 

—  Antiseptic 118 

•  Antihysteric ib. 

Anodyne 118, 122 

—  Antisyphilitic 119,  130 

Aritispasmodic 120, 121, 127 

Astringent   120,  125 

Asiatic 131 

Deobstruent 119 

Diuretic. .......  ? 122 

•  Emmenagogue 126 

— —  Styptic  ...    127 

—  of  Camphor  and  Cinchona 120 

= of  Corrosive  Sublimate 123 

—  of  Gum  Ammoniac  ib. 

— — ,  of  Nitrate  of  Silver. , 129 


S60  INDEX. 

Page. 

Pills,  of  Nux  Vomica 209 

1  of  Cyanuret  of  Potassium ISO 

of  Arseniate  of  Iron 131 

POMMADES,  general  observations  on 105 

POTIONS,  general  observations  on 132 

Potion,  Purgative 135 

Anti-Emetic 145,  154 

Gum 149,  152 

—  Diuretic 152 

Compound  of  Manna ib. 

POWDERS,  Compound,  general  observations  on.. 157 

Powder,  Antispasmodic 26. 

Aromatic ib. 

Anthelmintic 153 

Absorbent ib. 

Antichlorotic 159 

Arsenical 160 

Antipsoric .  159 

.  —  of  Ipecacuan  and  Rhubarb 157 

ofRousselot 159 

—  Stomachic 158 

— of  M.  Dupuy tren,  used  in  the  Corro- 
ding Herpes 190 

Pulp,  Compound  of  Cassia 125 

Pyrothonide .228 

Quinine,  preparations  of. 213 

Rhus  Radicans,  employment  of. 228 

Sachet  Resolutif 184 

Soap,  Mercurial 180 

Scrofulous  Affections,  treatment  of,  (M.  Du- 

puytren) 1 86 

Diseases,  use  of  Sulphur  in,  (M.  Guilbert)  185 

Sinapism,  (Venereal  Hospital)  75 

Mild ib. 

SOLUTION  of  Arseniate  of  Ammonia 199 

of  Fowler W* 


INDEX.  261 

Page. 

Solution  of  Pearson v  ....  1 98 

of  Hydriodate  of  Potass .... 219 

-  Mercurial 141 

of  Gum 162 

Antisyphilitic 149 

Stramonium  Datura 226 

Strychnine,  employment  of 210 

Sirup  de  Cuisinier,  (Compound  Sirup  of  Sar- 

sapariila) 183 

of  Sulphuret  of  Potass 180 

Specks  of  the  Cornea,  treatment  of  M.  Dupuy- 

tren 1.88 

Serum  Laetis  (Petit  Lait) 173 

Syphilis,  treatment  of  in  the  Hotel-Dieu 192 

TINCTURE  of  Anise  and  Ipecacuan 197 

of  Gentian 1  85 

Tserda,  remedy  of  M.  Bourdier 181 

treatment  of  M.  Dubois 1 82 

Note  of  M.  Guilbert  on  ib. 

Cortex  Granati,  a  remedy  against  Taenia  181 

Thridace,  employment  of 225 

TISANES,  general  observations  on 160 

Tisane,  Common 161 

. Antiscorbutic 173 

-  Diuretic : 174 

Sudorific 174,  175 

of  Pollini .ib. 

of  Feltz 176 

UREA,  employment  of 227 

Uterus,  Chronic  Obstructions  of 197     / 

VE  KATRINE,  employment  of 220  / 

WATER,  Alkaline  Gaseous 

Tar . . . , .  17 


Water,  Gaseous  Magnesian 179 

Mineral 151 

Antipsoric. 1 9G 

. •  Camphorated  Ether ib. 

Distilled  of  Cherry  Laurel 215 

Wine,  Bitter  Diuretic 184 

Bitter ib. 

, of  Quinine 214 


Lately  published,  by  C.  S.  Francis,  w\cu?-  ForA\ 

ILLUSTRATIONS  OF  THE  PRINCIPAL 
REGIONS  OF  THE  HUMAN  BODY,  IN 
RELATION  TO  SURGICAL  ANATOMY.— 

Twelve  folio  plates,  with  letter  press  explanations. 
The  following  is  a  list  of  the  subjects  of  the  plates, 
which  may  be  had  either  coloured  or  plain : — 

PLATE  I.  Inferior  Lamina  of  the  Perineum  in  the  Male. 

PLATE  If.  An  interior  view  of  th*  Perineum,  and  of  the  lesser 
Pelvis ;  more  particularly  to  show  the  pelvic  and  superior  Perineal 
Aponeurosis. 

PLATE  III.  A  Dissection  of  Inguinal  and  Crural  Hernia,  by  Sir 
Astley  Cooper. 

PL  ATE  IV.  Anterior  part  of  the  region  of  the  Elbow;  the  Veins 
being  strongly  injected  to  show  their  nodositiee,  and  the  compara- 
tive number  of  valves  in  the  superficial  and  deep  seated  Veins. 

PLATE  V-  Superior  Clavicular  Region  ;  with  the  external  part  of 
the  Stern o  Mastoid  Region. 

PLATE  VI-  View  of  the  upper  Hyoidean,  the  inferior  Hyoidean,  and 
Carotid  Regions. 

PLATE  VII.  View  of  the  Axilla,  the  arm  being  raised  up. 

PLATE  VIII.  A  Parallel  Section  of  the  Axis  of  the  Perineum— of 
the  hypogaatric  portion  of  the  anterior  Walls  of  the  Abdomen — 
and  of  the  Sacral  Region,  posteriorly  a  little  to  one  side  of  tho 
Median  Line- 

PLATE  IX.  Exterior  view  of  the  Inguinal  and  Crural  Canals. 

PLATE  X.  Posterior  view  of  the  anterior  Abdominal  Parietes,  to 
khow  the  superior  surface  *f  the  Inguinal  and  Crural  Canals  ;  and 
nt  the  same  time,  a  perpendicular  and  transverse  section  of  the 
Pelvis — to  display  the  external  Iliac  Region,  and  the  connexions 
of  the  Perineal  Aponeurosis  with  those  of  the  Walls  of  the  lesser 
Pelvis. 

PLATE  XI.  A  view  of  the  part  posterior  to  the  Knee,  or  Popliteal 
Space. 

PLATE  XII.  The  fingers. 


COMPENDIUM  OF  OPERATIVE  MID- 
WIFERY ;  or,  the  Manual  and  Instrumental  Ope- 
rations of  Preternatural  Labours  reduced  to  the 
greatest  simplicity:  preceded  by  an  investigation 
of  the  Mechanism  of  natural  Labour.  From  the 
French  of  Julius  Hatin,  Doctor  of  the  Medical 
Faculty  of  Paris,  etc.  etc.  by  Richard  Tuite,  M,  D. 


THE  INFLUENCE  OF  MODERN  PHYSI- 
CAL EDUCATION  of  Females,  in  producing  and 
confirming  Deformity  of  the  Spine.  By  E,  W. 
DUFFIJS,  Surgeon. 


MANUAL  OF  THERAPEUTICS,  by  L.  MAR- 
TINET, P.  M.  P.  translated,  with  alterations  and 
additions,  by  ROBERT  NORTON,  M.  D. 


